Is COVID-19 Transmitted Through Human Milk? Implications for Breastfeeding and Human Milk Banking-Study 1a

June 3, 2025 updated by: Deborah O'Connor
The Canadian Paediatric Society recommends breastfeeding during COVID-19 infection. Human milk is the best form of infant nutrition providing significant protection against many illnesses for term and preterm infants. The impact of a pandemic on breastfeeding is unknown. This study seeks to address this public health issue. Breastmilk will be collected from mothers positive for COVID-19. Samples will be analyzed for the COVID-19 virus specific nucleic acid and antibody in real-time and results will be immediately disseminated to relevant organizations to inform local, national and international guidelines surrounding breastfeeding to protect the health of infants.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

59

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Canada
    • Ontario
      • Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 1X5
        • Sinai Health System
      • Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8
        • University of Toronto

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Community sample

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Current COVID-19 positive status or COVID-19 positive status during pregnancy
  • Intent to breastfeed or currently breastfeeding

Exclusion Criteria:

- None

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
Breastfeeding mothers positive for COVID-19
Other: COVID-19
Exposure of interest for this observational study is current COVID-19 positive status or COVID-19 positive status during pregnancy

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Presence of SARS-CoV-2 in breastmilk
Time Frame: 2-6 months
To describe the presence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in human milk samples collected from mothers positive for COVID-19
2-6 months
SARS-CoV-2 antibody in breastmilk
Time Frame: 2-6 months
To describe the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody in human milk samples collected from mothers positive for COVID-19
2-6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Deborah O'Connor

Collaborators

University of Toronto
Sinai Health System

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

May 24, 2020

Primary Completion (Actual)

January 27, 2023

Study Completion (Actual)

April 27, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 29, 2020

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 29, 2020

First Posted (Actual)

July 1, 2020

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

June 6, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 3, 2025

Last Verified

June 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 39373-a

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Clinical Trials on SARS-CoV2

Clinical Trials on COVID-19

Search Similar Trials

Sponsors and Collaborators

Medical Conditions

Drug Interventions

CROs by country

CROs in Bangladesh

Conditions

Rare Diseases

Drug Interventions

Dietary Supplements

Sponsor/Collaborators

Locations

Subscribe