An Efficacy and Safety Study of Ravulizumab in Adult Participants With NMOSD

A Phase 3, External Placebo-Controlled, Open-Label, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Ravulizumab in Adult Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD)

The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ravulizumab for the treatment of adult participants with NMOSD.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Neuromyelitis Optica; Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
• Intervention / Treatment: Biological: Ravulizumab

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 58
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Australia
  • Camperdown, Australia, 2050
    • Research Site
  • Fitzroy, Australia, 3065
    • Research Site
• Austria
  • Vienna, Austria, 1090
    • Research Site
• Canada
  • British Columbia
    • Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, V5G 2X6
      • Research Site
• Denmark
  • Aarhus, Denmark, 8200
    • Research Site
• France
  • Strasbourg, France, 67098
    • Research Site
• Germany
  • Berlin, Germany, 10117
    • Research Site
  • Leipzig, Germany, 04103
    • Research Site
  • München, Germany, 81675
    • Research Site
• Italy
  • Cefalù, Italy, 90015
    • Research Site
  • Gallarate, Italy, 21013
    • Research Site
  • Napoli, Italy, 80131
    • Research Site
  • Roma, Italy, 00133
    • Research Site
  • Rome, Italy, 00178
    • Research Site
• Japan
  • Chiba, Japan, 260-0877
    • Research Site
  • Fukuoka, Japan, 812-8582
    • Research Site
  • Kawagoe-shi, Japan, 350-8550
    • Research Site
  • Niigata, Japan, 951-8585
    • Research Site
  • Sendai, Japan, 980-8574
    • Research Site
  • Sendai, Japan, 983-8512
    • Research Site
• Poland
  • Katowice, Poland, 40-571
    • Research Site
  • Lódz, Poland, 90-324
    • Research Site
• South Korea
  • Goyang-si, South Korea, 10408
    • Research Site
  • Seoul, South Korea, 02841
    • Research Site
  • Seoul, South Korea, 03722
    • Research Site
  • Seoul, South Korea, 06351
    • Research Site
  • Seoul, South Korea, 143-729
    • Research Site
• Spain
  • Barcelona, Spain, 08036
    • Research Site
  • Madrid, Spain, 28040
    • Research Site
  • Málaga, Spain, 29010
    • Research Site
• United Kingdom
  • Oxford, United Kingdom, OX3 9DU
    • Research Site
• United States
  • Colorado
    • Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80045
      • Research Site
    • Fort Collins, Colorado, United States, 80528
      • Research Site
  • District of Columbia
    • Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States, 20007
      • Research Site
  • Florida
    • Miami, Florida, United States, 33136
      • Research Site
  • Massachusetts
    • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02114
      • Research Site
  • Minnesota
    • Rochester, Minnesota, United States, 55905
      • Research Site
  • Mississippi
    • Jackson, Mississippi, United States, 39216
      • Research Site
  • Missouri
    • St Louis, Missouri, United States, 63110
      • Research Site
  • Ohio
    • Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, 45219
      • Research Site
  • Texas
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
      • Research Site

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive and a diagnosis of NMOSD as defined by the 2015 international consensus diagnostic criteria.
2. At least 1 attack or relapse in the last 12 months prior to the Screening Period.
3. Expanded Disability Status Scale score ≤7.
4. Participants who enter the study receiving supportive immunosuppressive therapy must be on a stable dosing regimen of adequate duration prior to Screening.
5. Body weight ≥40 kilograms.
6. Contraceptive use by men or women should be consistent with local regulations regarding the methods of contraception for those participating in clinical studies.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of Neisseria meningitidis infection.
2. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (evidenced by HIV-1 or HIV-2 antibody titer).
3. Previously or currently treated with a complement inhibitor.
4. Use of rituximab or mitoxantrone within 3 months prior to Screening.
5. Use of IV immunoglobulin within 3 weeks prior to Screening.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental: Ravulizumab; During the Primary Treatment Period, all participants will receive open-label ravulizumab via intravenous (IV) infusion starting on Day 1. The end of the Primary Treatment Period will be triggered when the last enrolled participant completes between 26 and 50 weeks in the study (depending on the number of adjudicated On-Trial Relapse observed). After completion of the Primary Treatment Period, all participants will have the opportunity to continue receiving ravulizumab in the Long-Term Extension Period of the study. For each participant, the Long-Term Extension Period continues for up to 3 years, or until ravulizumab is approved and/or available (in accordance with country-specific regulations), whichever occurs first.

Biological: Ravulizumab; Participants will receive a weight-based loading dose of ravulizumab via IV infusion on Day 1, followed by weight-based maintenance doses on Day 15, then once every 8 weeks until end of the Long-Term Extension Period.; Other Names: Ultomiris; ALXN1210

