Feasibility of Outpatient Closed Loop Control With the iLet Bionic Pancreas in Cystic Fibrosis Related Diabetes

Feasibility of Outpatient Automated Blood Glucose Control With the iLet Bionic Pancreas for Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis Related Diabetes

The current study is designed to test the feasibility of the a wearable bionic pancreas system that automatically delivers insulin and glucagon can provide superior regulation of glycemia versus usual care for adults and children with cystic fibrosis related diabetes.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Cystic Fibrosis-related Diabetes
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Usual Care; Device: Bionic Pancreas

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 22
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Massachusetts
    • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02114
      • Massachusetts General Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 10 years and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion criteria

• Age >/= 10 years and have had a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD) managed using either an insulin pump or multiple daily injections (MDI).
• Mean continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) glucose >/=125 mg/dl as determined by the participant's personal CGM 30-day download if CGM is used as part of their usual care. If the participant does not use CGM, hemoglobin A1c >/= 6% within the last 6-months from available medical records will be required.
• Minimum insulin requirement of >/=0.1u/kg/day. To ensure that participants with a wide range of insulin requirements are included, participants whose insulin requirement is <0.3u/kg/day will be limited to approximately 1/3 of the enrolled >/=18 year old adult cohort.
• Willing to wear iLet infusion sets and one Dexcom CGM sensor and change sets at least every other day in the iLet arm
• Assent will be obtained for patients <18 of age

Exclusion criteria

• Diabetes from etiologies other than CFRD
• Unable to provide informed consent (e.g. impaired cognition or judgment)
• Unable to safely comply with study procedures and reporting requirements (e.g. impairment of vision or dexterity that prevents safe operation of the bionic pancreas, impaired memory, unable to speak and read English)
• Current participation in another clinical trial that, in the judgment of the principal investigator, will compromise the results of this study or the safety of the participant

• Pregnancy (positive urine HCG), breast feeding, plan to become pregnant in the next 3-months, or sexually active without use of contraception

  o Participants must use acceptable contraception for the two weeks prior to the study, throughout the study and for the two weeks following the study.

• History of hypoglycemic seizures (grand-mal) or coma in the last year
• Untreated or inadequately treated mental illness (indicators would include symptoms such as psychosis, hallucinations, mania, and any psychiatric hospitalization in the last year), or treatment with anti-psychotic medications that are known to affect glucose regulation.
• Unable to avoid hydroxyurea for duration of study (interferes with accuracy of Dexcom G6 CGM)

• Unable to avoid taking higher than the maximum dose of acetaminophen from all sources for the duration of the study (interferes with accuracy of Dexcom G6 CGM)

  • Adult: 1 g every 6 hours, up to 4 g every 24 hours
  • Pediatric: 75 mg/kg/day in up to 5 doses, not to exceed 4000 mg/day
• Have started or stopped a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator in the past 4 weeks.
• Established history of allergy or severe reaction to adhesive or tape that must be used in the study
• History of eating disorder within the last 2 years, such as anorexia, bulimia, or diabulemia or omission of insulin to manipulate weight
• Use of oral (e.g. thiazolidinediones, biguanides, sulfonylureas, glitinides, DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT-2 inhibitors) or non-insulin injectable (GLP-1 agonists, amylin) anti-diabetic medications
• History of lung or liver transplant
• Anticipated lung transplant (on transplant list)
• No acute pulmonary exacerbation or hospitalizations within the past 4 weeks or treatment with IV antibiotics in the past 4 weeks.
• Any factors that, in the opinion of the principal investigator would interfere with the safe completion of the study
• History of severe liver disease, including cirrhosis or portal hypertension

• Presence of a medical condition or use of a medication that, in the judgment of the investigator, could compromise the results of the study or the safety of the participant. Conditions to be considered by the investigator may include the following:

  • Current alcohol abuse (intake averaging >3 drinks daily in last 30 days) or other substance abuse (use within the last 6 months of controlled substances other than marijuana without a prescription)
  • Unwilling or unable to refrain from drinking more than 2 drinks in an hour or more than 4 drinks in a day during the trial
  • Unwilling or unable or to avoid use of drugs that may dull the sensorium, reduce sensitivity to symptoms of hypoglycemia, or hinder decision making during the period of participation in the study (use of beta blockers will be allowed as long as the dose is stable and the participant does not meet the criteria for hypoglycemia unawareness while taking that stable dose, but use of benzodiazepines or narcotics, even if by prescription, may be excluded according to the judgment of the principal investigator)
  • Renal failure requiring dialysis
  • Any known history of coronary artery disease including, but not limited to, history of myocardial infarction, stress test showing ischemia, history of angina, or history of intervention such as coronary artery bypass grafting, percutaneous coronary intervention, or enzymatic lysis of a presumed coronary occlusion)
  • Congestive heart failure (established history of CHF, lower extremity edema, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, or orthopnea) oHistory of TIA or stroke
  • Seizure disorder, history of any non-hypoglycemic seizure within the last two years, or ongoing treatment with anticonvulsants
  • History of intentional, inappropriate administration of insulin leading to severe hypoglycemia requiring treatment

