Bioequivalence Study of Combination Tablets of Saxagliptin / Dapagliflozin / Metformin XR (Extended-release) and Dapagliflozin / Metformin XR Relative to Individual Components in Healthy Subjects

A Randomized, Single-dose, Open-label, Single-center, Crossover Study to Assess the Fed- and Fasted State Bioequivalence of Fixed-Dose Combination Tablets of Saxagliptin / Dapagliflozin / Metformin XR and Dapagliflozin / Metformin XR Relative to Individual Components in Healthy Subjects

In this integrated, Phase I study, the safety, tolerability, food effect, and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of Fixed-Dose Combination Tablets of Saxagliptin / Dapagliflozin / Metformin XR and Dapagliflozin / Metformin XR Relative to Individual Components in Healthy Subjects will be investigated.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: 2.5 mg saxagliptin / 5 mg dapagliflozin / 1000 mg metformin XR FDC tablet; Drug: 2.5 mg saxagliptin / 5 mg dapagliflozin / 850 mg metformin XR FDC tablet; Drug: 2.5 mg ONGLYZA® (saxagliptin) tablet; Drug: 5 mg Forxiga® (dapagliflozin) tablet; Drug: 500 mg Glucophage XR®; Drug: 5 mg dapagliflozin / 1000 mg metformin XR FDC; Drug: 5 mg dapagliflozin / 850 mg metformin XR FDC

Detailed Description

This study will be an open-label, randomized, 3-period, 3-treatment, single-dose crossover study in healthy subjects (males and females), performed at a single study center, conducted in 3 cohorts. A total of 126 healthy male or female subjects (3 cohorts of 42 subjects each [each cohort consisting of 3 treatments]) will be randomized in this study to ensure that at least 108 subjects (36 in each cohort) are evaluable. Each subject will receive 3 single-dose treatments, and each treatment will be administered within 1 of the 3 successive treatment periods. Within each cohort, subjects will be randomized to 1 of 6 treatment sequences with 7 subjects prescribing the ordered sequence of 3 administered treatments in each treatment sequence, and will receive the IMPs in either a fasted or fed-state according to the assigned treatment. For fed-state cohorts, all doses of study drug will be administered to subjects after consuming a standard meal (light fat, low calorie) in the morning. Subjects will start consuming the meal 30 minutes prior to the dose and will finish the meal within 25 minutes. Dosing will then start after 30 minutes after the start of the meal. Subjects in the fasted state cohort will be fasted overnight (at least 10 hours) before dosing

The study will comprise:

• A Screening period of maximum 28 days;
• Three treatment periods during which subjects will be resident in the Unit from the day before dosing with the IMP (Day -1) until at least 72 hours after dosing; discharged on the morning of Day 4; and
• A final Follow-up Visit within 5 to 7 days after the last administration of the IMP.

There will be a minimum washout period of 7 to 14 days between each dose administration

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 126
• Phase: Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United Kingdom
  • Harrow, United Kingdom, HA1 3UJ
    • Research Site

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 55 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• For inclusion in the study subjects should fulfill the following criteria:

  1. Provision of signed and dated, written informed consent prior to any study specific procedures.
  2. Healthy male and/or female subjects aged 18 to 55 years with suitable veins for cannulation or repeated venipuncture.
  3. Female subject must either:

3.1. Be of non-childbearing potential:

• Must have a negative serum pregnancy test (minimum sensitivity 25 IU/L or equivalent units of human chorionic gonadotropin) at Screening and negative urine pregnancy test within 24 hours prior to first IMP administration.
• Documentation of irreversible surgical sterilization by hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy or bilateral salpingectomy but not tubal ligation. 3.2. Or, if of childbearing potential:
• Must have a negative serum pregnancy test (minimum sensitivity 25 IU/L or equivalent units of human chorionic gonadotropin) at Screening and within 24 hours prior to first IMP administration.
• Must not be nursing (breastfeeding).
• If heterosexually active, agree to consistently use a highly effective method of contraception to avoid pregnancy, from at least 4 weeks prior to dosing and throughout the study and for up to 90 days after the last dose of IMP. 4. Sexually active fertile male subjects must use effective birth control for the entire study and 90 days after the last dose of IMP if their partners are women of childbearing potential. 5. Have a body mass index (BMI) between 18 and 32 kg/m2 inclusive and weigh at least 50 kg and no more than 100 kg inclusive.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Subjects will not enter the study if any of the following exclusion criteria are fulfilled:

