- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT05556161
Effects of the General Practitioners and Diabetes Specialists Co-management Model for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Effects of the General Practitioners and Diabetes Specialists Co-management Model for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in the Community: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Aim: This study constructs a general practitioners and diabetes specialists co-management model for patients with type 2 diabetes in the community based on the integration of prevention and treatment strategies. Also, the effectiveness of the model will be evaluated by a parallel randomized controlled trial design to provide theoretical support and empirical evidence for the development of a comprehensive management strategy for patients with type 2 diabetes.
Hypothesis: Compared to the control group, the intervention group receiving co-management by general practitioners and diabetes specialists has a greater improvement in HbA1c, fasting glucose, blood pressure, lipids, BMI, diabetes self-management ability, depression symptoms, diabetes distress, and diabetes complications-related indicators.
Recruiting: This study will recruit patients with type 2 diabetes who have established electronic health records in the community healthcare centers affiliated with the Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen. General practitioners at the community healthcare centers screen patients with type 2 diabetes under their care who are eligible for the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Following face-to-face communication, general practitioners explain the study objectives and procedures to patients and obtain their informed consent.
Before the start of the study, unified training will be conducted for the general practitioners involved in the recruitment so that they can clarify the inclusion and exclusion criteria, screening methods, and precautions regarding the study objects.
Randomization Procedure: Members of the research team served as the grouping scheme controllers of the randomization center. The Proc plan procedure of SAS 9.4 statistical software was used to generate random number sequences and grouping schemes according to a 1:1 assignment. For the patients with type 2 diabetes who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, general practitioners contacted randomization center staff members by telephone according to the patients' order of arriving at the community healthcare center and informed them of the patient's name and ID number. Then the randomization center staff recorded patient information, numbered the patients, and divided them into intervention group or control group according to the previously generated random number table. Finally, the randomization center staff informed patients' general practitioners of their grouping results.
Study design: The study includes three phases: baseline, intervention, and follow-up. All participants will be divided into intervention group and control group after completing the baseline survey. The implementation phase of the intervention will last 12 months. Patients in the intervention group will have daily blood glucose monitoring with a smart home blood glucose meter, as well as glycated hemoglobin testing at a community health center every three months. Each patient will be assigned a dedicated general practitioner to track the patient's blood glucose monitoring results. Based on the remote monitoring of blood glucose and HbA1c tests, general practitioners and specialists will jointly carry out management measures including health education, medication adjustment, outpatient consultation, referral, and case discussion for participants.
The control group will be routinely treated and followed up by general practitioners according to Chinese clinical guidelines and national norms for basic public health services.
Data collection and Management: Baseline and follow-up data were collected using questionnaires and physical examination record forms. The collected data was entered into Epidata software and imported into Statistical Analysis System(SAS) 9.4 for analysis. After the end of the experiment, the data will be stored in the database of our research group for a long time.
Study Type
Enrollment (Anticipated)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
-
-
Guangdong
-
Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, 518102
- Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for over 1 year according to the diagnostic criteria of diabetes formulated by the World Health Organization;
- Male or female residents aged 18-85 years;
- HbA1c measured within 6 months before enrollment was 7.0%-10.0%;
- Lived in the catchment and have established health records for at least 6 months, and have no plans to move out at present;
- patients used smartphones;
- Sign the informed consent and participate in the study voluntarily.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients used insulin within 1year before enrollment;
- patients with type 1 diabetes, Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults(LADA), gestational diabetes, patients with extremely poor islet function (fasting C-peptide < 0.1ng/ml) and patients with special type of diabetes;
- Patients used continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in the past 3 months;
- Patients with serious complications (such as Stage G5 of diabetic nephropathy, severe loss of vision or blindness due to diabetic retinopathy and patients without self-care ability due to diabetic foot amputation).
- Patients who suffered from serious mental illness or late stage of other serious diseases (such as malignant tumors, acute cardiovascular disease (like stroke, myocardial infarction), serious liver insufficiency, patients with history of diabetic ketoacidosis, patients with alcohol or drug abuse or dependence and patients with a history of cardiac surgery in the last 3 months;
- Patients with cognitive impairment, or patients unable to use mobile phones to answer calls.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Single
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Intervention Group
The 12-month general practitioners and diabetes specialists co-management will be received by intervention group participants.
|
Self-monitoring of blood glucose: Participants will monitor blood glucose with a a free intelligent home blood glucose meter. Then, the intelligent blood glucose meter will upload data to the platform. Glycosylated hemoglobin check: Participants will receive HbA1c test once every three months. Cooperative General Practitioner-Specialist Management: Based on the remote monitoring of blood glucose and HbA1c tests, general practitioners and specialists will jointly carry out management measures including health education, medication adjustment, outpatient consultation, referral, case discussion, etc. for participants. |
No Intervention: Control group
Routine primary health care will be received by control group participants during the course of the Study.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
HbA1c change
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
The change of HbA1c during the study.
