Ethnic Variability in Glycemic and Hunger Satiety Response to Rice in Overweight Adults

Evidence has./ indicated increased risk of type 2 diabetes with white rice consumption in Asian population. It is shown that glycemic response to carbohydrate-containing food may differ in people of different ethnicities. The large increment in glucose concentration induced by high glycemic index food often exaggerates the body's anabolic responses, which facilitates the overproduction of insulin and eventually results in pancreatic beta-cell failure, causing type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Given that rice is the staple food of Asians and Emiratis, and extent to which rice influences postprandial glycemia could have potential relevance in the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

In this study, the investigators intend to compare the glycemic and hunger satiety response to rice among overweight Emiratis, Asians, and Caucasian. The primary objective of the study is to compare the glycemic (glucose) and hunger satiety (hormone ghrelin and peptide YY) response to glucose and rice among overweight Emiratis, Asians, and Caucasians.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Glycemic Response
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Food (rice)

Detailed Description

An increased incidence of type 2 diabetes is a characteristic feature of populations that have undergone nutritional transition. First seen in the developed Western world, the same pattern is now being observed in Middle East and Asian countries, and United Arab Emirates (UAE) is one of them. Although overconsumption of energy and accumulation of excess body fat is a common cause of type 2 diabetes, diet almost certainly has other unknown effects, and specific foods with particular adverse effects may have a direct role in the development of type 2 diabetes. Recent meta-analysis and systematic reviews have indicated increased risk of type 2 diabetes with white rice consumption in Asian population. It is shown that glycemic response to carbohydrate-containing food may differ in people of different ethnicities. Previous studies have shown that identical carbohydrate loads elicit 2-3 times larger postprandial peaks in Asians compared to Caucasians. Although there are comparative studies reported in this region. The large increment in glucose concentration induced by high glycemic index food often exaggerates the body's anabolic responses, which facilitates the overproduction of insulin and eventually results in pancreatic beta-cell failure, causing type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Given that rice is the staple food of Asians and Emiratis, and extent to which rice influences postprandial glycemia could have potential relevance in the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

In this study, the investigators intend to compare the glycemic and hunger satiety response to rice among overweight Emiratis, Indian, and Caucasian.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 20
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Sadiya; Phone Number: 00971637147345; Email: sadiya.amena@gmail.com
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Jakapure; Phone Number: 00971637147387; Email: vidya.jakapure@skmca.ae

Study Locations

• United Arab Emirates
  • Ajman, United Arab Emirates
    • Recruiting
    • Rashid Centre for Diabetes and Research
    • Contact: Amena Sadiya, PhD; Phone Number: +97167147345; Email: sadiya.amena@gmail.com
    • Principal Investigator: Amena Sadiya, Ph.D

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 55 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Participants willing to comply with study procedures and given written consent

  • Asian/Emirati/European ethnicity (both parents same ethnicity)
  • Body mass index between 24.9-29.9 kg/m2
  • Age 18-55 years
  • Fasting blood glucose <6.0 mmol/L

Exclusion Criteria:

• • Subjects with chronic diseases, including diabetes, untreated hypertension, renal impairment, gastrointestinal problems, post bariatric, known eating disorders

  • Use of medication affecting glucose metabolism
  • Recent changes in weight of > 5 % ove the past 3 months
  • On antibiotics for the past 3 weeks

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Oral glucose tolerance test; The volunteer will be performing the standardized oral glucose tolerance test with 75 gm of glucose. After an overnight fast of 10 hours the venous blood will be collected at fasting, 30, 60 and 120 minutes post-prandial and hunger-satiety scale recorded at the same interval.	Other: Food (rice); Cooked rice with 75 gm carbohydrate
Experimental: Post prandial response to Rice; The participants will be served cooked basmati rice (70-gram available glucose). After an overnight fast of 10 hours the venous blood will be collected at fasting, 30, 60 and 120 minutes post-prandial and hunger-satiety scale recorded at the same interval.	Other: Food (rice); Cooked rice with 75 gm carbohydrate

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
To compare the post prandial glucose response to oral glucose and rice among Emiratis, Asians, and Caucasian overweight adults	post prandial glucose response at baseline, 30, 60, 120 minutes, oral glucose tolerance test (75 gm glucose) Vs. post prandial glucose response to rice test (75 gm available glucose)	2 hours
To compare the post prandial insulin response to oral glucose and rice among Emiratis, Asians, and Caucasian overweight adults	post prandial insulin response at baseline, 30, 60, 120 minutes, oral glucose tolerance test (75 gm glucose) Vs. post prandial insulin response to rice test (75 gm available glucose)	2 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
To compare the post prandial hunger (ghrelin hormone) to oral glucose and rice among Asian, Emirati and European Caucasian overweight adults	post prandial ghrelin hormone response at baseline, 30, 60, 120 minutes, with oral glucose tolerance test (75 gm glucose) Vs. post prandial ghrelin hormone response to rice test (75 gm available glucose)	2 hours
To compare the post prandial satiety (peptide-yy hormone) to oral glucose and rice among Asian, Emirati and European Caucasian overweight adults	post prandial peptide -yy hormone response at baseline, 30, 60, 120 minutes, with oral glucose tolerance test (75 gm glucose) Vs. post prandial peptide-yy hormone response to rice test (75 gm available glucose)	2 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Rashid Centre for Diabetes and Research

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 1, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 30, 2022
• Study Completion (Anticipated): October 30, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 25, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 12, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): April 20, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 26, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 24, 2022
• Last Verified: October 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Body Weight; Overweight
• Other Study ID Numbers: SKMCA

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No