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Usual Care; Usual Care diabetes management: Patients will manage their diabetes using standard of care for diabetes as per their typical regimen including use of an insulin pump or injectable insulin. Usual care arm for 14 days. Patients will wear a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) during this arm	Other: Usual Care; Subjects will remain on home insulin regimen (either insulin pump or injectable insulin). Subjects in usual care will wear a study CGM even if in typical care does not include CGM use.
Experimental: Insulin only bionic pancreas; Insulin Only Bionic Pancreas diabetes management, a wearable bionic pancreas system that automatically delivers insulin using a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device, for 14 days.	Device: Bionic Pancreas; Bionic pancreas system: The bionic pancreas is an autonomous, self-learning system that requires only the subject's weight for initialization, and then autonomously adapts insulin dosing to maintain glycemic control. The bionic pancreas uses continuous glucose monitoring as input to the controller. The bionic pancreas can be used in a bi-hormonal configuration, administering both insulin and glucagon as well as an insulin only setting.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Percentage of Time in Glucose Target Range (70-180 mg/dl) as Determined by Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM) on Days 3-14	Percentage of time spent with CGM glucose values between 70 and 180 mg/dl	Days 3-14

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Percentage of Time Spent With CGM Glucose: < 54 mg/dl	Percentage of time spent with CGM glucose in this range	Days 3-14
Mean CGM Glucose	Average CGM glucose	Days 3-14
Percentage of Time Spent With CGM Glucose < 70 mg/dl	Percent of time the participant spent with CGM glucose in this range	Days 3-14
Percentage of Time Spent With CGM Glucose >180 mg/dL	The percent of time the participant spent with CGM glucose in this range	Days 3-14
Percentage of Time Spent With CGM Glucose > 250mg/dL	The percent of time the participant spent with CGM glucose in this range	Days 3-14
Standard Deviation	Standard deviation of participants' mean CGM glucose	Days 3-14
Coefficient of Variation	Coefficient of variation of CGM glucose values	Days 3-14
Number of Episodes of Self-reported Symptomatic Hypoglycemia	Number of episodes subjects reported experiencing symptoms of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)	Days 3-14
Number of Subjects With Mean CGMG <154 mg/dl	Number of subjects who achieve a mean CGM glucose < 154 mg/dl, which is the estimated average glucose for a hemoglobin A1c of 7% (ADA goal for therapy)	Days 3-14
Number of Subjects With Percentage of Time < 54 mg/dl < 1%	Number of subjects who have less than 1% percent of CGM glucose values < 54 mg/dl	Days 3-14
Number of Subjects With Percentage of Time < 54 mg/dl < 1% and Mean CGM Glucose < or Equal to 154 mg/dl	Number of subjects who have less than 1% percent of CGM glucose values < 54 mg/dl and also have a mean CGM glucose that is less than or equal to 154 mg/dl	Days 3-14
Number of Subjects With Time in Range (70-180 mg/dl) of 70% or Greater	Number of subjects who have 70% percent or more of their CGM glucose values between 70 and 180 mg/dl	Days 3-14

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Massachusetts General Hospital
• Collaborators: Beta Bionics, Inc.
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Melissa S Putman, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 26, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 29, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): June 29, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 21, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 22, 2017
• First Posted (Actual): August 23, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 20, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 13, 2023
• Last Verified: July 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: glucagon; insulin; cystic fibrosis; continuous glucose monitor; bionic pancreas
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Digestive System Diseases; Pathologic Processes; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Lung Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Genetic Diseases, Inborn; Pancreatic Diseases; Fibrosis; Diabetes Mellitus; Cystic Fibrosis; Gastrointestinal Agents; Pancrelipase
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2020P003452

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: De identified glucose data and microbiome data will be shared with research collaborators.
• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: STUDY_PROTOCOL; SAP

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: Yes