TENS With Proprioceptive-Visual Training on Gait Parameters in CP

January 7, 2026 updated by: Mostafa S Ali, Cairo University

TENS With Proprioceptive-Visual Training on Gait Parameters in Children With Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of TENS with proprioceptive - visual training on gait parameters in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Two groups of thirty diplegic CP children, ages 4 to 6, were randomly assigned to receive proprioceptive-visual training as the control group and TENS with proprioceptive - visual training as the research group. For eight weeks, both groups received therapy three times a week. Prior to and during the intervention period, each participant had an evaluation by gait analysis.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

30

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Egypt
      • Giza, Egypt, 11432
        • Cairo University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Diplegic CP children who were between the ages of 4 and 6 years
  • spasticity grades were 1 and 1+ according to modified Ashworth Scale
  • gross motor function classification system at level II and III

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Children who have visual impairments, hearing damage
  • received Botulinum Toxin injections or oral antispasticity medications within the past 6 months
  • fixed deformities at lower limbs
  • inability to understand the task

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: control group
receive proprioceptive-visual training
Device: 1. Tekscan Walkway system
It includes sensors (4 sensels/cm2) with a resolution of up to 185 Hz, a digital mat (195.5 cm long by 44.2 cm wide) placed in a wooden pathway, and a pressure sensor (1 to 862 kPa). The plasma screen faces the walkway and is 1.5 meters high and 7 meters away. It displays pictures that are mirrored from seven pressure points (forming the contour of the foot). if the foot's heel, midfoot, forefoot, fifth metatarsal, third-fourth, second, and first metatarsals are the seven areas of pressure. Data such as maximum peak pressure (kPa), stance time (s), cadence, gait time (s), distance (cm), velocity (cm/s), and transmission hardware (cable and sensor-interface or so-called handle) will be extrapolated using a computer running The Tekscan Software (version 7).
Experimental: study group
TENS with proprioceptive - visual training
Device: 1. Tekscan Walkway system
It includes sensors (4 sensels/cm2) with a resolution of up to 185 Hz, a digital mat (195.5 cm long by 44.2 cm wide) placed in a wooden pathway, and a pressure sensor (1 to 862 kPa). The plasma screen faces the walkway and is 1.5 meters high and 7 meters away. It displays pictures that are mirrored from seven pressure points (forming the contour of the foot). if the foot's heel, midfoot, forefoot, fifth metatarsal, third-fourth, second, and first metatarsals are the seven areas of pressure. Data such as maximum peak pressure (kPa), stance time (s), cadence, gait time (s), distance (cm), velocity (cm/s), and transmission hardware (cable and sensor-interface or so-called handle) will be extrapolated using a computer running The Tekscan Software (version 7).
Device: TENS
Electrical stimulation will be delivered by means of self-adherent surface electrodes (Encore plus), using a programmable electrical stimulator, providing monophasic rectangular pulse trains. Electrodes were attached over the belly of the rectus femoris and tibialis anterior muscles. The quadriceps and the dorsiflexors were selected due to their dominance in establishing a normal and efficient gait. TENS was applied for 20 minutes during gait training. The parameters selected for the electrical stimulation will be as follows: frequency 20Hz, pulse-width 0.25 msec, and intensity will be individually adjusted for each subject

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
cadence
Time Frame: 8 weeks
investigators measure cadence
8 weeks
step length and width
Time Frame: 8 weeks
investigators measure step length, width
8 weeks
gait velocity
Time Frame: 8 weeks
investigators measure gait velocity
8 weeks
gait time
Time Frame: 8 weeks
investigators measure gait time
8 weeks
foot angle
Time Frame: 8 weeks
investigators measure foot angle
8 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Cairo University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: mostafa ali, professor, associate professor for pediatrics

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

April 10, 2025

Primary Completion (Actual)

July 20, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

September 1, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

December 19, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 7, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

January 14, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

January 14, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 7, 2026

Last Verified

January 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • P.T.REC/012/006102

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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