Spinning-Based High-Intensity Interval Training Induces Greater Cardiopulmonary Adaptations Than Continuous Training in Sedentary College Men

In recent years, fitness concepts have continuously evolved, with many seeking to improve and enhance their physical condition through exercise to achieve better athletic performance. Aerobic exercise not only increases lipid utilization but also boosts athletic performance. Consequently, various aerobic exercise equipment has become increasingly popular in the market. Due to the pandemic's impact in recent years, people have rarely ventured outdoors, making indoor exercise equipment increasingly popular for home workouts. Spinning has emerged as a widely adopted new fitness activity, accessible to all genders and ages. Many gyms even offer specialized spinning classes with variations in speed and resistance. However, past literature has predominantly focused on continuous-intensity spinning interventions, which do not reflect the diverse training variations found in actual spinning classes. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of incorporating high-intensity interval training (HIIT) into spinning on cardiorespiratory fitness.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Male; Sedentary Lifestlye
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: high intense interval training; Behavioral: moderate intense continue training; Behavioral: Control

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 30
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Taiwan
  • Daliao
    • Kaohsiung City, Daliao, Taiwan, 831301
      • No. 151, Jinxue Rd.

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• no regular exercise training in the past six months
• ability to safely perform high-intensity cycling exercise

Exclusion Criteria:

• musculoskeletal limitations that prevented cycling exercise
• recent infection
• known cardiopulmonary disease or medical history affecting cardiovascular or respiratory function
• smoking
• use of medications that may influence cardiopulmonary responses to exercise
• other contraindications to exercise testing according to the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) guidelines

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Factorial Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: high-intense interval training; Performed repeated high-intensity bouts at 75-80% of VO₂ reserve, interspersed with active recovery at 60-65% of VO₂ reserve, using a spinning bike.	Behavioral: high intense interval training; performed repeated high-intensity bouts at 75-80% of VO₂ reserve, interspersed with active recovery at 60-65% of VO₂ reserve, using a spinning bike
Placebo Comparator: moderate-intensity continuous training; At approximately 70% of VO₂ reserve, using a spinning bike.	Behavioral: moderate intense continue training; continuously at approximately 70% of VO₂ reserve, using spinning bike; Behavioral: Control; did not perform any exercise training
No Intervention: control group; did not perform any exercise training

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Cardiopulmonary fitness	VO2max (ml/kg/mL)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Baseline anthropometric of the participants	Age (yr)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Cardiopulmonary fitness	VEmax (L/min)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Cardiopulmonary fitness	maximal workload (W)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Cardiopulmonary fitness	AT% (%VO₂max)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Cardiopulmonary fitness	Resting O₂ pulse (mL·beat-¹)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Cardiopulmonary fitness	Max O₂ pulse (mL·beat-¹)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Cardiopulmonary fitness	MIP (cmH2O)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Cardiopulmonary fitness	MEP (cmH2O)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Baseline anthropometric of the participants	Height (cm)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Baseline anthropometric of the participants	Weight (kg)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Baseline anthropometric of the participants	BMI (kg/m²)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Lung function	FEV1 (L)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Lung functionWeight	FVC (L)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Lung function	FEV₁/FVC (%)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Lung function	FEF25-75% (L·s-¹)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Lung function	PEF (L·min-¹)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Lung function	MVV (L·min-¹)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Lung function	Breathing reserve (%)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks
Lung function	Dynamic Index (DI%)	Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Fooyin University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 1, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): January 30, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): February 28, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 21, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 29, 2025
• First Posted (Actual): December 30, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 30, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 29, 2025
• Last Verified: August 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: 113-233

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No