The Effect of Reiki on Anxiety, Stress, and Comfort

The Effect of Reiki on Anxiety, Stress, and Comfort Levels Before Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is a procedure that is used in the examination, diagnosis, and treatment of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. With developments in present-day technology, it is safe and widely used. This study's aim is to determine the effect of Reiki when applied before upper gastrointestinal endoscopy on levels of anxiety, stress, and comfort. This single-blind, randomized, sham-controlled study was held between February and July 2021.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Gastro-Intestinal Disorder; Reiki
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Reiki; Other: Sham reiki

Detailed Description

Anxiety and stress are problems that are often seen in patients undergoing upper GI endoscopy, and managing them is an important step in calming the patient and thereby reducing complications.The results of this study will contribute to the literature in forming a basis for other studies on the topic. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of the application of Reiki and sham Reiki on anxiety, stress, and comfort levels in patients undergoing upper GI endoscopy.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 159
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Mardin, Turkey, 47200
    • Hediye Utli

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion criteria

• patients who were having an upper GI endoscopy for the first time,
• patients who were age 18 or over,
• patients who had not previously had Reiki or sham Reiki (SR),
• patients who did not have a history of an operation in the previous six months,
• patients who were not using anxiolytic, hypnotic, or sedative drugs,
• patients who had no cognitive or effective problems or any hindrance in communication,
• patients who was literate, and who agreed to take part in the study.

Exclusion criteria

• patients who had an upper GI endoscopy with more than one elective condition,
• patients who was undergoing an emergency upper GI endoscopy,
• patients who were using anxiolytic, hypnotic, or sedative drugs,
• patients who had taken an opioid analgesic before the procedure,
• patients who completed the data collection forms incorrectly or incompletely,
• patients who had previously had Reiki or SR,
• patients who had a runny nose, fever, cough or any complaint of breathing difficulty,
• patients who were not literate and who did not wish to voluntarily participate.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Control
Experimental: Reiki; Experimental	Other: Reiki; Reiki
Sham Comparator: Sham reiki; Sham Comparator	Other: Sham reiki; sham Reiki

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Visual Analog Scale for Stress (VASS)	The VASS reliably assesses levels of perceived stress.The VASS used in this study is a horizontal line with two points labeled "No stress" and "High stress" at a distance of 0 and 10 cm from each other.	"Average of 1 year"
State Anxiety Inventory (SAI)	The SAI was developed by Spielberger et al., and the validity and reliability of the Turkish version were tested by Oner and Le Compte in 1974 to 1977.The highest possible score is 80, and the lowest is 20.	"Average of 1 year"
Short General Comfort Questionnaire (SGCQ)	The SGCQ was devised by Kolcaba et al. in 2006 and adapted to Turkish society by Citlik et al. in 2018. It consists of 28 items, and the items on the scale score between 28 and 168 in total.	"Average of 1 year"

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Mardin Artuklu University
• Investigators: Study Chair: Birgül VURAL DOĞRU, PhD, Mersin University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 2, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): April 1, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): April 1, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 5, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 12, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): April 13, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 19, 2025
• Last Verified: February 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Anxiety; Stress; Reiki; Nursing; Endoscopy; Comfort
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Gastrointestinal Diseases; Digestive System Diseases; Intestinal Diseases
• Other Study ID Numbers: Hediye

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO
• IPD Plan Description: After the research is published as an article, it will be shared with other researchers.

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No