FAPI and FDG PET/MRI in Diagnosis and Therapy Prediction of Bladder Cancer

Application Research of FAPI Positron Emission Tomography(PET)/MRI, 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/MRI, and MRI in the Diagnosis of Muscular Invasive Bladder Cancer and Evaluation of Neoadjuvant Therapy Efficacy

The aim of this trial is to investigate the value of FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/MRI and MRI in diagnosing MIBC and predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy for MIBC patients, so as to guide the clinic to adjust the treatment plan in time and benefit MIBC patients.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: imaging examinations:FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/MRI, MRI

Detailed Description

The MIBC diagnostic study was a prospective trial. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients with suspected MIBC were enrolled and underwent FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/MRI and MRI examination, and the imaging data and clinical laboratory and pathologic data were collected, and the postoperative pathological results were used as the gold standard to compare the accuracy of FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/MRI and MRI in diagnosing MIBC.

The MIBC neoadjuvant therapy efficacy assessment study was a prospective trial. Patients with MIBC were enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the regimen was selected individually according to the patient's condition, and the indicators were followed up until the end of time or the occurrence of an endpoint event to obtain information on survival time. FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/MRI and MRI were performed once before the start of neoadjuvant therapy and once after the end of therapy, and after the end of neoadjuvant therapy, patients received transurethral cystectomy of bladder tumors or radical cystectomy according to the efficacy and condition, and the combination of the imaging data and the clinical laboratory and pathological data were used to compare FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/ MRI and MRI in the assessment of the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy in MIBC patients to guide clinical treatment options.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 80
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Ning Xu, Doctor; Phone Number: 0086 13235907575; Email: drxun@fjmu.edu.cn
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Xiao-Dong Li, Master; Phone Number: 0086 15980273075; Email: lixiaodong@fjmu.edu.cn

Study Locations

• China
  • Fujian
    • Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350005
      • Recruiting
      • first hospital affiliated of Fujian medical university
      • Contact: Xu Ning, M.D.

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Inclusion criteria for MIBC diagnostic studies

  1. Patients with suspected muscle-invasive bladder cancer;
  2. Completion of FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/MRI and MRI;
  3. Complete clinical laboratory and pathological data.

• Inclusion criteria for MIBC neoadjuvant therapy efficacy evaluation study

  1. Patients diagnosed with muscle invasive bladder cancer;
  2. Completion of FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/MRI, and MRI before neoadjuvant therapy;
  3. Complete clinical laboratory and pathological data.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Exclusion criteria for MIBC diagnostic study

  1. Combined with other malignant tumors;
  2. Not receiving surgical treatment;
  3. Receiving neoadjuvant therapy before surgery;
  4. Previous allergy to contrast components or similar components;
  5. Serious organ function abnormalities, such as heart, lung, liver, kidney function serious abnormalities;
  6. Incomplete clinicopathological data

• Exclusion criteria of MIBC neoadjuvant therapy efficacy evaluation study

  1. Combination of other malignant tumors;
  2. FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/MRI and MRI were not completed after neoadjuvant therapy;
  3. Prior hypersensitivity to contrast components or similar components;
  4. Serious organ function abnormalities, such as serious abnormalities of heart, lung, liver and kidney function;
  5. Incomplete clinicopathological data.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

