Different Reality Simulation Education Methods on Nursing Students (Experimental)

Comparison of the Effects of Different Reality Simulation Education Methods on Nursing Students' Knowledge, Skills, Satisfaction and Self-Confidence Levels Related to Tracheal Aspiration: A Randomized Controlled Trial

To compare the impact of simulation practices using a high-reality simulator, hybrid simulator and task-trainers on tracheal aspiration levels of nursing students' knowledge, skills, satisfaction, and self-confidence.

Study Overview

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Conditions: Simulation Training
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: High-Fidelity Simulation; Other: Hybrid Simulation; Other: Training mannequin

Detailed Description

The study will be conducted as a randomized controlled experimental study to compare the impact of simulation practices using a high-reality simulator, hybrid simulator and task-trainers on tracheal aspiration levels of nursing students' knowledge, skills, satisfaction, and self-confidence. The project's goal is to learn a simulation scenario, which is the application of tracheal aspiration. The nursing students in Experimental 1 group will be trained with a high-reality simulator, the Experimental 2 group with a hybrid simulator with simulation applications and the Control group with the skill machete as a routine practice.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 102
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey (Türkiye)
  • Trabzon, Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Karadeniz Technical University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being a first-year nursing student and currently continuing education,
• Having attended the tracheal aspiration (TA) theoretical and laboratory training provided within the scope of this study,
• Agreeing to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Not having attended the TA theoretical and laboratory training provided within the scope of this study,
• Having prior educational experience related to basic nursing skills,
• Currently studying in or having graduated from a vocational health high school or any health-related high school, associate, or undergraduate program,
• Refusing to participate in the study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Experimental: Group 1: High-Fidelity Simulation Group; Experimental Group 1 (High-Fidelity Simulation Group): Nursing students in this group will receive training using a high-fidelity (high-reality) simulator. The simulation scenario will be conducted in a fully immersive environment designed to closely replicate clinical conditions.	Other: High-Fidelity Simulation; It is life-sized and allows for the application of different patient scenarios, simulating eye blinking, pupil reaction, speech sounds, normal and abnormal respiratory and heart sounds, enabling the measurement of normal and abnormal vital signs (oxygen saturation, respiration, pulse, blood pressure, body temperature), allowing for peripheral venous catheterization and bladder catheterization, featuring movable head and chin, a flexible mouth structure for insertion of the endotracheal tube, and facilitating aspiration procedures.
Experimental: Experimental: Group 2: Hybrid Simulation Group; Experimental Group 2 (Hybrid Simulation Group): Nursing students in this group will be trained using a hybrid simulation model that combines simulation-based applications with additional instructional components.	Other: Hybrid Simulation; This technique is based on simulating the intermediate devices used in diagnosis and treatment, rather than simulating the human body itself. In patient diagnosis and treatment, values are monitored on a patient monitor, sounds from various parts of the body are listened to with a stethoscope, and other procedures are performed using similar intermediate devices. Therefore, simulating these intermediate devices provides a similar simulation experience.
Other: Control Group: Routine Skills Training Group; Control Group (Routine Skills Training Group): Students in the control group will receive traditional skills training using a standard skills mannequin as part of routine laboratory practice.	Other: Training mannequin; The skills mannequin is a life-size, training simulation dummy routinely used in laboratory classes. It allows for the step-by-step performance of tracheal aspiration (TA), features a flexible mouth structure enabling insertion of an endotracheal tube, and can simulate normal/abnormal breathing and heart sounds. It also has features supporting the measurement of vital signs such as oxygen saturation, respiration, pulse, blood pressure, and body temperature.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Tracheal Aspiration Knowledge Test	How do different simulation methods affect students' knowledge levels regarding tracheal aspiration procedure? The Tracheal Aspiration Knowledge Test is a 20-item assessment tool developed by researchers based on the literature.	before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and at a two-week follow-up
Tracheal Aspiration Skill Checklist	Is there a significant difference in students' tracheal aspiration skill levels between applications performed with a high-fidelity simulator, a hybrid simulator, and a skill dummy? The Tracheal Aspiration Skills Checklist consists of three sections: pre-aspiration, implementation, and post-procedure evaluation. Each step is scored as "performed correctly" (2 points), "performed incompletely/incorrectly" (1 point), or "not performed" (0 points).	before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and at a two-week follow-up
Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Scale	How do different simulation methods affect students' satisfaction and self-confidence levels regarding tracheal aspiration procedures? This scale measures students' satisfaction and self-confidence in learning within a simulation environment. It consists of a total of 12 items. Each item is rated on a five-point Likert scale, where 1 represents the lowest score and 5 represents the highest score.	before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and at a two-week follow-up

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Simulation Design Scale	The scale consists of two sections. The first section evaluates whether the best practice simulation design elements were implemented during the simulation, while the second section assesses the degree to which the simulation experience is important for students. The scale includes five subscales and a total of 20 items. Each item is evaluated in two ways. In the first section, responses range from "Strongly Disagree," "Disagree," "Undecided," "Agree," "Strongly Agree," to "Not Applicable." In the second section, which measures the importance of the simulation for students, responses range from "Not Important," "Somewhat Important," "Undecided," "Important," to "Very Important."	immediately after the intervention

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Karadeniz Technical University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 1, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): May 5, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): March 5, 2027

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 20, 2026
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 20, 2026
• First Posted (Actual): February 27, 2026

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 27, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 20, 2026
• Last Verified: February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Nursing education; tracheal aspiration; simulation technics
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2026-KTUHEM-61; TÜBİTAK (Other Identifier: The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK))

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No