CAR T-cell Therapy Targeting CD19 and BCMA in Patients With Relapse/Refractory Autoimmune Diseases

A Clinical Study Evaluating the Safety and Preliminary Efficacy of Universal Allogeneic CAR T-cell Therapy Targeting CD19 and BCMA in Patients With Relapse/Refractory Autoimmune Diseases

CAR T-cell Therapy Targeting CD19 and BCMA in Patients With Relapse/Refractory Autoimmune Diseases

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus; ANCA-Associated Vasculitis (AAV); Inflammatory Myopathy; Systemic Sclerosis (SSc); Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Thrombocytopenia; SLE-ITP
• Intervention / Treatment: Biological: UCAR T-cell

Detailed Description

This is an investigator-initiated trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy ofuniversal allogeneic anti-CD19/BCMA CAR T-cells in Patients With Relapse/Refractory Autoimmune Diseases.

Study intervention consists of a single infusion of universal allogeneic CART-cells administered intravenously after a lymphodepleting therapy regimen consisting of fludarabine and cyclophosphamide.

Interim analysis will be performed when participants finish the visit 12 and 24 weeks after CAR T-cell infusion.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 12
• Phase: Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Ying Wang, PhD; Phone Number: 86-22-23909278; Email: wangying1@ihcams.ac.cn

Study Locations

• China
  • Tianjin, China
    • Recruiting
    • Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Common Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age ≥ 18 years old (inclusive), regardless of gender.
2. Positive expression of CD19 or BCMA on peripheral blood B cells confirmed by flow cytometry.
3. Functional requirements for major organs are as follows（Except for abnormalities related to autoimmune disease activity）: 1) Bone marrow function must meet: A. Neutrophil count ≥ 1×109/L (no colony-stimulating factor treatment within 2 weeks before examination); B. Hemoglobin ≥ 60g/L; 2) Liver function: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 3×ULN (excluding ALT elevation due to inflammatory myopathy), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)≤3×Upper limit of normal (ULN) (excluding AST elevation due to inflammatory myopathy), TBIL≤2×ULN (or ≤ 3.0×ULN for subjects with Gilbert syndrome); 3) Renal function: creatinine clearance rate (CrCl) ≥ 30ml/minute (calculated by Cockcroft/Gault formula, acute CrCl decrease due to the target disease is excluded; LN is exluded).
4. ECOG score 0-2.
5. Female subjects of childbearing potential and male subjects with partners of childbearing potential must use medically approved contraception or abstinence during the study treatment period and for at least 6 months after the end of the study treatment; Female subjects of childbearing potential must have a negative Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) test within 7 days before study enrollment and not be lactating.
6. Willing to participate in this clinical study, sign an informed consent form, have good compliance, and cooperate with follow-up.

Disease-Specific Inclusion Criteria

Refractory/Relapsed Systemic Lupus Erythematosus:

1. SLE meeting the 2019 the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) /European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) and classification criteria.
2. Disease activity score SLEDAI-2000 ≥ 8; or with significant organ involvement, such as lupus nephritis (histologically confirmed active nephritis of class III or IV, with or without class V, with an NIH activity index > 2, evidence of increased chronicity index; urine protein-to-creatinine ratio > 1.0 g/g, or 24-hour urinary protein > 1.0 g).
3. Definition of refractory or relapsing disease: lack of response after more than 6 months of conventional therapy, or recurrence of disease activity after remission. Conventional therapy is defined as treatment with glucocorticoids in combination with one or more of the following immunomodulatory agents: cyclophosphamide, antimalarial drugs, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, methotrexate, leflunomide, tacrolimus, cyclosporine, as well as biologics such as rituximab, belimumab, and telitacicept.

Refractory/Relapsed/Progressive Systemic Sclerosis:

1. Scleroderma fulfilling the 2013 ACR classification criteria.
2. Positive scleroderma-related antibodies.
3. Presence of diffuse cutaneous sclerosis or active interstitial lung disease (high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) showing ground-glass opacities).
4. Definition of relapsed/refractory: Conventional treatment over 6 months remains ineffective, or disease recurrence after remission. Definition of conventional treatment: the use of glucocorticoids , and any one or more of the following immunomodulatory drugs: cyclophosphamide, antimalarials, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, methotrexate, leflunomide, tacrolimus, cyclosporine, and biologics including belimumab, rituximab, and tocilizumab, etc.
5. Definition of progressive: Rapid skin progression (mRSS increase > 25%); or progression of lung disease (forced vital capacity (FVC) decrease by 10%, or FVC decrease by more than 5% with diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) decrease by 15%).

Note: Meeting either criterion 4 or 5 is sufficient.

