Deferiprone to Delay Dementia (The 3D Study)

March 8, 2022 updated by: Neuroscience Trials Australia

Deferiprone to Delay Dementia (The 3D Study): a Clinical Proof of Concept Study

This study is a phase 2, randomised, placebo-controlled, multicentre study to investigate the safety and efficacy of Deferiprone in participants with Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease (pAD) and Mild Alzheimer's Disease (mAD). In this phase 2 study, the investigators aim to determine whether Deferiprone (15 mg/kg BID orally) slows cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients. As secondary outcomes, safety and iron levels in the brain will be evaluated.

Study Overview

Detailed Description

This Phase II study is designed as a randomised, double-blinded, placebo controlled, multi-centre study for subjects with evidence of amyloid positive pAD or mAD.

Participants will be assigned randomly to two groups (Group 1 Deferiprone (15mg/kg BID orally), Group 2: Placebo). Participants will have a 2 in 3 chance to be placed in the Deferiprone group.

The study will enrol approximately 171 participants over 4 sites in Australia. The overall duration for patients will be 54 weeks. This includes a 55-day screening period, and visits on Day 1, weeks 13, 26, 38,52, and a two-week follow-up visit.

Participants will be screened for the study after signing the approved informed consent form. As part of the 55-day screening phase, subjects will undertake an extensive medical and neurological assessments as well as a PET scan.

At the baseline visit, following the screening phase, blood and urine will be taken for safety monitoring and for measuring APOE-4 gene status. Baseline signs and symptoms will be collected. An MRI will be performed All patients will start with study medication at the Baseline visit.

Participants will return to the centre on Weeks 13, 26, 38, 52 (or early termination) to undertake a neurological examination as well as an assessment of blood samples taken at the visit.

Participants must also attend weekly blood tests.

SAE's, AE's and changes to concomitant medications will be observed and evaluated throughout the study. Each study visit will have a 7-day window after the due date to account for scheduling conflicts/holidays/weekends.

Participants will be given additional study product to account for the 7-day window.

Participants must attend the weekly pathology visits with a 3-day window of the scheduled date or risk termination from the trial.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Anticipated)

171

Phase

  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

    • New South Wales
      • Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia, 2113
        • KaRa Institute of Neurological Diseases
      • Waratah, New South Wales, Australia, 2298
        • Hunter New England Local Health District
    • Victoria
      • Box Hill, Victoria, Australia, 3128
        • Box Hill Hospital
      • Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia, 3084
        • Austin Health
      • Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3004
        • Alfred Hospital
      • Noble Park, Victoria, Australia, 3174
        • NeuroCentrix
      • Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3050
        • Royal Melbourne Hospital
    • Western Australia
      • Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia, 6009
        • Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

65 years and older (Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Able to provide written informed consent in accordance with federal, local and institutional guidelines. For subjects unable to provide written consent, consent will be provided by the Person Responsible per local regulations.
  2. Age ≥65 years, or ≥55 years if they have been diagnosed by a psychiatrist or neurologist with dementia, or if they have a validated previous positive amyloid PET scan.
  3. Weight between 40 and 120 kg
  4. Have an available caregiver
  5. Have ≥ 6 years of education (any) and able to follow testing instructions.
  6. Have visual and auditory acuity sufficient to perform neuropsychological testing.
  7. Have prior evidence of AD pathology, by a positive amyloid assessment, or amyloid PET scan.
  8. Demonstrate abnormal memory function in the last 6 months or at screening: International Shopping List Test (ISLT) >1.5 SD below the age adjusted mean
  9. Subjective or clinical history of retrospective cognitive decline ≥6 months
  10. Evidence of mild symptomatology, as defined by a screening MMSE score of ≥ 20 points
  11. Meet National Institute on Ageing/Alzheimer's Association Diagnostic Guidelines for Alzheimer's Disease (NIAAA) research criteria for mAD or pAD
  12. If receiving medication for symptomatic AD, have a stable dosing regimen for 3 months prior to screening.
  13. Females of Child Bearing Potential (FCBP) must have confirmed negative serum pregnancy test within the 21 days prior to randomization.
  14. FCBP and male subjects who are sexually active with FCBP must agree to use highly effective contraception during the study and until 90 days after the last dose of treatment (for sexually active male participants whose partners are FCBP) or until 30 days after the last dose of treatment (for women of childbearing potential participants).