6

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: MIBC diagnostic study-FAPI PET/MRI; suspected MIBC participants receive FAPI PET/MRI examination after entering the group.	Procedure: imaging examinations:FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/MRI, MRI; FAPI PET/MRI and FDG PET/MRI examination Data acquisition was performed using a GE Healthcare SIGNA PET/MR instrument. Enrolled patients were injected intravenously with 68Ga-FAPI or 18F-FDG tracer and underwent simultaneous PET and MRI scanning approximately 30-60 minutes after intravenous administration of the tracer at a dose of 1.85-3.7 MBq/kg. MRI examination MRI examination was performed using a Skyra 3.0T MRI scanner from Siemens, Germany, with a 16-channel phased-array surface coil, and the scanning range was from the superior margin of the iliac wing to the inferior margin of the pubic symphysis.
Experimental: MIBC diagnostic study-FDG PET/MRI; suspected MIBC participants receive FDG PET/MRI examination after entering the group.	Procedure: imaging examinations:FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/MRI, MRI; FAPI PET/MRI and FDG PET/MRI examination Data acquisition was performed using a GE Healthcare SIGNA PET/MR instrument. Enrolled patients were injected intravenously with 68Ga-FAPI or 18F-FDG tracer and underwent simultaneous PET and MRI scanning approximately 30-60 minutes after intravenous administration of the tracer at a dose of 1.85-3.7 MBq/kg. MRI examination MRI examination was performed using a Skyra 3.0T MRI scanner from Siemens, Germany, with a 16-channel phased-array surface coil, and the scanning range was from the superior margin of the iliac wing to the inferior margin of the pubic symphysis.
Active Comparator: MIBC diagnostic study-MRI; suspected MIBC participants receive MRI examination after entering the group.	Procedure: imaging examinations:FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/MRI, MRI; FAPI PET/MRI and FDG PET/MRI examination Data acquisition was performed using a GE Healthcare SIGNA PET/MR instrument. Enrolled patients were injected intravenously with 68Ga-FAPI or 18F-FDG tracer and underwent simultaneous PET and MRI scanning approximately 30-60 minutes after intravenous administration of the tracer at a dose of 1.85-3.7 MBq/kg. MRI examination MRI examination was performed using a Skyra 3.0T MRI scanner from Siemens, Germany, with a 16-channel phased-array surface coil, and the scanning range was from the superior margin of the iliac wing to the inferior margin of the pubic symphysis.
Experimental: MIBC neoadjuvant evaluation study-FAPI PET/MRI; Patients diagnosed with MIBC receive FAPI PET/MRI examination before and after neoadjuvant therapy.	Procedure: imaging examinations:FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/MRI, MRI; FAPI PET/MRI and FDG PET/MRI examination Data acquisition was performed using a GE Healthcare SIGNA PET/MR instrument. Enrolled patients were injected intravenously with 68Ga-FAPI or 18F-FDG tracer and underwent simultaneous PET and MRI scanning approximately 30-60 minutes after intravenous administration of the tracer at a dose of 1.85-3.7 MBq/kg. MRI examination MRI examination was performed using a Skyra 3.0T MRI scanner from Siemens, Germany, with a 16-channel phased-array surface coil, and the scanning range was from the superior margin of the iliac wing to the inferior margin of the pubic symphysis.
Experimental: MIBC neoadjuvant evaluation study-FDG PET/MRI; Patients diagnosed with MIBC receive FDG PET/MRI examination before and after neoadjuvant therapy.	Procedure: imaging examinations:FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/MRI, MRI; FAPI PET/MRI and FDG PET/MRI examination Data acquisition was performed using a GE Healthcare SIGNA PET/MR instrument. Enrolled patients were injected intravenously with 68Ga-FAPI or 18F-FDG tracer and underwent simultaneous PET and MRI scanning approximately 30-60 minutes after intravenous administration of the tracer at a dose of 1.85-3.7 MBq/kg. MRI examination MRI examination was performed using a Skyra 3.0T MRI scanner from Siemens, Germany, with a 16-channel phased-array surface coil, and the scanning range was from the superior margin of the iliac wing to the inferior margin of the pubic symphysis.
Active Comparator: MIBC neoadjuvant evaluation study-MRI; Patients diagnosed with MIBC receive MRI examination before and after neoadjuvant therapy.	Procedure: imaging examinations:FAPI PET/MRI, FDG PET/MRI, MRI; FAPI PET/MRI and FDG PET/MRI examination Data acquisition was performed using a GE Healthcare SIGNA PET/MR instrument. Enrolled patients were injected intravenously with 68Ga-FAPI or 18F-FDG tracer and underwent simultaneous PET and MRI scanning approximately 30-60 minutes after intravenous administration of the tracer at a dose of 1.85-3.7 MBq/kg. MRI examination MRI examination was performed using a Skyra 3.0T MRI scanner from Siemens, Germany, with a 16-channel phased-array surface coil, and the scanning range was from the superior margin of the iliac wing to the inferior margin of the pubic symphysis.