Oral Health and Risk Factors for Oral Disease

A 10 Year Longitudinal Study of Oral Health and Risk Factors for Oral Disease

Oral health has improved considerably in recent decades in Sweden, as well as in other countries. However, despite great improvements with regard to periodontal disease and dental caries in recent decades, global problems still persist, and as a consequence of retaining natural teeth high up in age, the risk for oral disease increases.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Quality of Life; Periodontal Diseases; Dental Caries
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: EpiWux

Detailed Description

Traditionally, the number of teeth has been a measure of good oral health, and the World Health Organization (WHO) stipulated goals of a minimum of 20 functional teeth at the age of 80 years have been reached in some industrialized countries. Oral Health means more than good teeth and is integral to general health. The relationship between oral and general health has been recognized. For example, periodontal disease is associated with diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. The severity of periodontal disease and number of teeth have been associated with an increased burden of cardiovascular disease.

There is a lack of longitudinal studies of oral Health and risk factors for oral disease.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 2500

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Sweden
  • Dalarna
    • Falun, Dalarna, Sweden, 79129
      • Kristina Edman

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 35 years to 85 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Individuals in age Groups 35, 50, 65, 75 and 85 years

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• None

Exclusion Criteria:

• None

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Adults; Age Groups 35, 50, 65, 75 and 85	Other: EpiWux; A cross-sectional and longitudinal study including a questionnaire and a clinical examination; Other Names: Oral Health

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Periodontal disease	The severity of alveolar bone loss are based on bone levels at interproximal sites as seen on radiographs in the premolar and molar regions in both jaws. The diagnostic categories are (1)'no bone loss', defined as normal alveolar bone height in the molar and premolar regions (i.e., a distance ≤2 mm between the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest (2) moderate bone loss, defined as alveolar bone loss >2 mm but not exceeding one-third of the length of the roots, or if angular bony defects/furcation defects degree II and III are present on two to three teeth in the molar-premolar region; and (3)'severe bone loss', defined as alveolar bone loss exceeding one-third of the length of the roots, or if angular bony defects/furcation defects degree II and III are present on more than three teeth in the molar and premolar regions.	10 years (2008-2018)
Periodontal disease	The severity of alveolar bone loss are based on bone levels at interproximal sites as seen on radiographs in the premolar and molar regions in both jaws. The diagnostic categories are (1)'no bone loss', defined as normal alveolar bone height in the molar and premolar regions (i.e., a distance ≤2 mm between the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest (2) moderate bone loss, defined as alveolar bone loss >2 mm but not exceeding one-third of the length of the roots, or if angular bony defects/furcation defects degree II and III are present on two to three teeth in the molar-premolar region; and (3)'severe bone loss', defined as alveolar bone loss exceeding one-third of the length of the roots, or if angular bony defects/furcation defects degree II and III are present on more than three teeth in the molar and premolar regions.	At one occasion (2018)
Risk factors for periodontal disease	A questionnaire is used to assess risk factors for periodontal disease.The outcome variables is: Education: Up to secondary school; University or college of higher learning Economy for dental care: No limited financial resources for dental care; Limited financial resources for dental care Marital status: Married/cohabitant; Single living Tobacco use: Current smoker; Former smoker	Ten years (2008-2018)
Dental caries	Number of teeth with dental caries	10 years (2008-2018)
Dental caries	Number of teeth with dental caries	At one occasion (2018)
Risk factors for dental caries	Number of teeth with dental caries	Ten years (2008-2018)
Oral Health Related Quality of Life	A 9-item survey instrument (Oral Impact on Daily Performance), using a five-point Likert scale, ranging from "never" (1), "less than once a month (2), 1-2 times a month (3), 1-2 times a week (4), and "every, or nearly every day" (5) was used. The questions are as follows: "during the past 6 months, how often have problems with your mouth or teeth caused any difficulty with: Eating and enjoying food; Speaking; Pronouncing clearly; Doing light physical activities; Cleaning teeth; Sleeping and relaxing; Smiling, laughing and showing teeth without embarrassment; Maintaining usual emotional state without being irritable; Carrying out major work or social role and enjoying contact with people	One occasion (2018)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Dalarna County Council, Sweden

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 1, 2018
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 30, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): January 31, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 31, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 4, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): September 6, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 15, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 14, 2023
• Last Verified: February 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Stomatognathic Diseases; Mouth Diseases; Tooth Demineralization; Tooth Diseases; Dental Caries; Periodontal Diseases
• Other Study ID Numbers: EpiWux

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No