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Assessment of Navigation Abilities in Children With Cerebral Palsy and Their Peers

5. november 2026 opdateret af: IRCCS Eugenio Medea

Evaluation of Spatial Navigation Skills in Typically Developing Children and in Children With Cerebral Palsy Using a Head Mounted Display

Spatial navigation skills are very important in everyday activities and quality of life but spatial navigation abilities are not part of the standard process of assessment and rehabilitation of patients. Furthermore, it is known that children with cerebral palsy have impaired visuo-spatial competences. The main objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the spatial navigation abilities of typically developing children and of children with cerebral palsy using the "StarMaze" application delivered by means of a Head Mounted Display (HMD). The second aim is to investigate the user experience during the session. A similar application was already developed and tested in a virtual reality large scale platform whose size and cost limit the accessibility. Therefore, the assessment (and future training) of navigation abilities with affordable and easy-to-use technology such as HMD open new perspectives.

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

37

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

    • Lecco
      • Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italien, 23842
        • Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

13 år og ældre (Barn, Voksen, Ældre voksen)

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Køn, der er berettiget til at studere

Alle

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • IQ higher than 70

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Subjects with epileptic issues
  • Subjects with poor head control
  • Visual acuity not correctable with eyeglasses

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Grundvidenskab
  • Tildeling: Ikke-randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Ingen (Åben etiket)

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: CP group

Participants with cerebral palsy are recruited.

They undergo a baseline assessment (including cognitive level and pen and paper tests for visuo-spatial abilities). Then they perform a spatial navigation assessment with an immersive virtual reality application delivered by the Oculus Quest viewer. The spatial navigation application consists of a 5-way star-maze adapted from (Biffi et al 2020 Front. Psychol.) where the participants have to find a treasure hidden at the end of one way. The application measures both the learning of spatial information and the strategy used (egocentric or allocentric).

After the session, the participants fill questionnaires related to cyber-sickness and usability of the application.

Eksperimentel: TD group

Typically developing children are recruited.

They undergo a baseline assessment (including cognitive level and pen and paper tests for visuo-spatial abilities). Then they perform a spatial navigation assessment with an immersive virtual reality application delivered by the Oculus Quest viewer. The spatial navigation application consists of a 5-way star-maze adapted from (Biffi et al 2020 Front. Psychol.) where the participants have to find a treasure hidden at the end of one way. The application measures both the learning of spatial information and the strategy used (egocentric or allocentric).

After the session, the participants fill questionnaires related to cyber-sickness and usability of the application.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Navigation strategy
Tidsramme: One day

The navigation strategy is measured by the application "StarMaze" delivered by the Oculus Quest viewer and it could be egocentric or allocentric. The strategy is egocentric if the participant finds the treasure in the virtual space by using a self-centred trajectory. The strategy is allocentric if the participant find the treasure in the virtual space by using a trajectory based on environmental cues.

One day

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Learning rate
Tidsramme: One day

The learning rate of correct path to follow to find the treasure strategy is measured by the application "StarMaze" delivered by the Oculus Quest viewer. It is the number of trials required by the participant to reach a stable performance

One day
Simulator Sickness Questionnaire
Tidsramme: One day

The questionnaire evaluates the effects of cyber sickness. Participants have to score 16 symptoms on a four-point scale (0-3).The symptoms can be placed into three general categories: oculomotor, disorientation, and nausea. Weights are assigned to each of the categories and summed together to obtain a single score.

One day
System Usability Scale
Tidsramme: One day

It evaluates the usability of the system. The SUS is a simple, ten-item five-point Likert scale giving a global view of subjective assessments of usability.

One day
Independent Television Commission-Sense of Presence Inventory
Tidsramme: One day

It is a 5-point Likert scale, composed of 44 items. This questionnaire evaluates the user experience to understand if the person enjoyed the game, the setting, and the overall experience. In particular, the questionnaire addresses four factors: spatial presence, engagement, realness of the environment, and side effects (cyber sickness).

One day
Suitability Evaluation Questionnaire - simplified version
Tidsramme: One day

It evaluates the sense of agency with four questions (likert scale 1-5) and one open question.

One day
Short-form of PANAS-Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scales
Tidsramme: One day

In the questionnaire, the participant must evaluate how much s/he feels in the way described by the adjective when filling out the questionnaire, responding on a 5-point Likert scale. The PANAS provides measures of Positive Affects (PAs) and Negative Affects (NAs). The PA and NA scores are the sums of the ratings of the PA items and the NA items, respectively. PA indicates the level of pleasurable engagement with the product while NA is a general factor of subjective distress.

One day

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

7. februar 2023

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

28. oktober 2026

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

28. oktober 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

13. marts 2024

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

13. marts 2024

Først opslået (Faktiske)

20. marts 2024

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

10. november 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

5. november 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. november 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • GIP 1021

Lægemiddel- og udstyrsoplysninger, undersøgelsesdokumenter

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