Effect of Dehydration on Dental Fluorescence

The Effect of Dehydration on Natural Dental Fluorescence: A Clinical Evaluation

A cheek retractor will be placed to ensure consistent isolation throughout the procedure. Dehydration will be assessed at baseline, at the 5th minute, and at the 10th minute using three different evaluation techniques. At each time point, digital photographs will be captured under two distinct fluorescence light sources to document changes visually. In addition, fluorescence images will be obtained using the QLF (Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence) device to provide objective, quantitative data. All images will be recorded and analyzed digitally to evaluate dehydration-related changes in fluorescence. The aim of our study is to clinically evaluate the changes in the fluorescence properties of natural tooth following dehydration.

Study Overview

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Conditions: Evaluate the Fluorescence of Natural Tooth Following Dehydration
• Intervention / Treatment: Diagnostic test: Digital photograph with Ashur plaque indicator; Diagnostic test: Digital photographs with the Led lights (365 nm); Diagnostic test: The QLF (Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence- 405 nm) images

Detailed Description

According to the power analysis, the required number of teeth was 69, with 95% statistical power and a 5% alpha error level. The study will be conducted at the Clinic of the Department of Restorative Dentistry, Marmara University Faculty of Dentistry. Individuals with caries-free teeth, no enamel defects, no restorations on tooth surfaces, no visible plaque, and adequate cognitive ability to read and understand the informed consent form will be included in the study. Those with teeth exhibiting discoloration or with systemic conditions or medication use that may cause structural changes on the tooth surfaces will be excluded. Maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth will be evaluated.

A cheek retractor will be placed in the patients' mouths, and baseline, 5th-minute, and 10th-minute dehydration will be evaluated using three different techniques. Digital photographs will be taken at baseline and post-procedure under two different fluorescence light sources (Ashur plaque indicator (405 nm), and Led lights (365 nm)), and the images obtained using the QLF (Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence- 405 nm) device will be recorded. Analyses will be carried out digitally. Images will be captured with a Sony Alpha 7iii (Sony, Japan) digital camera equipped with a 90-mm macro lens. Camera settings will be adjusted for the LED lights (1/125, f/22, ISO 8000) and for the Ashur device (1/125, f/22, ISO 25600). To ensure standardization, the LED lights will be stabilized on the flash brackets at a 45° angle on both sides, and all images will be captured in a dark room. QLF images will be obtained with its own camera. The photographs and the QLF images will be analyzed using Adobe Photoshop software, and color changes will be determined based on ∆E values. For each method ∆E values will be calculated individually, there will be 3 different ∆E values (baseline and 5th-minute, baseline and 10th-minute, 5th-minute and 10th-minute). For ∆E calculations, the CIEDE2000 formula will be used, employing the measured L*, a*, b* and L*, c*, h* values obtained from baseline, 5th-minute and 10th-minute images. For the digital measurements, the intraobserver variability will be assessed, and after obtaining a high level of agreement, the study will be initiated. In statistical analyses, normality will be assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test; repeated-measures ANOVA will be used if normal distribution is present, and the Friedman test will be applied if normality is not observed. A significance level of p<0.05 will be accepted.

The aim of this clinical study is to clinically evaluate the changes in the fluorescence properties of natural teeth following dehydration.

The hypotheses of the study (H1) are as follows:

1. The change in the fluorescence properties of natural teeth after dehydration exceeds clinically acceptable thresholds.
2. There is a significant difference among the various fluorescence evaluation methods used in clinical practice.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Estimated): 10

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey (Türkiye)
  • Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Marmara University Faculty of Dentistry

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Individuals with caries-free teeth, no enamel defects, no restorations on tooth surfaces, no visible plaque, and adequate cognitive ability to read and understand the informed consent form will be included in the study. Those with teeth exhibiting discoloration or with systemic conditions or medication use that may cause structural changes on the tooth surfaces will be excluded. Maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth will be evaluated.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Individuals with caries-free teeth, no enamel defects, no restorations on tooth surfaces, no visible plaque, and adequate cognitive ability to read and understand the informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Individuals with teeth exhibiting discoloration or with systemic conditions or medication use that may cause structural changes on the tooth surfaces.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Intervention / Treatment

group 1; Dehydration of teeth will be assessed at baseline, at the 5th minute, and at the 10th minute using three different evaluation techniques.