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Diagnostic Sensitivity	It is the percentage of patients who will be correctly judged as positive (true positive) if they actually have muscle invasive bladder cancer. The formula is TP/(TP+FN)×100%.TP is true positive and FN is false negative.	Within 1 week after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Diagnostic Specificity	the percentage of patients who are not actually suffering from muscle invasive bladder cancer correctly judged as negative (true negative). The formula is TN/(TN+FP)×100%.TN is true negative, FP is false positive.	Within 1 week after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Positive Expected Value (PPV)	the ratio of true positives among the positive results obtained by a specific test method. The formula is: PPV=TP/(TP+FP)×100%.	Within 1 week after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Negative Expected Value (NPV)	refers to the ratio of true negatives among the negative results obtained by a specific test method. The formula is: NPV=TN/(TN+FN)×100%.	Within 1 week after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Positive Likelihood Ratio (PLR)	the ratio of the probability that a patient who actually has muscle invasive bladder cancer is judged to be positive to the probability that a patient who actually does not have muscle invasive bladder cancer is judged to be positive. The formula was calculated as +LR = sensitivity/(1-specificity) × 100%.	Within 1 week after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Negative Likelihood Ratio (NLR)	the ratio of the probability that a patient who actually has muscle invasive bladder cancer is judged negative to the probability that a patient who actually does not have muscle invasive bladder cancer is judged negative. The formula is: -LR=(1-sensitivity)/specificity×100%.	Within 1 week after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Youden Index	the sum of sensitivity and specificity minus 1. Correct diagnostic index can be used for the comparison of two diagnostic methods, and the ideal correct diagnostic index is 100%. r = (specificity + sensitivity) - 1 = 1 - (false positive rate + false negative rate)	Within 1 week after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Standardized uptake values peak, maximum, and mean (SUVpeak , SUVmax, SUVmean)	changes in SUVmax, SUVmean, and SUVpeak of the tumor lesion before and after treatment obtained from PET/MRI images.	Within 1 week after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Tumor-to-Background Ratio (TBR)	changes in the ratio of the radioactivity of tumor tissue to the radioactivity of background tissue obtained from PET/MRI images before and after treatment.	Within 1 week after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Complete Remission (CR)	In RECIST 1.1 Efficacy assessment criteria for conventional imaging, CR was defined as the disappearance of all target lesions, the absence of new lesions, and the normalization of tumor markers for at least 4 weeks. In PERCIST 1.1 efficacy evaluation criteria for FAPI PET/MRI and FDG PET/MRI, CR refers to the complete disappearance of tracer uptake.	Within 1 month after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Partial Remission (PR)	In RECIST 1.1 Efficacy assessment criteria for conventional imaging, PR was defined as a decrease of ≥30% in the sum of the largest diameters of target lesions for at least 4 weeks. In PERCIST 1.1 efficacy evaluation criteria for FAPI PET/MRI and FDG PET/MRI, PR refers to a decrease of >30% in the peak SUV.	Within 1 month after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Stable Disease (SD)	In RECIST 1.1 Efficacy assessment criteria for conventional imaging, SD was defined as a decrease in the sum of the largest diameters of the target lesions that did not reach PR or an increase in the size of the largest diameters of target lesions that did not reach PD. In PERCIST 1.1 efficacy evaluation criteria for FAPI PET/MRI and FDG PET/MRI, SD refers to a decrease of >30% in the peak SUV.	Within 1 month after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Progressive Disease (PR)	In RECIST 1.1 Efficacy assessment criteria for conventional imaging, PD was defined as an increase in the sum of the largest diameters of the target lesions by at least ≥20% or the emergence of new lesions. In PERCIST 1.1 efficacy evaluation criteria for FAPI PET/MRI and FDG PET/MRI, PD refers to an increase of >30% in the peak SUL or the appearance of new lesions.	Within 1 month after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Complete Metabolic Response (CMR)	For participants receiving FAPI PET/MRI and FDG PET/MRI, according to EORTC efficacy assessment criteria, CMR refers to the complete disappearance of tracer uptake.	Within 1 month after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Partial Metabolic Response (PMR)	For participants receiving FAPI PET/MRI and FDG PET/MRI, according to EORTC efficacy assessment criteria, PMR refers to a reduction in SUV of ≥15%-25% after one cycle of treatment and a reduction in SUV of >25% after greater than one cycle of treatment.	