Safety and Efficacy of Erenumab-aooe in Patients With Temporomandibular Disorder

July 31, 2025 updated by: Domenick Zero, Indiana University

A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Single Center Phase 2 Pilot Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Off-label Subcutaneous Administration of Erenumab-aooe in Patients With Temporomandibular Disorder

The purpose of this proof of concept study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the off-label use of Aimovig® (EREN) in reducing Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) pain compared to placebo.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

This will be a 24-week, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel group proof-of-concept study with two arms (active and placebo). The plan is to enroll 30 subjects. There will be a four-week screening period to identify subjects that meet the diagnostic criteria (DC/TMD) for "myalgia", recommended by the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group. The Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders Symptom Questionnaire and DC/TMD Examination Form will be used during Screening and Baseline visits to confirm the TMD diagnosis and determine whether subjects meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria.

Subjects will attend a Screening visit followed by Baseline visit to randomize eligible subjects to active (EREN) or placebo (EREN-P). During the Baseline visit and Wks 4, 8, 12, and 16, subjects will receive treatment with either 140 mg of EREN or Placebo administered by subcutaneous injection. At Baseline and Wks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 subjects will be instructed to complete the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI); PEG (Pain, Enjoyment, General Activity) Scale; pain mediation assessment; Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) (except for Baseline visit); Jaw Function Limitation Scale (JFLS); Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4); and Somatic Symptom Scale (SSS-8). These visits will include review of continuance criteria and adverse event collection.

At the Screening and Baseline visits the subjects will be instructed on how to use the PEG Scale and pain use assessment app, which will be downloaded on their smartphone, to provide a daily assessment of their pain intensity and interference with enjoyment and general activity (PEG) and their daily used of pain medications. Subjects who do not own a smartphone or are unwilling to use the app on a daily basis will only complete the PEG and pain medication assessment at the Baseline visit and all subsequent visits using the app onsite.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

30

Phase

  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Indiana
      • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202
        • Indiana University School of Dentistry, Oral Health Research Institute

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 59 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Subjects eligible for inclusion in the study must meet all of the following criteria:

  1. Signed the informed consent;
  2. Have pain-related TMD myalgia assessed by history and clinical examination as established by the DC/TMD;
  3. Age 18 years and younger than 60 years;
  4. Have a good knowledge of the English language;
  5. Able to understand and comply with the study requirements;
  6. Have had TMD myalgia for 6 months or longer; and
  7. If taking pain medications, the dose regimen must be stable for at least 4 weeks prior to the screening visit.

Exclusion Criteria:

Subjects meeting any of the following criteria are not eligible for inclusion:

  1. Lacking stable bilateral posterior occlusion;
  2. Currently uses a complete maxillary or mandibular prosthetic denture;
  3. Currently pregnant or plan to become pregnant;
  4. Breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed;
  5. Allergic to erenumab-aooe or any of the ingredients in Aimovig® (acetate, polysorbate 80, and sucrose);
  6. Allergic to rubber or latex;
  7. Currently undergoing TMD treatment elsewhere;
  8. Currently undergoing orthodontic treatment;
  9. Currently included in other experimental protocols within the last 30 days before enrollment;
  10. Having 11 or more headaches during the past 4 weeks;
  11. Having received massage, acupuncture or physical therapy treatment of the head, neck or shoulders during the previous 3 months;
  12. History of unstable or acute severe pain from another pain condition;
  13. History of traumatic brain injury;
  14. History of surgical treatment or recommended surgical treatment for TMD;
  15. History of ongoing, unresolved disability litigation;
  16. History of drug abuse;
  17. History of moderate to severe sleep apnea requiring CPAP or oral mandibular repositioning appliance;
  18. Anything that would place the subjects at increased risk or preclude the individual's full compliance with or completion of the study (e.g., medical condition, laboratory finding, physical exam finding logistical complication); and
  19. History of previously receiving erenumab-aooe or other anti-CGRP therapies, including anti-CGRP and anti-CGRP receptor monoclonal antibodies and small molecule CGRP receptor antagonists (gepants).
  20. History of chronic constipation and/or using medication associated with decreased gastrointestinal motility.
  21. History of hypertension or risk factors for hypertension.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Triple

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Arm A
Arm A: erenumab-aooe (EREN) 140 mg s.c. administered every four weeks for a total of five treatments
Drug: Erenumab-aooe (EREN) 140 mg s.c. administered every four weeks for a total of five treatments
Erenumab-aooe (EREN) 140 mg s.c. administered at baseline and weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16 for a total of five treatments
Other Names:
  • Aimovig®
Placebo Comparator: Arm B
Arm B: placebo (EREN-P) s.c. administered every four weeks for a total of five treatments
Drug: Placebo (EREN-P) s.c. administered every four weeks for a total of five treatments
Placebo (EREN-P) s.c. administered at baseline and weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16 for a total of five treatments
Other Names:
  • Placebo

