Turkish Validation of the Geriatric Pain Measure - Short Form

Turkish Adaptation, Validation, and Reliability Assessment of the Geriatric Pain Measure - Short Form

This study aims to adapt, validate, and assess the reliability of the Geriatric Pain Measure - Short Form in Turkish. A total of 150 patients aged 65 years and older will complete the scale under the supervision of pain management and gerontology specialists. Reliability and validity will be evaluated using statistical analyses, including internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and correlation with validated pain and sleep scales. Ethical approval has been obtained, and all participants will provide informed consent.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Chronic Pain; Geriatric Assessment; Pain Measurement
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Geriatric Pain Measurement Short Form

Detailed Description

For the Turkish adaptation, validation, and reliability study of the Geriatric Pain Measure - Short Form, permission was obtained from Dr. Eva Blozik, the original developer of the scale. The adaptation process will follow standard cross-cultural validation guidelines, including forward translation into Turkish by an expert group, back-translation into English by a separate expert group, and comparison of the back-translated version with the original English version for conceptual and linguistic accuracy. A multidisciplinary expert panel, including Turkish language specialists and pain management experts, will review the final Turkish version, making necessary cultural adaptations to ensure semantic equivalence. The study will involve 150 patients aged 65 years and older visiting the Pain Management Clinic, where they will complete the Turkish version of the scale under the supervision of pain management and gerontology specialists. Reliability will be assessed through internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), test-retest reliability, and item-total correlations, while construct validity will be evaluated using factor analysis. Concurrent validity will be examined by correlating the Turkish version of the scale with other outcome measures. Ethical approval has been obtained from Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital Ethics Committee, and all participants will provide written informed consent before participation.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Estimated): 150

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Tuba Tanyel Saraçoğlu, Medical Doctor; Phone Number: 30721 00902129096000; Email: tuba.saracoglu1@saglik.gov.tr

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Başakşehir
    • İstanbul, Başakşehir, Turkey
      • Recruiting
      • Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital
      • Contact: Tuba Tanyel Saraçoğlu, Medical Doctor; Phone Number: +0902129096000; Email: tuba.saracoglu1@saglik.gov.tr

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Patients over 65 years of age who applied to the pain management outpatient clinic with the complaint of chronic pain and consented to participate the study.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Geriatric patients with chronic pain
• Patients who agreed to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Demantia
• Mental of physical disorders that effect patients answering the scales
• Diagnosis of malignancy

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Intervention / Treatment

Geriatric Patients with Chronic Pain; Geriatric patients (≥65 years) with chronic pain who are examined at the Pain Management Clinic of Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital. Participants will be assessed under the supervision of pain management and gerontology specialists.

Other: Geriatric Pain Measurement Short Form; Geriatric Pain Measure - Short Form (GPM-SF) is a validated pain assessment tool designed specifically for older adults. It is a 12-item questionnaire that evaluates pain intensity, interference with daily activities, and emotional impact of chronic pain in geriatric patients. The short form provides a quick and reliable assessment of pain-related disability in older populations.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Geriatric Pain Measurement Short Form	Geriatric Pain Measure - Short Form (GPM-SF) is a validated pain assessment tool designed specifically for older adults. It is a 12-item questionnaire that evaluates pain intensity, interference with daily activities, and emotional impact of chronic pain in geriatric patients. The short form provides a quick and reliable assessment of pain-related disability in older populations.	Day 1
Numerik Rating Scale	The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) is a 0 to 10 scale used to assess pain intensity, where 0 = no pain and 10 = worst possible pain. It is a simple, reliable tool widely used in clinical and research settings.	Day 1
FRAIL Scale	The FRAIL Scale is a five-item questionnaire used to assess frailty in older adults. It evaluates Fatigue, Resistance (weakness), Ambulation (mobility), Illnesses (comorbidities), and Loss of weight. A higher score indicates a greater degree of frailty, helping identify patients at risk for adverse health outcomes.	Day 1
Lawton & Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale	The Lawton & Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, a scale that assesses an older adult's ability to perform eight complex daily tasks essential for independent living. These tasks include using the telephone, shopping, meal preparation, housekeeping, laundry, transportation, medication management, and handling finances. It helps evaluate functional independence and detect early declines in cognitive or physical abilities	Day 1
Geriatric Depression Scale-15	The Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15) is a shortened version of the original GDS, consisting of 15 yes/no questions designed to screen for depression in older adults. It is simple, quick, and reliable, making it suitable for use in clinical and research settings, including in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Higher scores indicate more depressive symptoms.	Day 1
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index	The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is a self-reported questionnaire assessing sleep quality over the past month. It includes 18 items evaluating aspects such as sleep duration, latency, disturbances, efficiency, daytime dysfunction, and use of sleep medications. A higher total score indicates poorer sleep quality	Day 1

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Başakşehir Çam & Sakura City Hospital

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 15, 2025
• Primary Completion (Estimated): May 15, 2025
• Study Completion (Estimated): June 15, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 10, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 10, 2025
• First Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 18, 2025
• Last Verified: March 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Chronic Pain; Geriatric Assessment; Pain Measurement; Geriatric Pain Measurement Short Form
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Chronic Pain
• Other Study ID Numbers: 26.02.2025.73

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No