  1. History of any clinically significant disease or disorder which, in the opinion of the PI, may either put the volunteer at risk because of participation in the study, or influence the results or the volunteer's ability to participate in the study.
  2. Current or recent (within 3 months of first IMP dosing) gastrointestinal disease that may impact drug absorption and affect the PK of the study drugs. Additionally, any gastrointestinal surgery (e.g., partial gastrectomy, pyloroplasty) including cholecystectomy that may impact drug absorption.
  3. Any major surgery, as determined by the investigator, within 4 weeks of first IMP dosing.
  4. Donation of > 400 mL of blood within 8 weeks or donation of plasma (except at the Screening Visit) within 4 weeks of first IMP dosing.
  5. Blood transfusion within 4 weeks of first IMP dosing.
  6. Inability to tolerate oral medication.
  7. Inability to tolerate venipuncture or inadequate venous access as determined by the investigator.
  8. Recent (within 6 months of first IMP dosing) drug or alcohol abuse as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), Diagnostic Criteria for Drug and Alcohol Abuse.
  9. Subjects who drink more than 3 cups of coffee or other caffeinecontaining products a day, or 5 cups of tea a day.
  10. Use of tobacco-containing or nicotine-containing products (including but not limited to cigarettes, pipes, cigars, chewing tobacco, nicotine patches, nicotine lozenges, or nicotine gum) within 6 months prior to first check-in (Day -1, Treatment Period 1), or a positive nicotine test (i.e., cotinine) at Screening and/or check-in.
  11. History of diabetes mellitus.
  12. History of heart failure.
  13. History of chronic or recurrent urinary tract infection (defined as 3 occurrences per year)
  14. Recent vulvovaginal mycotic infection (within 2 months prior to first IMP dosing).
  15. Any other sound medical, psychiatric and/or social reason as determined by the investigator.
  16. Any clinically significant illness, medical/surgical procedure, or trauma within 4 weeks of Screening.
  17. Any positive result on screening for serum hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C antibody, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody.
  18. Has received another new chemical entity (defined as a compound which has not been approved for marketing) within 3 months of the first administration of IMP in this study. The period of exclusion begins 3 months after the final dose or one month after the last visit whichever is the longest. Note: subjects consented and screened, but not randomized in this study or a previous Phase1 study, are not excluded.
  19. History of severe allergy/hypersensitivity or ongoing allergy/hypersensitivity, as judged by the PI or history of hypersensitivity to drugs with a similar chemical structure or class to saxagliptin, dapagliflozin and metformin.
  20. Positive screen for drugs of abuse or cotinine at Screening or on first admission to the study center or positive screen for alcohol on first admission to the study center
  21. Use of saxagliptin, dapagliflozin and/or metformin within 3 months prior to the first administration of IMP.
  22. Use of any prescription drugs or OTC acid controllers within 4 weeks prior to the first administration of IMP except medication cleared by the medical monitor.
  23. Use of drugs with enzyme-inducing properties such as St John's Wort within 3 weeks prior to the first administration of IMP.
  24. Use of any prescribed or non-prescribed medication including analgesics (other than paracetamol/acetaminophen), herbal remedies, megadose vitamins (intake of 20 to 600 times the recommended daily dose) and minerals during the 2 weeks prior to the first administration of IMP or longer if the medication has a long half-life. Note: Hormonal replacement therapy is not allowed.
  25. Involvement of any AstraZeneca, PAREXEL or study site employee or their close relatives.
  26. Vulnerable subjects, e.g., kept in detention, protected adults under guardianship, trusteeship, or committed to an institution by governmental or juridical order.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