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of Participants With an Adjudicated On-trial Relapse in the Primary Treatment Period	An On-trial Relapse was defined as a new onset of neurologic symptoms or worsening of existing neurologic symptoms with an objective change (clinical sign) on neurologic examination that persisted for more than 24 hours as confirmed by the treating physician. An adjudicated On-trial Relapse was defined by the protocol and positively adjudicated by the independent relapse adjudication committee.	Baseline up to 2.25 years (end of the Primary Treatment Period)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Adjudicated On-trial Annualized Relapse Rate (ARR) in the Primary Treatment Period	The adjudicated On-trial ARR was computed as the total number of relapses divided by the total number of participant years in the study period. A central independent committee was used to adjudicate all On-trial Relapses as determined by the treating physician. Results reported as adjusted adjudicated On-trial ARR based on a Poisson regression centered on the mean historical ARR in the 24 months prior to screening.	Baseline up to 2.25 years (end of the Primary Treatment Period)
Number of Participants With Clinically Important Change From Baseline in Hauser Ambulation Index (HAI) Score at the End of Primary Treatment Period	The HAI is a rating scale developed to assess mobility by evaluating the time and degree of assistance required to walk 25 feet. The scale ranges from 0 to 9, with 0 being the best score (asymptomatic; fully ambulatory with no assistance) and 9 being the worst (restricted to wheelchair; unable to transfer self independently). Clinically important change is conditional on the baseline value: worsening if the baseline HAI is 0 and at least 2 points increase or if the baseline HAI is >0 and at least 1 point increase; improvement if the baseline value is at least 2 and at least 1 point decrease; and stable if baseline is 0 or 1 and a 0- or 1-point increase or decrease or baseline is at least 2 and not change.	Baseline up to 2.25 years (end of the Primary Treatment Period)
Change From Baseline in European Quality of Life Health 5-dimension Questionnaire (EQ-5D) Index Score at the End of Primary Treatment Period	The EQ-5D is a generic, standardized, self-administered instrument that provides a simple, descriptive profile and a single index value for health status. It consists of 2 parts; the EQ-5D descriptive system and the EQ-5D visual analogue scale (VAS). The EQ-5D descriptive system includes 5 dimensions; mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Each dimension measured on 3 levels: "no problem" (level 1), "some problems" (level 2), "extreme problems" (level 3). The digits for 5 dimensions can be combined in a 5-digit number describing the respondent's health state. The 5 dimensional 3-level systems was converted into single index utility score that ranges from less than 0 to 1, with higher scores representing a better health status.	Baseline, up to 2.25 years (end of the Primary Treatment Period)
Change From Baseline in EQ-5D Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Score at the End of Primary Treatment Period	The EQ-5D is a generic, standardized, self-administered instrument that provides a simple, descriptive profile and a single index value for health status. It consists of 2 parts; the EQ-5D descriptive system and the EQ-5D visual analogue scale (VAS). The EQ-5D VAS is an overall health state scale where the participant selects a number between 0 to 100 to describe the condition of their health, with 100 being 'The best health state you can imagine' and 0 being 'The worst health state you can imagine'. An increase in score indicates improvement.	Baseline, up to 2.25 years (end of the Primary Treatment Period)
Number of Participants With Clinically Important Worsening From Baseline in Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) Score at the End of Primary Treatment Period	Disease-related disability was measured by the EDSS. The EDSS is an ordinal clinical rating scale that ranges from 0 (normal neurologic examination) to 10 (death) in half-point increments. Clinically important worsening was defined as an increase in EDSS score conditional on the baseline value: If the baseline EDSS was 0 and at least 2-point increase; if the baseline is 1 to 5, and at least 1-point increase; if the baseline is > 5 and at least 0.5 increase.	Baseline up to 2.25 years (end of the Primary Treatment Period)
Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs), Treatment-emergent Serious Adverse Events (TESAEs), and TEAEs Leading to Study Drug Discontinuation in the Primary Treatment Period	An AE was as any untoward medical occurrence associated with the use of a drug in humans, whether or not considered drug related. An SAE was an AE that met at least 1 of the following criteria: resulted in death, was life-threatening, required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization for the AE, persistent or significant disability/incapacity or substantial disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, congenital anomaly/birth defect (in the child of a participant who was exposed to the study drug), important medical event or reaction. TEAEs were AEs with a start date on or after the date of the first dose of study drug. A summary of all Serious Adverse Events and Other Adverse Events (nonserious) regardless of causality is located in the 'Reported Adverse Events' Section.	Baseline up to 2.25 years (end of the Primary Treatment Period)
Serum Ravulizumab Concentration		Predose and end of infusion (EOI) at Week 26
Number of Participants With Anti-drug Antibodies (ADAs) During the Primary Treatment Period		Baseline, Weeks 26, 50, 82, and 106
Change From Baseline in Serum Free C5 Concentration at Week 26		Baseline, Week 26 (Predose and EOI)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Ortiz S, Pittock SJ, Berthele A, Levy M, Nakashima I, Oreja-Guevara C, Allen K, Mashhoon Y, Parks B, Kim HJ. Immediate and sustained terminal complement inhibition with ravulizumab in patients with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Front Neurol. 2024 Jan 31;15:1332890. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1332890. eCollection 2024.

Helpful Links

• Related Info

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): December 9, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 15, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): October 31, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 11, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 13, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): December 17, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimated): October 14, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 24, 2025
• Last Verified: September 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Relapse; Ravulizumab; Optic Neuritis; Transverse Myelitis; NMO; Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder; Neuromyelitis Optica; ALXN1210; Ultomiris; CNS Autoimmune Disorders; NMOSD; Devic's Disease; Demyelinating Disorders
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neuroinflammatory Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Pathologic Processes; Neoplasms by Site; Neoplasms; Disease Attributes; Autoimmune Diseases; Immune System Diseases; Infections; Eye Diseases; Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS; Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System; Nervous System Neoplasms; Paraneoplastic Syndromes; Optic Nerve Diseases; Cranial Nerve Diseases; Spinal Cord Diseases; Central Nervous System Infections; Myelitis; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Recurrence; Neuromyelitis Optica; Demyelinating Diseases; Optic Neuritis; Myelitis, Transverse; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunologic Factors; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Complement Inactivating Agents; ravulizumab
• Other Study ID Numbers: ALXN1210-NMO-307; CHAMPION-NMO-307 (Other Identifier: Alexion Pharmaceuticals); 2019-003352-37 (EudraCT Number)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No