Study to Assess the Effect on Glucose Homeostasis of Two Dose Levels of AZD9567, Compared to Prednisolone, in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

A Phase 2a Randomised, Double Blind, Multi-centre Study to Assess the Effect on Glucose Homeostasis of Two Dose Levels of AZD9567, Compared to Prednisolone, in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

The study is intended to assess the effect on glycaemic control of AZD9567, as measured by the glucose AUC(0-4) versus baseline following a standardised mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT), compared to prednisolone in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study will also evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of AZD9567.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: AZD9567; Drug: Prednisolone; Other: Placebo

Detailed Description

This is a randomised, double blind, multi-centre, double dummy, and two-way cross-over study.

There will be a total of three cohorts. Each cohort will be treated for two 72-hour periods in a cross-over design, with a 3-week washout period between treatment periods. The total length of participant engagement (from screening to follow-up) is 79 days.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 46
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Germany
  • Mainz, Germany, 55116
    • Research Site
  • Mannheim, Germany, 68167
    • Research Site
  • Neuss, Germany, 41460
    • Research Site

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 14 years to 71 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Participants with diagnosis of T2DM for 6 months prior to screening: HbA1c in the diabetes range or fasting plasma glucose 126 -220 mg/dL.
• On stable metformin therapy for at least 4 weeks, where no significant dose change (increase or decrease ≥ 500 mg/day) has occurred prior to screening and HbA1c 6% - 9.5%, or on dual therapy with metformin in combination with SGLT2i or DPP4i and HbA1c 6% - 8%. Participants on dual therapy will require 2 weeks wash-out of SGLT2i or DPP4i.
• Venous access suitable for multiple cannulations
• Contraceptive use by men should be consistent with local regulations regarding the methods of contraception for those participating in clinical studies.
• Female participants must be not lactating and not of childbearing potential.
• If sexually active, nonsterilized males who have a female partner of childbearing potential must practice effective contraceptive measures.
• Capable of giving signed informed consent.
• Provision of informed consent prior to any study specific procedures.

Exclusion Criteria:

• History or presence of type 1 diabetes.
• History of severe hypoglycaemia or hypoglycaemia unawareness within the last 6 months.
• History or presence of diabetic foot ulcers
• Participants with advanced diabetic complications.
• History of clinically significant lactic acidosis or ketoacidosis following diagnosis with T2DM.
• History of, or known significant infection or positivity at Visit 1, including hepatitis A, B, or C, HIV, tuberculosis that may put the participant at risk during participation in the study.
• History and / or presence of COVID-19.
• Donation of blood (≥ 450 mL) within 3 months or donation of plasma within 14 days before Visit 1.
• History of or current alcohol or drug abuse (including marijuana), as judged by the investigator.
• Previous psychiatric disorders.
• Any latent, acute, or chronic infections or at risk of infection, or history of skin abscesses within 90 days prior to the first administration of investigational medicinal product (IMP) at the discretion of the investigator.
• History of adrenal insufficiency.
• History or current inflammatory disorder.
• Any other condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with evaluations of the IMP or interpretation of participant safety or study results.
• History of severe allergy/hypersensitivity to AZD9567 or any of the excipients of the product, or ongoing clinically important allergy/hypersensitivity as judged by the investigator.
• Oral or parenteral steroids 8 weeks prior to randomisation and during the study. Topical and inhaled steroids 4 weeks prior to randomisation are acceptable.
• Use of any prohibited medication during the study or if the required washout time of such medication was not adhered to.
• Receipt of live or live attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks prior to the first administration of IMP.
• Planned in-patient surgery, major dental procedure, or hospitalisation during the study.
• Previous participation or participation in any other research study within 1 month prior to Visit 1.
• Patient treated with any investigational drug within 30 days (or 5 half-lives, whichever is longer) prior to Visit 1.
• Uncontrolled hypertension (BP > 160 mmHg systolic or > 95 mmHg diastolic).
• Diagnosis of heart failure and current symptoms regardless of definition, ie, HfpEF, HfrEF.
• Acute coronary syndrome / unstable angina, coronary intervention procedures (percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft) within the past 6 months.
• Stroke within the past 3 months.
• QTcF > 470 ms or family history of long QT-syndrome.
• AV-block II-III or sinus node dysfunction with significant pause, not treated with pacemaker.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Cohort 1; Participants will be randomised in a ratio of 1:1 to receive AZD9567 and prednisolone over two 72 hour periods in a cross over design (72 mg AZD9567 followed by 40 mg prednisolone [AB sequence group] or 40 mg prednisolone followed by 72 mg AZD9567 [BA sequence group]).	Drug: AZD9567; Participants will receive 72 mg/day (oral suspension) of AZD9567 for 3 consecutive days of each treatment period in Cohort 1 and 40 mg/day for 3 consecutive days of each treatment period in Cohort 2.; Drug: Prednisolone; Participants will receive 40 mg/day of prednisolone for 3 consecutive days of each treatment period in Cohort 1, 20 mg/day of prednisolone for 3 consecutive days of each treatment period in Cohort 2, and 5 mg/day prednisolone for 3 consecutive days of each treatment period in Cohort 3.
Experimental: Cohort 2; Participants will be randomised in a ratio of 1:1 to receive AZD9567 and prednisolone over two 72 hour periods in a cross over design (40 mg AZD9567 followed by 20 mg prednisolone [AB sequence group] or 20 mg prednisolone followed by 40 mg AZD9567 [BA sequence group]).	Drug: AZD9567; Participants will receive 72 mg/day (oral suspension) of AZD9567 for 3 consecutive days of each treatment period in Cohort 1 and 40 mg/day for 3 consecutive days of each treatment period in Cohort 2.; Drug: Prednisolone; Participants will receive 40 mg/day of prednisolone for 3 consecutive days of each treatment period in Cohort 1, 20 mg/day of prednisolone for 3 consecutive days of each treatment period in Cohort 2, and 5 mg/day prednisolone for 3 consecutive days of each treatment period in Cohort 3.
Active Comparator: Cohort 3; Participants will be randomised in a ratio of 1:1 to receive placebo and prednisolone over two 72 hour periods in a cross over design (placebo followed by 5 mg prednisolone [AB sequence group] or 5 mg prednisolone followed by placebo [BA sequence group]).	Drug: Prednisolone; Participants will receive 40 mg/day of prednisolone for 3 consecutive days of each treatment period in Cohort 1, 20 mg/day of prednisolone for 3 consecutive days of each treatment period in Cohort 2, and 5 mg/day prednisolone for 3 consecutive days of each treatment period in Cohort 3.; Other: Placebo; Participants will receive placebo for 3 consecutive days of each treatment period in Cohort 3.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change From Baseline in Glucose Area Under the Plasma Concentration Versus Time Curve From Zero to 4 Hours Post-dose AUC(0-4)	The change from baseline in glucose AUC(0-4) was analysed to determine the Pharmacodynamic (PD) effect of AZD9567 compared to Prednisolone following a standardised Mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT). In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Days -1 (baseline), and Days 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Mean Glucose Level as Determined Via the Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) System	The mean glucose levels in mmol/L at 48-72 h was analysed to determine the effect of AZD9567 on CGM compared to prednisolone. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	48 to 72 hours
Rise in Mean Glucose Levels Over 24-hour Periods From Start of IMP Dosing	The mean glucose level in mmol/L was analysed to determine the effect of AZD9567 on CGM compared to prednisolone. For the calculation of the rise in mean glucose levels, the baseline was the average of the values from -24 hours to first dosing on Day 1 of each period. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	Baseline and up to 72 hours (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline in Fasting Glucose	Pharmacodynamic effects (fasting glucose) of AZD9567 following a MMTT were evaluated as compared to prednisolone. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline AUC(0-4) on Hormones Related to Glucose Homeostasis (Insulin)	Effects of AZD9567 on insulin AUC(0-4) were assessed following MMTT compared to prednisolone. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline AUC(0-4) on Hormones Related to Glucose Homeostasis (Glucagon)	Effects of AZD9567 on glucagon AUC(0-4) were assessed following MMTT in comparison to prednisolone. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline AUC(0-4) on Hormones Related to Glucose Homeostasis (Glucagon-like Peptide-1 [GLP-1])	Effects of AZD9567 on GLP-1 AUC(0-4) were assessed following MMTT in comparison to prednisolone. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline AUC(0-4) on Hormones Related to Glucose Homeostasis (Glucose-dependent Insulin Releasing Polypeptide [GIP])	Effects of AZD9567 on GIP AUC(0-4) were assessed following MMTT in comparison to prednisolone. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline in AUC(0-4) on C-peptide	Effects of AZD9567 on C-peptide AUC(0-4) were assessed through a MMTT in comparison to prednisolone. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline in Ratio of Insulin to Glucose Level Between 10 and 0 Minutes (ΔI10/ΔG10)	Effects of AZD9567 on ΔI10/ΔG10 of beta cell function from the MMTT compared to Prednisolone was evaluated. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline in Ratio of Insulin to Glucose Level Between 30 and 0 Minutes [ΔI30/ΔG30])	Effects of AZD9567 on ΔI30/ΔG30 of beta cell function from the MMTT compared to Prednisolone was evaluated. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline in Ratio of C-peptide to Glucose Level Between 10 and 0 Minutes (ΔC10/ΔG10)	Effects of AZD9567 on ΔC10/ΔG10 of beta cell function from the MMTT compared to Prednisolone was evaluated. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline in Ratio of C-peptide to Glucose Level Between 30 and 0 Minutes (ΔC30/ΔG30)	Effects of AZD9567 on ΔC30/ΔG30 of beta cell function from the MMTT compared to Prednisolone was evaluated. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline in 24-hour Urinary Potassium Excretion	The concentration of potassium in urine was measured over 24 hours to determine the effect of AZD9567 on urinary potassium (U-K) excretion compared to prednisolone. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline in 24-hour Urinary Sodium Excretion	The concentration of sodium in urine was measured over 24 hours to determine the effect of AZD9567 on urinary-sodium (U-Na) excretion compared to prednisolone. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Area Under the Plasma Concentration Versus Time Curve From Zero to the Last Quantifiable Concentration (AUClast)	AUClast of AZD9567 following once daily dosing was evaluated.	Upto 30 hours post dose (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Area Under the Plasma Concentration Versus Time Curve From Zero to 24 Hours Post-dose [AUC(0-24)]	AUC(0-24) of AZD9567 following once daily dosing was evaluated.	24 hours post dose
Area Under the Plasma Concentration Versus Time Curve From Zero to 6 Hours Post-dose [AUC(0-6)]	AUC(0-6) of AZD9567 following once daily dosing was evaluated.	6 hours post dose
Maximum Observed Drug Concentration (Cmax)	Cmax of AZD9567 following once daily dosing was evaluated.	Upto 30 hours post dose (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Time to Reach Maximum Observed Drug Concentration (Tmax)	Tmax of AZD9567 following once daily dosing was evaluated.	Upto 30 hours post dose (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Terminal Elimination Half-life (t½λz)	t½λz of AZD9567 following once daily dosing was evaluated.	Upto 30 hours post dose (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Apparent Total Body Clearance of Drug From Plasma After Extravascular (CL/F)	CL/F of AZD9567 following once daily dosing was evaluated.	Upto 30 hours post dose (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Apparent Volume of Distribution Following Extravascular Administration (Vz/F)	Vz/F of AZD9567 was derived using standard non-compartmental methods using WinNonLin version 8.1 or higher (Certara).	Upto 30 hours post dose (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNFα) Concentrations	Relationship between AZD9567 exposure and inhibition of LPS-stimulated TNFα release for high and low dose comparison (Cohort 1 and Cohort 2) was assessed. LPS-stimulated TNFα concentration was measured.	On Days 3 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline AUC(0-4) on Hormones Related to Glucose Homeostasis (Free Fatty Acids)	Effects of AZD9567 on free fatty acids were evaluated following a MMTT compared to prednisolone. In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline in Homeostatic Model Assessment- Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)	The HOMA-IR was calculated based on glucose and insulin measured prior to MMTT. HOMA-IR= Glucose(mmol/L) x Insulin (mU/L) / 22.5 HOMA-IR score estimates the degree of insulin resistance. Higher range indicates greater insulin resistance (i.e. high diabetes risk), while lower range indicates insulin sensitivity (i.e. low diabetes risk) In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Change From Baseline in HOMA-insulin Sensitivity (HOMA-S)	Insulin sensitivity is a term used to indicate the responsiveness of the peripheral tissue cells to insulin, and their resultant capacity to uptake glucose out of the bloodstream. HOMA-S score estimates the degree of insulin sensitivity. HOMA-S was calculated as the reciprocal of HOMA-IR. Higher values indicates greater insulin sensitivity (i.e. low diabetes risk), while lower values indicates insulin resistance (i.e. high diabetes risk) In Cohort 1 and 2, Placebo was not administered, therefore in Placebo row the participants analyzed is kept as 0. In Cohort 3, AZD9567 was not administered, therefore in AZD9567 row the participants analyzed is kept 0.	On Day -1 (Baseline), and Day 4 (Treatment period 1 and 2)
Number of Participants With Adverse Events	Safety and tolerability of AZD9567 was assessed.	From screening up to 79 days