Diagnostic test: Digital photograph with Ashur plaque indicator; Digital photographs will be taken at baseline and post-procedure under the fluorescence light source (Ashur plaque indicator (405 nm). Images will be captured with a Sony Alpha 7iii (Sony, Japan) digital camera equipped with a 90-mm macro lens. Camera settings will be adjusted for the Ashur device (1/125, f/22, ISO 25600). To ensure standardization all images will be captured in a dark room.; Diagnostic test: Digital photographs with the Led lights (365 nm); Digital photographs will be taken at baseline and post-procedure under the fluorescence light source (Led lights (365 nm). Images will be captured with a Sony Alpha 7iii (Sony, Japan) digital camera equipped with a 90-mm macro lens. Camera settings will be adjusted for the LED lights (1/125, f/22, ISO 8000). To ensure standardization, the LED lights will be stabilized on the flash brackets at a 45° angle on both sides, and all images will be captured in a dark room.; Diagnostic test: The QLF (Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence- 405 nm) images; The images obtained using the QLF (Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence- 405 nm) device will be recorded. QLF images will be obtained with its own camera.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Digital photograph with Ashur plaque indicator	Digital photographs will be taken at baseline and post-procedure under the fluorescence light source (Ashur plaque indicator (405 nm). Images will be captured with a Sony Alpha 7iii (Sony, Japan) digital camera equipped with a 90-mm macro lens. Camera settings will be adjusted for the Ashur device (1/125, f/22, ISO 25600). To ensure standardization all images will be captured in a dark room.	baseline
Digital photographs with the Led lights (365 nm)	Digital photographs will be taken at baseline and post-procedure under the fluorescence light source (Led lights (365 nm). Images will be captured with a Sony Alpha 7iii (Sony, Japan) digital camera equipped with a 90-mm macro lens. Camera settings will be adjusted for the LED lights (1/125, f/22, ISO 8000). To ensure standardization, the LED lights will be stabilized on the flash brackets at a 45° angle on both sides, and all images will be captured in a dark room.	baseline
The QLF (Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence- 405 nm) images	The images obtained using the QLF (Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence- 405 nm) device will be recorded. QLF images will be obtained with its own camera. All images will be captured in a dark room.	baseline
Digital photograph with Ashur plaque indicator	Digital photographs will be taken at baseline and post-procedure under the fluorescence light source (Ashur plaque indicator (405 nm). Images will be captured with a Sony Alpha 7iii (Sony, Japan) digital camera equipped with a 90-mm macro lens. Camera settings will be adjusted for the Ashur device (1/125, f/22, ISO 25600). To ensure standardization all images will be captured in a dark room.	at 5th minute
Digital photographs with the Led lights (365 nm)	Digital photographs will be taken at baseline and post-procedure under the fluorescence light source (Led lights (365 nm). Images will be captured with a Sony Alpha 7iii (Sony, Japan) digital camera equipped with a 90-mm macro lens. Camera settings will be adjusted for the LED lights (1/125, f/22, ISO 8000). To ensure standardization, the LED lights will be stabilized on the flash brackets at a 45° angle on both sides, and all images will be captured in a dark room.	at 5th minute
The QLF (Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence- 405 nm) images	The images obtained using the QLF (Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence- 405 nm) device will be recorded. QLF images will be obtained with its own camera. All images will be captured in a dark room.	at 5th minute
Digital photograph with Ashur plaque indicator	Digital photographs will be taken at baseline and post-procedure under the fluorescence light source (Ashur plaque indicator (405 nm). Images will be captured with a Sony Alpha 7iii (Sony, Japan) digital camera equipped with a 90-mm macro lens. Camera settings will be adjusted for the Ashur device (1/125, f/22, ISO 25600). To ensure standardization all images will be captured in a dark room.	at 10th minute
Digital photographs with the Led lights (365 nm)	Digital photographs will be taken at baseline and post-procedure under the fluorescence light source (Led lights (365 nm). Images will be captured with a Sony Alpha 7iii (Sony, Japan) digital camera equipped with a 90-mm macro lens. Camera settings will be adjusted for the LED lights (1/125, f/22, ISO 8000). To ensure standardization, the LED lights will be stabilized on the flash brackets at a 45° angle on both sides, and all images will be captured in a dark room.	at 10th minute
The QLF (Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence- 405 nm) images	The images obtained using the QLF (Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence- 405 nm) device will be recorded. QLF images will be obtained with its own camera. All images will be captured in a dark room.	at 10th minute

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Marmara University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 7, 2025
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 2, 2025
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 1, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 8, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 8, 2025
• First Posted (Actual): December 22, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 22, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 8, 2025
• Last Verified: December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: fluorescence; dehydration; teeth
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Metabolic Diseases; Water-Electrolyte Imbalance; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Dehydration
• Other Study ID Numbers: MUDHF-2025-83

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: Data may be shared after the publication of the study
• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: STUDY_PROTOCOL; SAP; ICF; CSR

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No