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Pain Severity at 20 Weeks
Time Frame: 20 weeks.
Assessment of pain severity using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) 4-item pain severity scale at 20 weeks: 0 (Better) - 10 (Worse). Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and post-treatment at 24 weeks (secondary outcome).
20 weeks.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Pain Interference at 20 Weeks
Time Frame: 20 weeks
Assessment of pain interference using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) 7-item pain intensity scale at 20 weeks: 0 (Better) - 10 (Worse). Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and post-treatment at 24 weeks (additional secondary outcome).
20 weeks
Average Daily Reported Pain Scores at 20 Weeks
Time Frame: 20 weeks
Assessment of pain using average of daily reported pain scores at 20 weeks; average of daily reported scores from days > week 16 and <= week 20. Pain scale: 0 (Better) - 10 (Worse). Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and post-treatment at 24 weeks (additional secondary outcome).
20 weeks
% of Days Taking Medication for Pain at 20 Weeks
Time Frame: 20 weeks
Assessment of pain using the % of days taking medication for pain at 20 weeks; percentage of days calculated from days > week 16 and <= week 20.Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and post-treatment at 24 weeks (additional secondary outcome).
20 weeks
Pain Improvement Using the Patient Global Impression of Change in Pain at 20 Weeks
Time Frame: 20 weeks
Assessment of pain improvement using the patient global impression of change in pain scale at 20 weeks: 1 (Better) - 7 (Worse). Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and post-treatment at 24 weeks (additional secondary outcome).
20 weeks
Jaw Function Limitation Scale (JFLS-8) at 20 Weeks
Time Frame: 20 weeks
Jaw Function Limitation Scale (JFLS-8) at 20 weeks: 0 (Better) - 10 (Worse).Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and post-treatment at 24 weeks (additional secondary outcome).
20 weeks
Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) at 20 Weeks
Time Frame: 20 weeks
Depressive and Anxiety symptoms using Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) at 20 weeks: 0 (Better) - 12 (Worse). Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and post-treatment at 24 weeks (additional secondary outcome).
20 weeks
Somatic Symptoms Scale (SSS-8) at 20 Weeks
Time Frame: 20 weeks
Assessment of somatic symptoms using the Somatic Symptoms Scale (SSS-8) at 20 weeks: 0 (Better) - 32 (Worse). Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and post-treatment at 24 weeks (additional secondary outcome).
20 weeks
Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Pain Severity at 24 Weeks
Time Frame: 24 weeks.
Assessment of pain severity using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) 4-item pain severity scale at 24 weeks: 0 (Better) - 10 (Worse). Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and end of treatment at 20 weeks (primary outcome).
24 weeks.
Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Pain Interference at 24 Weeks
Time Frame: 24 weeks
Assessment of pain interference using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) 7-item pain intensity scale at 24 weeks: 0 (Better) - 10 (Worse). Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and end of treatment at 20 weeks (additional secondary outcome).
24 weeks
Average Daily Reported Pain Scores at 24 Weeks
Time Frame: 24 weeks
Assessment of pain using average of daily reported pain scores at 24 weeks; average of daily reported scores from days > week 20 and <= week 24. Pain scale: 0 (Better) - 10 (Worse). Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and end of treatment at 20 weeks (additional secondary outcome).
24 weeks
% of Days Taking Medication for Pain at 24 Weeks
Time Frame: 24 weeks
Assessment of pain using the % of days taking medication for pain at 24 weeks; percentage of days calculated from days > week 20 and <= week 24. Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and end of treatment at 20 weeks (additional secondary outcome).
24 weeks
Pain Improvement Using the Patient Global Impression of Change in Pain at 24 Weeks
Time Frame: 24 weeks
Assessment of pain improvement using the patient global impression of change in pain scale at 24 weeks: 1 (Better) - 7 (Worse). Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and end of treatment at 20 weeks (additional secondary outcome).
24 weeks
Jaw Function Limitation Scale (JFLS-8) at 24 Weeks
Time Frame: 24 weeks
Jaw Function Limitation Scale (JFLS-8) at 24 weeks: 0 (Better) - 10 (Worse).Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and end of treatment at 20 weeks (additional secondary outcome).
24 weeks
Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) at 24 Weeks
Time Frame: 24 weeks
Depressive and Anxiety symptoms using Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) at 24 weeks: 0 (Better) - 12 (Worse). Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and end of treatment at 20 weeks (additional secondary outcome).
24 weeks
Somatic Symptoms Scale (SSS-8) at 24 Weeks
Time Frame: 24 weeks
Assessment of somatic symptoms using the Somatic Symptoms Scale (SSS-8) at 24 weeks: 0 (Better) - 32 (Worse). Interim assessments were performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and end of treatment at 20 weeks (additional secondary outcome).
24 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Indiana University

Collaborators

Amgen

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Harold C Avila, DDS, MS, Indiana University
  • Principal Investigator: Kurt Kroenke, MD, MACP, Regenstrief Institute, Inc.
  • Principal Investigator: Domenick T Zero, DDS, MS, Indiana University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

November 15, 2021

Primary Completion (Actual)

January 4, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

January 4, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

May 4, 2021

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 7, 2021

First Posted (Actual)

May 13, 2021

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

August 19, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 31, 2025

Last Verified

July 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 20-D-242
  • CAMG334AUS01T (Other Identifier: Novartis Investigator Initiated Trials (IITs) Program)

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

Yes

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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