Effect of Topical Application of Black Pepper Essential Oil and Peripheral Catheter Insertion

Effect of Topical Application of Black Pepper Essential Oil on Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Insertion: A Randomized Controlled Study

The investigators aimed to determine the effects of topical application of black pepper essential oil on peripheral intravenous catheter insertion success.This randomized controlled trial was carried out on 60 patients randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n=30) or the control group (n=30) reporting to the endoscopy unit of the clinic between May 2019 and October 2019. In the experimental group, black pepper essential oil was used to increase vein degree before the procedure, while in the control group, no extra interventions were applied. The time taken in determining an appropriate vein, time taken for successful catheter insertion, and the patient's and nurse's satisfaction after the process were recorded.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Patient Satisfaction; Vein; Spasm; Nurse Scope, Practice
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Topical essential oil application

Detailed Description

Introduction: The literature describes many techniques to increase vein visibility and palpability that facilitate peripheral intravenous catheter insertion. However, there is only one study examining the effect of topical essential black pepper oil on veins. The investigators aimed to determine the effects of topical application of black pepper essential oil on peripheral intravenous catheter insertion success.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial was carried out on 60 patients randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n=30) or the control group (n=30) reporting to the endoscopy unit of the clinic between May 2019 and October 2019. The study results were evaluated using an information form, a catheter insertion form, and a visual analog scale (VAS). In the experimental group, black pepper essential oil was used to increase vein degree before the procedure, while in the control group, no extra interventions were applied. The time taken in determining an appropriate vein, time taken for successful catheter insertion, and the patient's and nurse's satisfaction after the process were recorded via a chronometer.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 60
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Yalova, Turkey, 77200
    • Yalova University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Must be evaluable their veins as 1, 2 and 3 according to vein assessment scale Must be able to communicate

Exclusion Criteria:

Clinical diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease Clinical diagnosis of any other chronic illness (except cancer)

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Essential oil application group; The experimental group received 20% black pepper essential oil in a base of aloe vera gel applied topically to the forearm using a rollerball 10 min before venipuncture. Twelve swipes were applied using the rollerball applicator. The maximum dose of the black pepper/aloe vera gel mixture was 3 mL. Sphygmomanometer cuff was placed on the right arm, and the cuff was inflated until it reached the patient's diastolic blood pressure level. When the pointer reached the desired value, the period was commenced by the researcher. The nurse determined the right vein. After selecting the right vein, the period was ended as the nurse successfully placed a catheter.	Other: Topical essential oil application; We applied black pepper essential oil to the participants in experimental group before the catheter insertion procedure
No Intervention: Control group; Diastolic blood pressure and body temperature of the patients in the control group were measured. A sphygmomanometer cuff was placed on the arm that was not actively used by the patient. Until the cuff's pointer reached the diastolic blood pressure level of the patient, it was inflated. When the tip came to the desired value, the period was noted by the researcher. Without any extra attempts being made, the catheter was placed by the nurse. The period ended with the successful catheter placement by the nurse. Period of appropriate vein selection, the period of placing the catheter successfully, patient and nurse satisfaction were recorded.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Period of the appropriate vein selection and successful catheter placement	Time of the determining the appropriate vein and successful catheter placement	7 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Patients' and the nurses satisfaction level according to visual analog scale (0: I am not pleasured; 10: I am very pleasured)	Patients' and the nurses satisfaction from peripheral intravenous catheter placement	7 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Yalova
• Collaborators: Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Handan Eren, PhD, Yalova University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 2, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 9, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): January 1, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 25, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 10, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): March 15, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 16, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 12, 2021
• Last Verified: March 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: essential oil application; catheter insertion
• Other Study ID Numbers: Yalova University (Other Identifier: Yalova University Scientific Research Project)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: Undecided

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No