- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT06032832
Iron Absorption From Naturally Dephytinized Legumes (LINDA)
The Effect of Dephytinization on Iron Absorption From a Soy Protein Based Meat Analog and Chickpea-farinata: a Randomized Study in Young Women
Consumption of less meat and more plant-based protein can greatly reduce the negative impact of food production on the environment. Studies show that vegan diets can decrease greenhouse gas emissions, land use, and water. However, it is important to consider the nutritional value of alternatives, as meat is a key source of nutrients like iron. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is estimated to be the top 5 leading causes of years lived with disability burden globally and the first cause in women. Nutritional iron deficiency anemia is often caused by low iron content and low dietary iron bioavailability. As meat, fish, and poultry are excellent sources of bioavailable iron, shifting or maintaining a predominantly plant-based diet can increase the risk of iron deficiency (ID).
Phytic acid, the main phosphorus storage compound in plants, can hinder iron absorption and other divalent minerals. Phytase is an enzyme that breaks down phytic acid, which lessens its ability to bind with minerals like iron. This enzyme is present in various plant tissues, with particularly high amounts found in wheat and rye.
There is limited clinical evidence regarding iron absorption from plant-based meat. Thus, it is important to measure iron absorption from plant-based foods before and after treatment to remove phytic acid (dephytinization). This study compares the fractional iron absorption (FIA) of the 1) soy protein concentrate meat analog and 2) Farinata made from chickpea flour, both with and without dephytinization.
The aim of this study is to determine the effect of phytic acid reduction on iron absorption. FIA of the soy protein concentrates meat analog with phytic acid will be compared with FIA from soy protein concentrate without dephytinization. In addition, this study will compare the FIA in Farinata, a traditional Italian dish prepared using chickpea flour, both with and without dephytinization.
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Detailed Description
The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the iron absorption from plant-based protein with and without the reduction of phytic acid. This study is a randomized control trial, cross-over where each participant acts as their own control.
Participants will be asked to consume test meals prepared from soy protein and chickpea flour with and without dephytinization that contains isotopic iron (57Fe and 58Fe) as ferrous sulfate. After 14 days of the test meal administration, participants will be given blood samples to access the isotopic iron enrichment in blood.
Study Type
Enrollment (Estimated)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Contact
- Name: Pornpimol Scheuchzer, Ph.D
- Phone Number: +41 44 512 09 75
- Email: pornpimol.scheuchzer@ffhs.ch
Study Contact Backup
- Name: Diego Moretti, Ph.D
- Phone Number: +41445120920
- Email: diego.moretti@ffhs.ch
Study Locations
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-
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Zürich, Switzerland, 8005
- Fernfachhochschule Schweiz (FFHS) - Campus Gleisarena
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Contact:
- Diego Moretti, Ph.D
- Phone Number: +41445120920
- Email: diego.moretti@ffhs.ch
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Female aged between 18-45 y old
- Plasma ferritin < 30 microgram/L
- BMI 18.5-25.0
- Weight < 65 kg
- Signed informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Anemic (Hb < 12 g/dL)
- Inflammation (CRP > 5 mg/L)
- Chronic digestive, renal and/or metabolic disease
- Chronic medications (except for oral contraceptives)
- Use of vitamin, mineral, and pre-and/or probiotic supplements in the previous 2 weeks and during the study
- Blood transfusion, blood donation, or significant blood loss (> 400 ml) over the past 4 months
- Difficulty with blood withdrawal
- Antibiotic treatment in the 4 weeks preceding the start of the study and during the study
- Pregnancy (tested in serum at screening) or intention to become pregnant during the course of the study
- Lactation
- Earlier participation in a study using stable isotopes or participation in any clinical study within the last 30 days
- Participants who cannot be expected to comply with the study protocol (e.g. not available on certain study appointments)
- Inability to understand the information sheet and the informed consent form due to cognitive or language reasons
- Smoking
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
- Masking: Single
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Soy protein concentrate meat analog
Meat analog made from soy protein concentrate contains 57Fe as ferrous sulfate.
All participants will consume this test meal.
|
Baked Meat analogs-soy protein concentrate containing 57Fe as ferrous sulfate
|
Experimental: Soy protein concentrate meat analog without phytic acid
Meat analog made from soy protein concentrate that was removed phytic acid (dephytinization) contains 58Fe as ferrous sulfate.
All participants will consume this test meal.
|
Baked dephytinized_Meat analogs-soy protein concentrate containing 58Fe as ferrous sulfate
|
Experimental: Farinata_chickpea flour
Farinata (thin pancake) made from chickpea flour contains 57Fe as ferrous sulfate.
All participants will consume this test meal.
|
Pancake made from chickpea flour contains 57Fe as ferrous sulfate
|
Experimental: Farinata_chickpea flour without phytic acid
Farinata (thin pancake) made from chickpea flour that was removed phytic acid (dephytinization) contains 58Fe as ferrous sulfate.
All participants will consume this test meal.
|
Pancake made from dephytinized chickpea flour contains 58Fe as ferrous sulfate.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Fractional iron absorption
Time Frame: Baseline, 14 day after test meal administration
|
The fraction of absorbed iron from isotropic iron contain in the testmeal.
This fractional iron absorption will be measure from blood sample after 14 day of test meal administration
|
Baseline, 14 day after test meal administration
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Iron status
Time Frame: Baseline, 14 day after test meal administration
|
Hemoglobin (Hb), plasma ferritin (PF), and serum soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR)
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Baseline, 14 day after test meal administration
|
Inflammatory status
Time Frame: Baseline, 14 day after test meal administration
|
Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), C-reactive protein (CRP)
|
Baseline, 14 day after test meal administration
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Diego Moretti, Ph.D, FFHS
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Estimated)
Primary Completion (Estimated)
Study Completion (Estimated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- Iron_LINDA_2023
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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