Refractory/Relapsed/Progressive Inflammatory Myopathy:

1. Inflammatory myopathy fulfilling the 2017 EULAR/ACR classification criteria (including Dermatomyositis (DM), Polymyositis (PM), Anti-Synthetase Syndrome (ASS), and Necrotizing Myopathy (NM)).
2. Muscle involvement with Manual Muscle Testing-8 (MMT-8) score less than 142 and at least two abnormalities found among the following five core measurements (Physician Global Assessment (PhGA), Patient Global Assessment (PtGA), or extramuscular disease activity score ≥ 2; Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) total score ≥ 0.25; muscle enzyme levels ≥ 1.5×ULN);
3. Definition of relapsed/refractory: Conventional treatment over 6 months remains ineffective, or disease recurrence after remission. Definition of conventional treatment: the use of glucocorticoids , and any one or more of the following immunomodulatory drugs: cyclophosphamide, antimalarials, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, methotrexate, leflunomide, tacrolimus, cyclosporine, and biologics including belimumab, rituximab, and tocilizumab, etc.
4. Definition of progressive: Rapid progression of interstitial lung disease within a short period.

Note: Meeting either criterion 4 or 5 is sufficient.

Refractory/Relapsed ANCA-Associated Vasculitis:

1. ANCA-Associated Vasculitis fulfilling 2022 ACR/EULAR criteria, including microscopic polyangiitis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.
2. Positive ANCA-associated antibodies (MPO-ANCA or PR3-ANCA positive).
3. The Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Scale (BVAS) ≥ 15 points (a total score of 63 points), indicating active vasculitis.
4. Definition of refractory/relapsed: Conventional treatment over 6 months remains ineffective, or disease recurrence after remission., or disease recurrence after remission. Definition of conventional treatment: the use of glucocorticoids and any one or more of the following immunomodulatory drugs: cyclophosphamide, antimalarials, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, methotrexate, leflunomide, tacrolimus, cyclosporine, and biologics including belimumab, rituximab, and tocilizumab, etc.

Refractory/Relapsed Connective Tissue Disease-associated thrombocytopenia

1. Diagnosis of connective tissue disease established according to the latest classification criteria, including but not limited to systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren's syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome, and undifferentiated connective tissue disease.
2. Confirmed diagnosis of connective tissue disease-associated thrombocytopenia, with platelet count <30 × 10^9/L, or <50 × 10^9/L accompanied by a bleeding tendency.
3. Bone marrow morphology consistent with immune thrombocytopenia.
4. Prior treatment with at least one course of corticosteroid pulse therapy, or high-dose corticosteroids in combination with one or more immunosuppressants (including biologics) for at least 3 months, without achieving partial remission, or inability to maintain efficacy during steroid tapering.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Subjects with a history of severe drug allergies or allergic tendencies.
2. Presence or suspicion of uncontrolled or treatment-required fungal, bacterial, viral, or other infections.
3. Subjects with central nervous system diseases caused by autoimmune diseases or non-autoimmune diseases (including epilepsy, psychosis, organic brain syndrome, cerebral vascular accidents, encephalitis, central nervous system vasculitis).
4. Subjects with insufficient cardiac function.
5. Subjects with congenital immunoglobulin deficiencies.
6. History of malignancy within five years.
7. Subjects with end-stage renal failure(LN is excluded).
8. Subjects who are positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) with peripheral blood HBV DNA >ULN; subjects positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody and peripheral blood HCV RNA; individuals positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody; individuals positive for syphilis testing.
9. Subjects with psychiatric disorders and severe cognitive impairments;
10. Subjects who have participated in other clinical trials within the past 3 months prior to enrollment.
11. Subjects who have received immunosuppressive agents or biologics with therapeutic effects for indications within 5 half-life prior to enrollment.
12. Pregnant women or women planning to conceive.
13. Subjects whom the investigator believes have other reasons that make them unsuitable for inclusion in this study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: UCAR T-cell group; Universal allogeneic anti-CD19/BCMA CAR T-cells. Biological/Vaccine: universal allogeneic anti-CD19/BCM	Biological: UCAR T-cell; universal allogeneic anti-CD19/BCMA CAR T-cells

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The number and severity of dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) events	DLT will be graded according to the NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 5.0, and the ASTCT Consensus Grading for Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurologic Toxicity Associated with Immune Effector Cells.	Within 28 Days After UCAR T-cell Infusion
The total number, incidence, and severity of AEs	The total number, incidence, and severity of AEs	Up to 12 Months After UCAR T-cell Infusion
Clinical response of R/R AIDs	Clinical response of R/R AIDs	Up to 24 Months After UCAR T-cell Infusion

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, China
• Collaborators: Shanghai Xiniao Biotech Co., Ltd.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 11, 2025
• Primary Completion (Estimated): February 18, 2028
• Study Completion (Estimated): March 18, 2028

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 16, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 16, 2025
• First Posted (Actual): April 23, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimated): September 29, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 24, 2025
• Last Verified: February 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Musculoskeletal Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Muscular Diseases; Neuromuscular Diseases; Connective Tissue Diseases; Autoimmune Diseases; Immune System Diseases; Skin Diseases; Skin Diseases, Vascular; Vasculitis; Systemic Vasculitis; Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Scleroderma, Systemic; Myositis; Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis
• Other Study ID Numbers: IIT2024107

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No