9

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Cohort 1 Treatment A; Single-dose of saxagliptin (2.5 mg), dapagliflozin (5 mg), metformin (1000 mg) XR (Extended-release) FDC (Fixed-dose combination) tablet administered orally under fasted condition. Within each cohort, subjects will be randomized to 1 of 6 treatment sequences, each subject will receive 3 single-dose treatments in either a fasted or fed-state. The treatment sequences are (ABC), (ACB), (BAC), (BCA), (CAB) or (CBA).	Drug: 2.5 mg saxagliptin / 5 mg dapagliflozin / 1000 mg metformin XR FDC tablet; Used in Treatment A and Treatment D.
Experimental: Cohort 1 Treatment B; Single-dose of saxagliptin (2.5 mg), dapagliflozin (5 mg), metformin (850 mg) XR FDC tablet, administered orally under fasted condition. Within each cohort, subjects will be randomized to 1 of 6 treatment sequences, each subject will receive 3 single-dose treatments in either a fasted or fed-state. The treatment sequences are (ABC), (ACB), (BAC), (BCA), (CAB) or (CBA).	Drug: 2.5 mg saxagliptin / 5 mg dapagliflozin / 850 mg metformin XR FDC tablet; Used in Treatment B and Treatment E.
Active Comparator: Cohort 1 Treatment C (Reference product); Single-dose of Onglyza® (2.5 mg saxagliptin), Forxiga® (5 mg dapagliflozin) and Glucophage XR® (2 x 500 mg metformin XR) co-administered under fasted condition. Within each cohort, subjects will be randomized to 1 of 6 treatment sequences, each subject will receive 3 single-dose treatments in either a fasted or fed-state. The treatment sequences are (ABC), (ACB), (BAC), (BCA), (CAB) or (CBA).	Drug: 2.5 mg ONGLYZA® (saxagliptin) tablet; Used in treatments C and F.; Drug: 5 mg Forxiga® (dapagliflozin) tablet; Used in treatments C, F and I.; Drug: 500 mg Glucophage XR®; Used in treatments C, F and I.
Experimental: Cohort 2 Treatment D; Single-dose of saxagliptin (2.5 mg), dapagliflozin (5 mg), metformin (1000 mg) XR FDC tablet administered orally under fed condition. Within each cohort, subjects will be randomized to 1 of 6 treatment sequences, each subject will receive 3 single-dose treatments in either a fasted or fed-state The treatment sequences are (DEF), (DFE), (EDF), (EFD), (FDE) or (FED).	Drug: 2.5 mg saxagliptin / 5 mg dapagliflozin / 1000 mg metformin XR FDC tablet; Used in Treatment A and Treatment D.
Experimental: Cohort 2 Treatment E; Single-dose of saxagliptin (2.5 mg), dapagliflozin (5 mg), metformin (850 mg) XR FDC tablet, administered orally under fed condition. Within each cohort, subjects will be randomized to 1 of 6 treatment sequences, each subject will receive 3 single-dose treatments in either a fasted or fed-state. The treatment sequences are (DEF), (DFE), (EDF), (EFD), (FDE) or (FED).	Drug: 2.5 mg saxagliptin / 5 mg dapagliflozin / 850 mg metformin XR FDC tablet; Used in Treatment B and Treatment E.
Active Comparator: Cohort 2 Treatment F (Reference Product); Single-dose of Onglyza® (2.5 mg saxagliptin), Forxiga® (5 mg dapagliflozin) and Glucophage XR® (2 x 500 mg metformin) co-administered under fed condition. Within each cohort, subjects will be randomized to 1 of 6 treatment sequences, each subject will receive 3 single-dose treatments in either a fasted or fed-state. The treatment sequences are (DEF), (DFE), (EDF), (EFD), (FDE) or (FED).	Drug: 2.5 mg ONGLYZA® (saxagliptin) tablet; Used in treatments C and F.; Drug: 5 mg Forxiga® (dapagliflozin) tablet; Used in treatments C, F and I.; Drug: 500 mg Glucophage XR®; Used in treatments C, F and I.
Experimental: Cohort 3 Treatment G; Single-dose dapagliflozin (5 mg) / metformin (1000 mg) XR FDC tablet administered orally under fed condition. Within each cohort, subjects will be randomized to 1 of 6 treatment sequences, each subject will receive 3 single-dose treatments in either a fasted or fed-state. The treatment sequences are (GHI), (GIH), (HGI), (HIG), (IHG) or (IGH).	Drug: 5 mg dapagliflozin / 1000 mg metformin XR FDC; Used in Treatment G.
Experimental: Cohort 3 Treatment H; Single-dose dapagliflozin (5 mg) / metformin (850 mg) XR FDC tablet administered orally under fed condition. Within each cohort, subjects will be randomized to 1 of 6 treatment sequences, each subject will receive 3 single-dose treatments in either a fasted or fed-state. The treatment sequences are (GHI), (GIH), (HGI), (HIG), (IHG) or (IGH).	Drug: 5 mg dapagliflozin / 850 mg metformin XR FDC; Used in Treatment H.
