Maximal Respiratory Pressures After Radiotherapy

Study of Maximal Respiratory Pressures After Exposure to Breast Radiotherapy in Women

Objective: The purpose of this research was to study the Maximal Respiratory Pressures (MRP) after exposure to breast radiation therapy in women. Methods: Prospective observational study performed at the Hospital de cancer Alfred in Campo Grande/MS. The sample of this study consisted of women (N = 16) divided into two groups: women exposed to breast radiotherapy after underwent quadrantectomy surgery (n = 8); and women with no history of cancer (n = 8). We evaluated the strength of respiratory muscles through the Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) and Maximal Expiratory Pressure (MEP) using the handset called manovacuometer. The examination was performed before the first session and after the twenty-fifth session related to the last day of the radiation treatment; evaluation of anthropometric data of weight and height to detect the body mass index (BMI); evaluation of clinical respiratory symptoms of dyspnea using the Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnea Scale and characterization of cough with Common Pulmonary Toxicity Criteria, in the classification of clinical pneumonitis.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Respiratory Function Tests
• Intervention / Treatment: Radiation: Radiotherapy breast cancer; Other: Evaluation Maximal Respiratory Pressures

Detailed Description

Study design and sample The research consisted of an observational prospective study with control group. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) with the number 46913415.7.0000.002. All participants signed an informed consent form after being informed about the design and objectives of the study according to Resolution 466/12 of the National Council of Health Ministry of Health (CNS).

The quadrantectomy group participants were selected consecutively among patients who initiated radiotherapy. While the control group was selected during routine exams of he image sector from Hospital de Cancer Alfred Abrão.

Research site The execution of the research took place in the Radiotherapy sector of Hospital de Cancer Alfred Abrão in Campo Grande - Mato Grosso do Sul state, from December 2015 to February 2016.

Radiotherapy Protocol The Quadrantectomy Group sample performed adjuvant radiotherapy with a linear accelerator, whose the total dosage was 5000 centigray (cGy), the daily dose 200 cGy distributed into twenty-five sessions, totaling 25 days of treatment.

PROCEDURES Evaluation of maximal respiratory pressures (MRP) Quantification of MIP and MEP was performed with the portable device called manometer, Wika brand with pressure scale ranging from -150 to 150 centimeters of water (0 to -150 to (0 to -150 for MIP; 0 to 150 for MEP). The mouthpiece attached to the device had a hole of 2 mm in diameter, in order to function as a relief valve of the facial muscles. During the measurement of maximal respiratory pressures, the survey participants remained in seated position with the trunk in a 90 ° angle with the lower limbs. A forced expiration was requested until reaching the residual volume (RV) for the measurement of MIP, followed by a maximal inspiratory effort against the occluded airway (Maneuver Muller), this maneuver kept for up to 2 seconds. While the evaluation of MEP, a maximum inspiration was requested to Total Lung Capacity (TLC), followed by a maximal expiratory effort against the occluded airway (Muller maneuver), maintained for up to 2 seconds.

Data from Maximal Respiratory Pressures were collected at two phases in the sample of quadrantectomy group: before the first session of radiotherapy and after the twenty-fifth session corresponding to the last day of the radiotherapy treatment.

The evaluation of the MRP was performed according to the Brazilian Guidelines for Pulmonary Function Tests. The results were analyzed according to the predictive values of Neder regression equations (1999).

Complementary evaluation Anthropometric data evaluated to detect the body mass index (BMI) were: weight and height. Evaluation of dyspnea and cough symptoms with modified Dyspnea Medical Research Council scale (MRC) with the Common Pulmonary Toxicity Common Criteria scale (CTC Version 2.0) was performed to classify the clinic pneumonitis according to the Common Toxicity Criteria (CTC Version 2.0).

Statistics The variables classified as dependent were the maximal respiratory pressures. While the independent variables were sex, age, weight, height, BMI.

The comparison data analysis between the control group and quadrantectomy in relation to the variables: age, height, weight, BMI, MIP and MEP, was performed using the student's t test. The comparison between the moments before and after the radiotherapy in relation to MIP and MEP was performed using the student's t test paired, considering a 5% significance level. The other results of this study were presented in the form of descriptive statistics or in tables and graphics. Statistical analysis was performed using the sigma plot version 12.5 statistical program.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 16

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 40 years to 70 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Female

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The quadrantectomy group (QG) participants were selected consecutively among patients who initiated radiotherapy. While the control group (CG) was selected during routine exams of he image sector from Hospital de Cancer Alfred Abrão.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• There were selected women aged 40-70 years old, breast quadrantectomy post-surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy indication to compose the experimental group.
• While for the control group women aged 40-70 years old with no breast cancer history were invited.

Exclusion Criteria:

• The exclusion of the experimental and control groups were based on the following criteria:
• lung disease association, central or peripheral neurological disorders, refusal to participate in the study, difficulties in understanding and the completion of the protocol tests.
• The unique criteria of the experimental group were: metastatic cancer, concomitant chemotherapy to radiotherapy, hormone therapy and withdrawal of treatment.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Cohort
• Time Perspectives: Prospective

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Quadrantectomy Group; The Quadrantectomy Group sample performed adjuvant radiotherapy with a linear accelerator, whose the total dosage was 5000 centigray (cGy), the daily dose 200 cGy distributed into twenty-five sessions, totaling 25 days of treatment. And data from Maximal Respiratory Pressures (MIP/MEP) were collected at two phases in the sample of Quadrantectomy Group: before the first session of radiotherapy and after the twenty-fifth session corresponding to the last day of the radiotherapy treatment.	Radiation: Radiotherapy breast cancer; Other: Evaluation Maximal Respiratory Pressures; Other Names: MIP and MEP
Control Group; While for the control group women with no breast cancer history were invited. Data from Maximal Respiratory Pressures (MIP/MEP) were collected at one phase in the sample of control group.	Other: Evaluation Maximal Respiratory Pressures; Other Names: MIP and MEP

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Maximal Respiratory Pressures (MRP) after exposure to breast radiation therapy in women	three months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Federal University of Mato Grosso
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Thays M Avila, UFMS

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Neder JA, Andreoni S, Lerario MC, Nery LE. Reference values for lung function tests. II. Maximal respiratory pressures and voluntary ventilation. Braz J Med Biol Res. 1999 Jun;32(6):719-27. doi: 10.1590/s0100-879x1999000600007.
• Black LF, Hyatt RE. Maximal respiratory pressures: normal values and relationship to age and sex. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1969 May;99(5):696-702. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1969.99.5.696. No abstract available.
• Spyropoulou D, Leotsinidis M, Tsiamita M, Spiropoulos K, Kardamakis D. Pulmonary function testing in women with breast cancer treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In Vivo. 2009 Sep-Oct;23(5):867-71.
• Lee TF, Chao PJ, Chang L, Ting HM, Huang YJ. Developing Multivariable Normal Tissue Complication Probability Model to Predict the Incidence of Symptomatic Radiation Pneumonitis among Breast Cancer Patients. PLoS One. 2015 Jul 6;10(7):e0131736. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131736. eCollection 2015.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: December 1, 2015
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 1, 2016
• Study Completion (Actual): February 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 18, 2016
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 23, 2016
• First Posted (Estimate): November 29, 2016

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): November 29, 2016
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 23, 2016
• Last Verified: November 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Neoplasms; Radiotherapy; Breast; Respiratory muscles
• Other Study ID Numbers: 46913415700000021

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No