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: AstraZeneca
• Collaborators: Parexel
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Tim Heise, Profil Institut für Stoffwechselforschung GmbH

Publications and helpful links

Helpful Links

• Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP)
• Protocol
• CSR Synopsis

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 26, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 9, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): June 9, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: September 15, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 15, 2020
• First Posted (Actual): September 21, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 18, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 2, 2024
• Last Verified: February 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Prednisolone; Pharmacodynamic; Glucose Homeostasis; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; AZD9567
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Glucocorticoids; Hormones; Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; Prednisolone
• Other Study ID Numbers: D6470C00005

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: Qualified researchers can request access to anonymized individual patient-level data from AstraZeneca group of companies sponsored clinical trials via the request portal. All request will be evaluated as per the AZ disclosure commitment: https://astrazenecagrouptrials.pharmacm.com/ST/Submission/Disclosure. Yes, indicates that AZ are accepting requests for IPD, but this does not mean all requests will be shared.
• IPD Sharing Time Frame: AstraZeneca will meet or exceed data availability as per the commitments made to the EFPIA Pharma Data Sharing Principles. For details of our timelines, please rerefer to our disclosure commitment at https://astrazenecagrouptrials.pharmacm.com/ST/Submission/Disclosure.

IPD Sharing Access Criteria

When a request has been approved AstraZeneca will provide access to the deidentified individual patient-level data in an approved sponsored tool. Signed Data Sharing Agreement (non-negotiable contract for data accessors) must be in place before accessing requested information.

Additionally, all users will need to accept the terms and conditions of the SAS MSE to gain access. For additional details, please review the Disclosure Statements at https://astrazenecagrouptrials.pharmacm.com/ST/Submission/Disclosure.

• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: STUDY_PROTOCOL; SAP

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No