Active Comparator: Cohort 3 Treatment I (Reference Product); Single-dose Forxiga® (5 mg dapagliflozin) and Glucophage XR® (2 x 500 mg metformin) co-administered under fed condition. Within each cohort, subjects will be randomized to 1 of 6 treatment sequences, each subject will receive 3 single-dose treatments in either a fasted or fed-state. The treatment sequences are (GHI), (GIH), (HGI), (HIG), (IHG) or (IGH).	Drug: 5 mg Forxiga® (dapagliflozin) tablet; Used in treatments C, F and I.; Drug: 500 mg Glucophage XR®; Used in treatments C, F and I.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
PK assessment: AUC (Area under plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity)	To measure the PK exposure for saxagliptin, 5-hydroxy saxagliptin (where applicable), dapagliflozin and metformin using plasma concentrations in subjects following IMP administration.	At Pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2,3,4,6,8,12, 18, 24,36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (Days 1 to 4)
PK assessment: AUC0-t (Area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to time of last quantifiable concentration)	To measure the PK exposure for saxagliptin, 5-hydroxy saxagliptin (where applicable), dapagliflozin and metformin using plasma concentrations in subjects following IMP administration.	At Pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2,3,4,6,8,12, 18, 24,36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (Days 1 to 4)
PK assessment: Cmax (Maximum observed plasma concentration)	To measure the PK exposure for saxagliptin, 5-hydroxy saxagliptin (where applicable), dapagliflozin and metformin using plasma concentrations in subjects following IMP administration.	At Pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2,3,4,6,8,12, 18, 24,36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (Days 1 to 4)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Secondary PK parameter: tmax (Time to reach maximum observed plasma concentration)	To measure the PK exposure for saxagliptin, 5-hydroxy saxagliptin (where applicable), dapagliflozin and metformin using plasma concentrations in subjects following IMP administration.	At Pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2,3,4,6,8,12, 18, 24,36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (Days 1 to 4)
Secondary PK parameter: t½,λz (Terminal elimination half-life)	To measure the PK exposure for saxagliptin, 5-hydroxy saxagliptin (where applicable), dapagliflozin and metformin using plasma concentrations in subjects following IMP administration.	At Pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2,3,4,6,8,12, 18, 24,36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (Days 1 to 4)
Secondary PK parameter: tlast (Time of last quantifiable plasma concentration)	To measure the PK exposure for saxagliptin, 5-hydroxy saxagliptin (where applicable), dapagliflozin and metformin using plasma concentrations in subjects following IMP administration.	At Pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2,3,4,6,8,12, 18, 24,36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (Days 1 to 4)
Secondary PK parameter: MRT (Mean residence time from zero to infinity (parent drug only))	To measure the PK exposure for saxagliptin, 5-hydroxy saxagliptin (where applicable), dapagliflozin and metformin using plasma concentrations in subjects following IMP administration.	At Pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2,3,4,6,8,12, 18, 24,36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (Days 1 to 4)
Secondary PK parameter: λz (Terminal elimination rate constant)	To measure the PK exposure for saxagliptin, 5-hydroxy saxagliptin (where applicable), dapagliflozin and metformin using plasma concentrations in subjects following IMP administration.	At Pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2,3,4,6,8,12, 18, 24,36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (Days 1 to 4)
Secondary PK parameter: CL/F (Apparent total body clearance of drug from plasma after extravascular administration (parent drug only))	To measure the PK exposure for saxagliptin, 5-hydroxy saxagliptin (where applicable), dapagliflozin and metformin using plasma concentrations in subjects following IMP administration.	At Pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2,3,4,6,8,12, 18, 24,36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (Days 1 to 4)