Within 1 month after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Stable Metabolic Disease (SMD)	For participants receiving FAPI PET/MRI and FDG PET/MRI, according to EORTC efficacy assessment criteria, SMD refers to an increase in SUV of <25% or a decrease of <15%, and tumor no significant increase in the extent of uptake (>20% increase in maximum diameter)	Within 1 month after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Progressive Metabolic Disease (PMD)	For participants receiving FAPI PET/MRI and FDG PET/MRI, according to EORTC efficacy assessment criteria, PMD refers to an increase in SUV value of >25% and a significant increase in the extent of tumor uptake (increase in the largest diameter of >20%), or the appearance of new foci.	Within 1 month after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Pathologic Response	According to pathological efficacy assessment criteria, Pathological Complete Remission(pCR) refers to no detectable tumor (pT0) or residual cancer confined to the original site (pTis) after treatment. According to pathological efficacy assessment criteria, A decrease in tumor stage from cT2 (Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer - MIBC) to non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), including stages pT0, pTis, pTa, and pT1, indicates a treatment-sensitive tumor and is considered a good pathologic response. Conversely, if the tumor stage remains the same or increases, it is considered a poor pathologic response.	Within 1 month after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Overall Survival (OS)	the duration from the time a patient receives systemic therapy to the time of death from any cause.	1 years to 3 years after receiving treatment
Radiographic Progression Free Survival (rPFS)	the duration from the start of treatment to the occurrence of imaging progression or death due to any cause (whichever occurs first). Conventional imaging (RECIST 1.1 criteria), and FAPI PET/MRI (PERCIST 1.0 criteria) were used to assess the imaging progression of patients after receiving treatment, respectively.	1 years to 3 years after receiving treatment
Overall Remission Rate (Objective Response Rate, ORR)	usually includes patient cases with CR+PR. Among them, conventional imaging was used to assess the proportion of patients meeting the criteria for CR or PR using the RECIST 1.1 criteria; FAPI PET/MRI was used to assess the proportion of patients meeting the criteria for CR or PR using the PERCIST 1.0 criteria;	Within 1 month after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results
Disease Control Rate (DCR)	usually includes the proportion of patients with CR+PR+SD. Among them, conventional imaging uses RECIST 1.1 criteria to assess the proportion of patients meeting the criteria of CR or PR or SD; FAPI PET/MRI uses PERCIST 1.0 criteria to assess the proportion of patients meeting the criteria of CR or PR or SD.	Within 1 month after obtaining the surgical pathology report and imaging report results

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University
• Investigators: Study Chair: Xue-Yi Xue, Master, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 2, 2024
• Primary Completion (Estimated): August 1, 2028
• Study Completion (Estimated): June 1, 2029

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 9, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 15, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): May 20, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): June 1, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 28, 2026
• Last Verified: May 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy; Neoplasm Staging
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Urogenital Diseases; Urogenital Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Neoplasms; Male Urogenital Diseases; Urologic Diseases; Female Urogenital Diseases; Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications; Urologic Neoplasms; Urinary Bladder Diseases; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Investigative Techniques; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; Spectrum Analysis; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2024-041-02

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO
• IPD Plan Description: We have chosen not to share the individual participant data (IPD) from this clinical study due to privacy and confidentiality concerns, as well as potential proprietary interests. Additionally, sharing IPD requires considerable resources for data de-identification and preparation, which may not be feasible within the scope of this study. However, we remain committed to transparency and will provide summary results and findings through appropriate channels, ensuring the dissemination of key insights while safeguarding participant privacy and confidentiality

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No