Anthocyanin & Phenolic Acids Bioavailability & Antioxidant Capacity After Consumption of Purple Wheat Products in Adults

Bioavailability of Anthocyanins and Phenolic Acids and Changes in Blood Antioxidant Capacity After Consumption of Purple Wheat Anthocyanin-enriched Crackers and Granola Bars by Healthy Adult Participants

This study will determine the bioavailability of anthocyanins and phenolic compounds from two purple wheat products, i.e. bran-enriched wholegrain purple wheat crackers and bran-enriched wholegrain purple wheat granola bars. Crackers are an example of a baked/ processed product. The purple wheat granola bars are an example of a food product that requires much less intensive preparation and cooking, compared to the crackers. A comparison of bioavailability between these two products should provide insights about how different processes and food matrix influence anthocyanin bioavailability and metabolism.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Healthy
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Purple Wheat Crackers; Other: Purple Wheat Granola Bars

Detailed Description

This study will determine the bioavailability of anthocyanins and phenolic compounds from two purple wheat products, i.e. bran-enriched wholegrain purple wheat crackers and bran-enriched wholegrain purple wheat granola bars. Crackers are an example of a baked/ processed product. The purple wheat granola bars are an example of a food product that requires much less intensive preparation and cooking, compared to the crackers. A comparison of bioavailability between these two products should provide insights about how different processes and food matrix influence anthocyanin bioavailability and metabolism. The study is a crossover investigation with 8 men and 8 women who will adhere to a low anthocyanin and low phenolic diet for the duration and complete 2 postprandial study visits where, in random order, they will consume either the crackers or granola bars. Blood and urine will be collected at baseline and postprandially for the analysis of anthocyanins and their metabolites and phenolic acids and determination of antioxidant capacity.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 16
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Canada
  • Ontario
    • Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G2W1
      • Human Nutraceutical Research Unit, University of Guelph

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 55 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• BMI of 18 - 27 kg/m2
• Generally healthy as determined by screening questionnaire
• Non-smoking
• Non to moderate alcohol drinkers (Typical consumption less than 5 drinks per sitting and no more than 14 per week)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant or breast-feeding females
• History of any major disease or medical condition, including any disorder of the gastrointestinal system or food intolerances
• Taking any prescription medications (including hormonal contraceptives) or over the counter medications prescribed by a medical professional
• Taking any natural health products or dietary supplements, other than a multivitamin low in anthocyanins and phenolic acids
• Oral antibiotic use in the past 3 months
• Any food allergies, and any anaphylactic or life-threatening allergies - food or otherwise
• Smokers or use of recreational drugs (marijuana, magic mushrooms, etc)
• Elite or training athletes
• Following a vegan or vegetarian diet

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Purple Wheat Crackers; Bran-enriched purple wheat wholegrain crackers served in 120 g portion.	Other: Purple Wheat Crackers; Whole grain crackers manufactured with purple wheat
Experimental: Purple Wheat Granola Bars; Bran-enriched purple wheat wholegrain granola bars served in 160 g portion.	Other: Purple Wheat Granola Bars; Whole grain granola bars manufactured with purple wheat

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Plasma concentrations of anthocyanin metabolites	0-8 hours (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 8)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Plasma concentrations of phenolic acids	0-8 hours (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 8)
Plasma antioxidant capacity	0-8 hours (0, 2, 4, 6, 8)
Urinary concentrations of phenolic acids	0-8 hours (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 8)
Urinary concentrations of anthocyanin metabolites	0-8 hours (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 8)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Guelph

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: October 1, 2015
• Primary Completion (Actual): April 1, 2016
• Study Completion (Actual): March 1, 2017

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 21, 2016
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 1, 2016
• First Posted (Estimate): April 7, 2016

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 2, 2018
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 29, 2018
• Last Verified: March 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Bioavailability; adults
• Other Study ID Numbers: UGuelph

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: Through peer reviewed publications