Secondary PK parameter: Vz/F (Apparent volume of distribution during terminal phase after extravascular administration (parent drug only))	To measure the PK exposure for saxagliptin, 5-hydroxy saxagliptin (where applicable), dapagliflozin and metformin using plasma concentrations in subjects following IMP administration.	At Pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2,3,4,6,8,12, 18, 24,36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (Days 1 to 4)
Secondary PK parameters: AUC/D (Dose normalized AUC (metformin only))	To measure the PK exposure for saxagliptin, 5-hydroxy saxagliptin (where applicable), dapagliflozin and metformin using plasma concentrations in subjects following IMP administration.	At Pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2,3,4,6,8,12, 18, 24,36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (Days 1 to 4)
Secondary PK parameter: AUC0-t/D (Dose normalized AUC0-t (metformin only))	To measure the PK exposure for saxagliptin, 5-hydroxy saxagliptin (where applicable), dapagliflozin and metformin using plasma concentrations in subjects following IMP administration.	At Pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2,3,4,6,8,12, 18, 24,36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (Days 1 to 4)
Secondary PK parameter: Cmax/D (Dose normalized Cmax (metformin only))	To measure the PK exposure for saxagliptin, 5-hydroxy saxagliptin (where applicable), dapagliflozin and metformin using plasma concentrations in subjects following IMP administration.	At Pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2,3,4,6,8,12, 18, 24,36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (Days 1 to 4)
Number of patients with Adverse Events (AEs)	To assess the adverse events as a criteria of safety and tolerability variables.	At Day -1, Spontaneous plus Pre-dose, 3, 12, 24, and 48 hours post-dose (Days 1 to 4), 5 to 7 days post-final dose
Vital signs (systolic and diastolic blood pressure [BP])	To assess the vital signs as a criteria of safety and tolerability variables.	At Screening, Day -1, Pre-dose and 48 hours (Days 1 to 4), 5 to 7 days post-final dose]
Vital signs (pulse rate)	To assess the vital sign as a criteria of safety and tolerability variables.	At Screening, Day -1, Pre-dose and 48 hours (Days 1 to 4), 5 to 7 days post-final dose]
Twelve-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs)	To assess the cardiovascular system functioning as a criteria of safety and tolerability variables.	At Screening, 5 to 7 days post-final dose ]
Physical examination	To assess the physical conditions as a criteria of safety and tolerability variables.	At Screening, Day -1 (brief) , Day 4, 72 hours (brief) post-dose (Days 1 to 4), 5 to 7 days post-final dose ]
Body weight	To assess the body weight as a criteria of safety and tolerability variables.	At Screening, Day -1, 5 to 7 days post-final dose ]
Laboratory assessments (hematology, clinical chemistry and urinalysis)	To assess hematology, clinical chemistry and urinalysis as a criteria of safety and tolerability variables.	At Screening, Day -1, Day 4 (72 hours post-dose), Post-study 5 to 7 days post-final dose

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: AstraZeneca
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Pablo ForteSoto, MD, MSc, PhD, Parexel Early Phase Clinical Unit London

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 25, 2017
• Primary Completion (Actual): November 28, 2017
• Study Completion (Actual): November 28, 2017

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 21, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 1, 2017
• First Posted (Actual): May 3, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 7, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 6, 2017
• Last Verified: December 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, saxagliptin, dapagliflozin, metformin XR, fixed-dose combination, healthy subjects, crossover, cohorts.
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Hypoglycemic Agents; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hormones; Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists; Protease Inhibitors; Incretins; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; Dapagliflozin; Metformin; Saxagliptin
• Other Study ID Numbers: D168AC00002

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: Undecided

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No