The level of HbA1c in blood measured in %.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Fasting Plasma Glucose
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
The change of HbA1c during the study.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Total cholesterol
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
The change of total cholesterol during the study.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Triglycerides
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
The change of total triglycerides during the study.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
LDL-C
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
The change of LDL-C during the study.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
HDL-C
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
The change of LDL-C during the study.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Blood pressure
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
The change of blood pressure during the study.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
The change of BMI during the study.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Serum creatinine
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Clinically detecting serum creatinine is one of the main methods to understand renal function, and it is an important indicator of kidney function, and an elevated serum creatinine means the damage of kidney function.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Blood urea nitrogen
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Blood urea nitrogen is clinically used as important acute kidney injury (AKI) biomarker.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Urinary microalbumin
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Urinary microalbumin is predictor of progressive kidney diseases.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Incidence of diabetic retinopathy
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Incidence of diabetic retinopathy
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Macrovascular Complications
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Incidence of macrovascular complications (carotid, cardiovascular).
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Diabetes self-care activities
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Diabetes self-care activities will be measured by the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scale.
The SDSCA scale measures the frequency of performing diabetes self-care activities, including diet, exercise, blood glucose testing, foot care, and tobacco use over the past 7 days.
SDSCA comprises of 11 items and each item's response is rated on 7 point scale ranging from '0' to '7' .
A higher score would be the frequency of performing self-care activities.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Diabetes distress
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Diabetes distress scores will be measured by the Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID).
The scale ranges from a minimum of 0 (not a problem) to a maximum score of 4 (serious problem).
The sum of the five questions provides the participant's score with a score range of minimum score of 0 to a maximum score of 20.
A total score of greater than or equal to 8 indicates possible diabetes related emotional distress, with a higher score indicating more significant distress.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Depressive symptoms
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Depressive symptoms will be assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).
The PHQ-9 is a 9-item scale where respondents indicate how much they are bothered by certain problems on a 4-point scale where 0 = not at all and 3 = nearly every day.
Total scores range from 0 to 27 with degree of depression considered minimal for scores between 0-4, mild for scores of 5-9, moderate for scores of 10-14, moderate to severe for scores 15-19, and severe for scores of 20-27.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Self-Efficacy
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Participants' self-efficacy level will be measured by the Diabetes Empowerment Scale (DES-SF).
The scale consists of 10 items and reports in a 5-points Likert scale.
An item checked "strongly agree" receives 5 points; "agree" - 4 points; "neutral" - 3 points; "disagree" - 2 points; and "strongly disagree" receives 1 points.
Minimum score is 8, max is 40.
Higher scores indicate greater sense of empowerment to self-manage condition.
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Social support
Time Frame: Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Social support will be measured by the Diabetes Care Profile(DCP) Scale.
The scale consists of 8 items.
The possible responses to each question were: "Strongly Agree," "Somewhat Agree," "Neutral","Somewhat Disagree," "Strongly Disagree" or "Does Not Apply."
|
Baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Collaborators
Investigators
- Study Director: Xiaoxv Yin, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Anticipated)
Study Completion (Anticipated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Estimate)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- GPDSCM-T2DM
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
Clinical Trials on Type2diabetes
-
University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Medical SchoolBayerRecruiting
-
Chong Kun Dang PharmaceuticalCompletedType2DiabetesKorea, Republic of
-
University of ManitobaDiabetes Canada; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM)Active, not recruitingPrevention | Type2DiabetesCanada
-
Methodist Health SystemActive, not recruitingDiabetes | Type2diabetesUnited States
-
Universidade Nova de Lisboacruz vermelha hospitalRecruitingObesity | Bariatric Surgery Candidate | Metabolic Disease | Type2diabetesPortugal
-
Diabetes Foundation, IndiaNational Diabetes Obesity and Cholesterol FoundationRecruiting
-
Adrian VellaRecruiting
-
Bozok UniversityRecruitingDiabetes Mellitus | Stress | Motivational Interviewing | Type2diabetes | Well-Being, PsychologicalTurkey
-
Tel Aviv UniversityNot yet recruiting
-
Wake Forest University Health SciencesAmerican Diabetes AssociationRecruiting
Clinical Trials on General Practitioners and Diabetes Specialists Co-management
-
Universitaire Ziekenhuizen KU LeuvenBelgian GovernmentCompletedSedentary LifestyleBelgium
-
Johns Hopkins UniversityNational Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)Active, not recruitingQuality of Life | Multimorbidity | Symptom ManagementUnited States
-
University Hospital, BrestRecruitingColorectal CancerFrance
-
UMC UtrechtCompletedHeart FailureNetherlands
-
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)Recruiting
-
University of ArkansasPatient-Centered Outcomes Research InstituteActive, not recruitingDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2United States
-
Ohio State UniversityNational Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD); University...CompletedDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2United States
-
West Virginia UniversityCompletedHypertension | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2United States
-
University of North Carolina, Chapel HillNorth Carolina Translational and Clinical Sciences InstituteCompleted
-
Nicole Ezer, MD, FRCPC, MPHRecruiting