Effects of Music Therapy on Anesthetic Requirements and Hemodynamic Parameters

Effects of Music Therapy on Anesthetic Requirements and Hemodynamic Parameters in Thoracic Surgery Patients

Music therapy has been reported to reduce analgesic and anesthetic requirements, but evidence in thoracic surgery remains limited. This prospective observational study aimed to evaluate the effects of different music types on hemodynamic stability and anesthetic consumption in patients undergoing thoracic surgery.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Thoracic Surgery; Music Therapy; Hemodynamic Changes; Anesthetic Consumption
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: music therapy during surgery

Detailed Description

After institutional ethics approval and written informed consent, 159 adult patients (ASA I-III) scheduled for elective thoracic surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled. Patients were randomized by sealed-envelope method into three groups: Group T (Sufi music), Group B (Classical Western music), and Group C (control, no music). Music was delivered via over-ear headphones from induction until the end of surgery. Sedation was evaluated using the Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale (RSAS), and pain using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Hemodynamic variables, anesthetic agent consumption, and postoperative recovery parameters were recorded.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 159

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey (Türkiye)
  • Adana
    • Adana, Adana, Turkey (Türkiye), 01380
      • Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine Anesthesiology Department

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

All patients who will undergo thoracic surgery under general anesthesia and meet the criteria of being over 18 years of age

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 18 and over,
• American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification I-III,
• No hearing acuity,
• Volunteer to participate in the study,
• Cooperative and oriented,
• No history of psychiatric illness and/or psychiatric medication use,

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients who were under 18 years,
• ASA classification >III,
• had hearing loss,
• had a psychiatric diagnosis and/or were taking antipsychotic/antidepressant/mood stabilizer medications,
• were uncooperative (dementia, mental retardation, etc.),
• Major complications during the intraoperative or postoperative period, (respiratory failure, hemodynamic instability, hypoxia, serious arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, etc.)
• Emergency surgery,
• had a history of alcohol or drug abuse,
• did not speak Turkish,
• did not consent to participate in the study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

3

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Group 1: Sufi music group; In the sufi music group, sufi music was played through over-ear headphones; the volume was adjusted based on patient comfort and confirmed with the patient. Music playback was initiated alongside routine monitoring and continued throughout the surgery, ending when the patient was transferred to the stretcher after extubation.	Other: music therapy during surgery; In the music groups, music was played through over-ear headphones; the volume was adjusted based on patient comfort and confirmed with the patient. Music playback was initiated alongside routine monitoring and continued throughout the surgery, ending when the patient was transferred to the stretcher after extubation. For infection control purposes, headphone sponges were changed for each patient.
Group 2: Classical Western music group; In the classical Western music group, music was played through over-ear headphones; the volume was adjusted based on patient comfort and confirmed with the patient. Music playback was initiated alongside routine monitoring and continued throughout the surgery, ending when the patient was transferred to the stretcher after extubation.	Other: music therapy during surgery; In the music groups, music was played through over-ear headphones; the volume was adjusted based on patient comfort and confirmed with the patient. Music playback was initiated alongside routine monitoring and continued throughout the surgery, ending when the patient was transferred to the stretcher after extubation. For infection control purposes, headphone sponges were changed for each patient.
Group 3: no music group; In the no music group, the patient was not allowed to listen to any type of music during surgery.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
anesthetic consumption	desfluran consumption during surgery (mL)	during surgery
anesthetic consumption	Induction propofol dose (mg)	during induction of anesthesia

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
hemodynamic parameters	systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	during surgery, 48 hour after surgery
hemodynamic parameters	diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	during surgery, 48 hour after surgery
hemodynamic parameters	mean arterial pressure (mmHg)	during surgery, 48 hour after surgery
hemodynamic parameters	heart rate (beats/min)	during surgery, 48 hour after surgery

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Cukurova University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Mediha Turktan, M.D., Çukurova University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 1, 2025
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 31, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): December 31, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 15, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 29, 2025
• First Posted (Actual): January 7, 2026

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 17, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 16, 2026
• Last Verified: October 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: music01

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No