Resonance Breathing and Postural Resonance: Acute Modulation of Autonomic and Hemodynamic Responses Via Arterial Baroreflex Mechanisms (Autonomic)

This study aimed to compare the acute autonomic and hemodynamic effects of two arterial baroreflex resonance interventions-Resonance Breathing (RB) and Postural Resonance (PR)-in healthy young adults. Methods: A randomized crossover design was conducted in 27 healthy participants (aged 18-25). Each participant completed three experimental sessions (control, RB, and PR) separated by a 5-day washout period. Each session included a 15-minute baseline, a 15-minute intervention, and a 5-min recovery phase. Continuous recordings of skin sympathetic nerve activity (SKNA) and heart rate variability (HRV) were collected throughout each session, while blood pressure (BP) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured before and after the interventions.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Autonomic Nervous System Disease
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Resonance Breathing; Behavioral: Postural Resonance

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 30
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• China
  • Dongcheng
    • Beijing, Dongcheng, China, 100010
      • No. 11, Gongyi Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• 18-30 years old

Exclusion Criteria:

• No history of systematic professional sports training; Right-hand dominance (as assessed by the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory). Participants were excluded from the study if they had any of the following: Smoking, chronic alcohol consumption, or the use of psychotropic drugs or other substances affecting the nervous system; Irregular menstrual cycle; History of peripheral neuropathy or other autonomic nervous system disorders; Pre-existing cardiovascular diseases or abnormal electrocardiograms (ECG); Use of hormonal contraceptives; Uncontrolled hypertension or hypotension; Recent major life stressors; Regular practice of meditation or participation in psychotherapy; Presence of any movement disorders or inability to comprehend the experimental instructions.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental: Intervention Arm; Participants receive structured Resonance Breathing and Postural Resonance training aimed at modulating baroreflex function, autonomic balance, and hemodynamic responses. All measurements are conducted at baseline and following intervention.

Behavioral: Resonance Breathing; A structured intervention focusing on resonance breathing ( slow, rhythmic breathing at spontaneous resonance frequency ) . The protocol aims to acutely modulate autonomic nervous system activity and hemodynamic responses via stimulation of the arterial baroreflex.; Behavioral: Postural Resonance; A structured intervention focusing on postural resonance alignment. The protocol aims to acutely modulate autonomic nervous system activity and hemodynamic responses via stimulation of the arterial baroreflex. Sessions include guided breathing practice, postural adjustment, and feedback on breathing mechanics

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Skin sympathetic nerve activity	Skin sympathetic nerve activity (SKNA) was recorded non-invasively at the chest wall using a dedicated SKNA monitoring system. Measurements were obtained at baseline (pre-intervention) and immediately following completion of the resonance breathing and postural resonance intervention, to assess acute changes in sympathetic nervous system activity.	Baseline (pre-intervention) and immediately post-intervention (within 5 minutes of intervention completion)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Changes in Resting Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure	Resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured in a seated position using a validated automated sphygmomanometer. Measurements were collected at baseline (pre-intervention) and immediately post-intervention, to evaluate acute hemodynamic changes following the resonance breathing and postural resonance intervention.	Baseline (pre-intervention) and immediately post-intervention (within 5 minutes of intervention completion)
Changes in Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV)	Pulse wave velocity (PWV), a non-invasive marker of arterial stiffness, was assessed using a validated vascular screening device. Measurements were obtained at baseline (pre-intervention) and immediately post-intervention, to evaluate acute changes in arterial function following the intervention.	Baseline (pre-intervention) and immediately post-intervention (within 5 minutes of intervention completion)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Beijing Sport University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 1, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 15, 2024
• Study Completion (Actual): April 10, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 12, 2026
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 12, 2026
• First Posted (Actual): April 17, 2026

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 17, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 12, 2026
• Last Verified: April 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Blood pressure; Autonomic nervous system; Arterial baroreflex; Skin sympathetic nerve activity; Resonance intervention
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2023091801; 23-50 and 24-30 (Other Grant/Funding Number: China Instatute of Spoet Science)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No