Tomato Supplementation and Cardiovascular Health

Effects of Tomato Supplementation on Cardiovascular Health

This clinical trial aims to test the effects of consuming two types of tomato (one ordinary cherry red tomato containing lycopene, and the other a yellow cherry tomato low in lycopene), on cardiovascular risk factors including endothelial function as the primary outcome, and blood lipids, inflammatory factors and blood pressure.

In a crossover design, participants of this study will randomly consume 300g of raw cherry (red and yellow) tomatoes per day for four weeks, with a control period consuming no tomato products. Before and after each intervention, the cardiovascular outcomes mentioned above will be measured in the clinic.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Healthy
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Red cherry tomato; Dietary supplement: Yellow cherry tomato

Detailed Description

This study will have a randomised and crossover design of 2 interventions supplementing 300g/day of two different varieties of tomato; each of these interventions will last for 4 weeks, with a control period (no tomato consumption) of 4 weeks between these. The total study period will be 12 weeks. The target sample size for this study is 30 male participants. This study visit involve 4 study visits over a 12-week period plus a screening visit before the intervention.

In this study, the interventions will require participants to consume two different varieties of fresh tomatoes in random order. Participants will be given all the tomato to be consumed during the study, and will be instructed not to consume additional tomato sources. The amount of tomato to be consumed will be delivered every week. Participants will consume the tomatoes anytime as snack or with meal. In order to control for other dietary factors, participants will also be asked to record food diary throughout the first study period (4 weeks) and will be recommended to repeat their own dietary pattern for the control period and second study period to match up the food and nutrition intake throughout the whole study. They should not alter their usual diet and exercise patterns when completing the food diary or study. Before and after each 4 weeks intervention or control period, participant will attend the study visit for measurements.

Baseline measurements will be taken at the start of the first study period. All measurements will be measured at fasted state on before and after 4-week study period. Anthropometric measurements including height and weight, a total of 72ml venous blood samples (18ml each measurement) will be collected by researcher. Spot urine and saliva samples will be collected into a flask provided by participants themselves. Plasma and urine analyses will not commence until the full intervention study is complete, and all samples from each subject are analysed within one batch to reduce inter-batch variation. Trained researchers will obtain blood sample in this study.

Before the start of the trial, 4 volunteers will be recruited to consume 1 week of 300g red cherry tomato per day for 7 days in order to establish expected serum levels of lycopene after tomato supplementation. The aim of this is to develop cut-off serum levels to establish compliance with interventions. Six ml of fasting blood will be taken at baseline and after the 1 week consumption of red cherry tomato.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 26
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United Kingdom
  • Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, NE1 8ST
    • Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 60 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male.
• Aged between 18-60.
• Healthy.
• Non smoker.
• Not taking antioxidant supplement.
• No known allergy or intolerance to tomato.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Female
• Aged below 18 or above 60 years old.
• Suffering and taking medications for hypertension (>140/90mmHg), diabetes, high blood cholesterol and heart problems (e.g. arrhythmia, high-grade stenosis of the carotid artery or carotid sinus syndrome).
• Taking antioxidant supplements.
• Smoking.
• Allergy to tomato or tomato products.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Red cherry tomato; 300 grams of red cherry tomatoes per day for four weeks (each)	Dietary supplement: Red cherry tomato; 300 grams of cherry tomatoes per day for four weeks (each)
Experimental: Yellow cherry tomato; 300 grams of yellow cherry tomatoes per day for four weeks (each)	Dietary supplement: Yellow cherry tomato; 300 grams of cherry tomatoes per day for four weeks (each)
No Intervention: Control No tomato; No tomato products consumption

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Flow mediated dilation (FMD)	To assess macrovascular endothelial function.	at 4 weeks
Laser doppler imaging (LDI)	To assess the microvascular endothelial function.	at 4 weeks
Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and pulse wave analysis (PWA)	To assess arterial stiffness	at 4 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Ambulatory blood pressure	24 hours blood pressure	at 4 weeks
Blood lipids	Total, LDL, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides	at 4 weeks
Interleukin-6 (IL-6)	Interleukin-6 (IL-6)	at 4 weeks
C-reactive protein (CRP)	C-reactive protein (CRP)	at 4 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Northumbria University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Jose Lara, PhD, Northumbria University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Cheng HM, Koutsidis G, Lodge JK, Ashor A, Siervo M, Lara J. Tomato and lycopene supplementation and cardiovascular risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis. 2017 Feb;257:100-108. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.01.009. Epub 2017 Jan 13.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 23, 2017
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 28, 2018
• Study Completion (Actual): February 28, 2018

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 3, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 3, 2017
• First Posted (Actual): July 6, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 6, 2018
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 5, 2018
• Last Verified: April 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: HLS-JLG-03-07-17

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No