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Clinically significant haematological disorder, including moderate or severe anaemia (blood haemoglobin <110 g/L, WHO definition)
  2. Iron deficiency (serum ferritin < 10 ng/mL)
  3. Clinically significant abnormal haematological results (sufficiently outside the normal range to warrant further investigation). Mild anaemia (haemoglobin ≥110 g/L) is not an exclusion.
  4. Clinically significant abnormal renal or liver function results (sufficiently outside the normal range to warrant further investigation)
  5. Presence of non-AD condition that may affect cognition, such as but not limited to Parkinson's Disease (PD), normal pressure hydrocephalus, sleep apnoea requiring O2 treatment
  6. Clinically evident vascular disease that could potentially affect the brain, such as but not limited to significant carotid or vertebral stenosis, aortic aneurysm, cerebral haemorrhage
  7. History of any stroke in the past 2 years, or transient ischemic attack within the last 6 months
  8. History of persistent neurologic deficit, intracranial tumour or structural brain damage
  9. History of infection that could affect brain function (eg HIV and syphilis)
  10. Autoimmune disorders that potentially cause progressive neurologic disease with associated cognitive deficits, such as but not limited to multiple sclerosis, lupus
  11. Major psychiatric illness (depression is acceptable if patient has not had an episode within the past year or is considered in remission or controlled by treatment)
  12. A history of relapsing neutropenia.
  13. Presence of agranulocytosis or with a history of agranulocytosis
  14. Known hypersensitivity to DFP or excipients.
  15. Alcohol and/or substance abuse
  16. MRI evidence of clinically-significant cerebrovascular pathology. Focal white matter lesions, ≤ 2 lacunar infarcts in non-critical sites and other minor pathology assessed by the investigator to not be causing the current cognitive impairment, will not lead to exclusion.
  17. Active major medical illness
  18. FCBP not using adequate method of contraception or who is pregnant or nursing
  19. Inability to provide informed consent
  20. Participation in another clinical trial within 3 months prior to inclusion in the study
  21. Subjects for whom MRI is contraindicated (severe claustrophobia, pacemaker, incompatible surgical material, unmovable electronic pump implant)
  22. Negative amyloid PET scan or CSF in the last 2 years.
  23. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (scores > 8/21 are disqualified).
  24. Subject cannot commit to regular blood tests with the interval between tests not exceeding 10 days from the scheduled visit for the duration of the study.
  25. Subject has planned surgery which does not permit regular blood tests with the interval between tests not exceeding 10 days from the scheduled visit.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Deferiprone
Patients will orally receive the equivalent 15 mg/kg of 600mg delayed release Deferiprone tablets twice daily.
The active substance, Deferiprone, is a member of the 3-hydroxypyrid-4-one class of iron chelators, which have a high affinity for ferric iron, binding it in a 3:1 (Deferiprone:iron) molar ratio.
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
Patients will receive matching placebo tablets designed to mimic the experimental treatment, twice daily
The placebo will mimic the Deferiprone arm in every way, except the placebo will not include the active ingredient

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Efficacy of Deferiprone
Time Frame: 12 months
Comparison of the efficacy of Deferiprone (15 mg/kg) administered orally twice a day with a matching placebo in subjects with pAD (MCI with brain amyloid pathology) or mAD at 12 months relative to baseline. This will be measured by a series of paper and electronic assessments called the NTB
12 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (Safety and Tolerability)
Time Frame: 12 months
Safety and tolerability will be assessed by the incidence and severity of AEs and changes from baseline of all relevant parameters, including clinical laboratory values, vital signs, ECG and other safety biomarkers. Severity of AEs will be assessed according to the National Cancer Institute-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE), Version 4.03. All subjects will be monitored for AEs until resolution.
12 months
Brain Iron Levels
Time Frame: 12 months
Using MRI to compare iron levels in various brain regions of the Deferiprone and placebo treatment groups at baseline and 12 months.
12 months

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The effect of Deferiprone on the episodic memory, executive function and attention composites
Time Frame: 12 months
Measured by scores on the NTB at 12 months relative to baseline
12 months
The Association with Iron levels in the Brain and Cognitive Decline
Time Frame: 12 months
Using MRI to evaluate if cognitive performance is associated with a change in iron levels over a 12-month period relative to baseline.
12 months
The Potential for Brain Iron Load to be Used to Stratify Responsiveness to Deferiprone
Time Frame: 12 months
Measured by baseline iron MRI and change in cognitive ability from baseline at 12 months.
12 months
The Potential for APOE Genotype to be Used to Stratify Responsiveness to Deferiprone
Time Frame: 12 months
Measured by APOE genotype and changes in cognitive ability from baseline at 12 months
12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Ashley I. Bush, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

January 19, 2018

Primary Completion (Anticipated)

September 1, 2022

Study Completion (Anticipated)

September 1, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

July 23, 2017

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 26, 2017

First Posted (Actual)

July 31, 2017

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 23, 2022

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 8, 2022

Last Verified

December 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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