Observational Study of Drug Naive Diabetes Receiving Insulin Therapy

Inclusion Criteria:

for type 2 diabetes:

1. Male or female age ≧ 25 years and ≦75 years old
2. HbA1c ≧8.0%
3. durg naive

for normal controls：

1. Male or female age ≧ 25 years and ≦75 years old
2. Normal glucose tolerance confirmed by oral glucose tolerance test

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Islet antibody positive
2. Athletes, has a history of skeletal muscle injury ( trauma or surgery ), skeletal muscle wasting diseases ( such as mitochondrial myopathy, muscular atrophy, etc )
3. Acute infection(such as cute upper respiratory infection, acute pneumonia)
4. long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs
5. consists with other endocrine diseases
6. pregnancy
7. cancer
8. use of antibiotics in 3 months
9. chronic digestive inflammations
10. magnetic resonance imaging contraindications