Concurrent Training and Metabolic Profile, Lung Function, Quality of Life and Stress

February 21, 2024 updated by: Fernanda Maria Antunes da Silva, University of Coimbra

Effects of Concurrent Training on Metabolic Profile, Lung Function, Quality of Life and Stress in Sedentary Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Physical inactivity and sedentary time are highly prevalent worldwide and are associated with many adverse health outcomes. Workers adults spend two-thirds of their workday sitting, so they are particularly at risk. Exercise is considered a preventive and treatment tool for diseases, however, the effects of Concurrent Training (that is, aerobic plus resistance training) are not well established in healthy adults.

This research project aims to analyze the effects of a concurrent training program on metabolic profile, lung function, stress and quality of life, as well as body composition and physical fitness in sedentary adults.

This is a single-blinded two-arm RCT with parallel groups. After completion of baseline assessments, eligible participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to participate in concurrent training group or control group. Repeat assessments will be taken immediately post 8 weeks and post 16 weeks of intervention.

Study Overview

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

40

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact Backup

  • Name: University of Coimbra
  • Phone Number: 239 802 770

Study Locations

      • Coimbra, Portugal
        • Fernanda Silva

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

40 years to 64 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Men and women with ages between 40 to 64 years old
  • Physically inactive adults
  • Full-time workers in a sedentary job
  • BMI between 18 and 35 kg/m2
  • Maintain the current diet and undergo all testing procedures

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Chronic disease (e.g., diabetes, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease)
  • Cognitive impairments and/or psychiatric conditions that could interfere with the study outcomes
  • Take any medication that could interfere with the study outcomes
  • Limitations that prevent them from practicing exercise
  • History of heart failure/myocardial infarction
  • Uncontrolled or abnormal blood pressure
  • Smokers

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Concurrent Training Group
The experimental group will perform 16-weeks of the concurrent training exercise.

The experimental group will perform 16-weeks of exercise. The exercise sessions will occur three times/week.

The participants should conduct their daily activities as usual outside of the study and maintain the same diet.

No Intervention: Control Group
Maintain their usual habits/activities, including not participate in any type of physical exercise.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change from Baseline in the Lipid Profile at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
The levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, HbA1c, and glucose will be analyzed. These outcome measures have the same units of measure (mg/dL).
Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Change from Baseline in the Inflammatory Profile at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
The cytokines IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-10, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, adiponectin and leptin will be analyzed. These outcome measures have the same units of measure (pg/ml).
Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Change from Baseline in the Fasting Insulin at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Insuline will be expressed in mU/L.
Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Change from Baseline in the Blood Pressure at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
The systolic blood pressure (mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) will be measure through an automated oscillometric cuff.
Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Change from Baseline in Salivary Stress Hormones at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Salivary levels of cortisol, α-amylase, immunoglobulin A, and Lysozyme will be analyzed.
Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Change from Baseline in the Spirometric Values at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)

Spirometry will be performed to obtain the Forced Vital Capacity, Peak Expiratory Flow, and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1s.

These outcome measures have the same units of measure, i.e., %predicted.

Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Change from Baseline in the "Satisfaction with Life" at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
The "Satisfaction with Life Scale" questionnaire consists of 5-item formulated in the positive sense, that are answered using a 7-point Likert scale, where 1=strongly disagree and 7= strongly agree. Final scores range between 5 (low satisfaction) to 35 (high satisfaction).
Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Change from Baseline in the "Perceived Stress" at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
The Perceived Stress Scale measures the perception of stress. Seven out of the 14-items are considered negative and seven as positive rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Final scores range between 0 to 56 points, with a higher score representing higher stress.
Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Change from Baseline in the "36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36)" at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
The 36-Item Short Form Survey is a generic instrument to evaluate health-related quality of life. SF-36 comprises 36 questions that cover 8 domains of health. Response choices for the items were on 2-, 3-, 5- or 6-point scales. Two-component scores are derived from 8 subdomains: a physical component (PC) and a mental component (MC). Higher scores on all subscales represent better health and functioning (>50).
Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Change from Baseline in the "World Health Organization Quality of Life Instruments - Bref" at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
The World Health Organization Quality of Life Instruments - Bref, assesses the subjective quality of life and consists of 26 questions with responses on a 5-point Likert scale. Each domain is made up of questions where the scores vary between 1 and 5. The mean score in each domain represents the perception of the subject of their satisfaction with each aspect of quality of life. The higher the score, the better is their perception. There are no cut-points above or below which quality of life could be classified as "poor" or "good".
Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change from Baseline in the Body Composition at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Body weight (kg) and stature (cm) will be assessed to report BMI in kg/m^2. Values of skeletal muscle mass (kg) and fat mass (kg) will be determined using the tetrapolar bioimpedance (Inbody 270, USA).
Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Change from Baseline in the Cardiorespiratory Fitness at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Cardiorespiratory fitness will be assessed by the "Chester Step Test". The maximum test duration is 10 minutes (Level 5). VO2Max will be calculated by the CST software and expressed in mlso2/kg/min.
Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Change from Baseline in the Muscular Strength at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Handgrip strength will be measured by Jamar hand dynamometer. The test will be repeated twice with each hand. The score is the highest of the two readings (to the nearest kg).
Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Change from Baseline in the Flexibility at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)

Arms flexibility will be assessed by "Back Scratch test". Two attempts will be carried out on each side, and the result is the mean of the two measures.

Legs flexibility will be assessed by "Modified Sit-and-reach test". Two measurements will be performed, and the result is the mean of the two measures.

Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Change from Baseline in the Levels of Physical Activity at Week 16
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)

Sedentary time and physical activity levels (light, moderate and vigorous) will be assessed using a triaxial accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X, US).

These outcome measures have the same units of measure (min/day).

Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Maximal Dynamic Strength (Estimated 1 RM)
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 8)
Experimental group participants will perform incremental loading tests to estimated 1 RM in free weights exercises.
Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 8)
Assessment of Dietary Intake
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)
Dietary habits will be assessed using a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire.
Baseline (Week 0) to follow-up (Week 16)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

January 10, 2022

Primary Completion (Actual)

June 30, 2022

Study Completion (Actual)

September 10, 2022

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

April 24, 2021

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 27, 2021

First Posted (Actual)

April 30, 2021

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

February 22, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 21, 2024

Last Verified

February 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • FCDEF UC (CIDAF)
  • 2020.08759.BD (Other Grant/Funding Number: Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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