SCREENING OF EPIGENETIC BIOMARKERS (miRNAs) IN THE GINGIVAL SULCUS

Periodontal patients.

Taking gingival Crevicular fluid.

Diagnostisk test: Levels of epigenetic biomarkers present in the gingival fluid and its possible relationship with bone metabolism.

Once the anamnesis has been done, all the records corresponding to the Gingival Index and Plaque Index, in both groups are taken.

Subsequently, samples of gingival crevicular fluid are taken for the screening of epigenetic biomarkers.

Periodontally healthy patients.

Taking gingival Crevicular fluid.

Diagnostisk test: Levels of epigenetic biomarkers present in the gingival fluid and its possible relationship with bone metabolism.

Once the anamnesis has been done, all the records corresponding to the Gingival Index and Plaque Index, in both groups are taken.

Subsequently, samples of gingival crevicular fluid are taken for the screening of epigenetic biomarkers.

microRNA in gingival crevicular fluid (physiological parameter).

Insert the Perio Paper® tip in gingival sulcus until resistance is felt and leave it for 30 seconds.

Probing depth.

Probing depth will be measured in six sites (disto-buccal, mid-buccal, mesio-buccal, disto-palatal, mid-palatal and mesio- palatal) of every teeth with a Williams Probe PQ-OW 208 396. This probe is used by gently hanging pressure into a pocket measuring 20 grams in weight.

Bleeding on probing.

Full mouth bleeding score (FMBS) will be calculated based on scores of 0 (no bleeding) or 1 (bleeding) after probing for PD. The usual thing to do is to measure at 4 points for each tooth but we have modified the index and we valorate them at 6 points. (disto-buccal, mid-buccal, mesio-buccal, disto-palatal, mid-palatal and mesio- palatal).

Clinical recession.

Clinical recession will be measured in the same six sites as before between the Amelocemental junction and the gingival margin.

Plaque score of Silness y löe: (1964)

The Plaque will be scored as follows:

Score 0 = No plaque

Score 1 = A film of plaque adhering to the free gingival margin and adjacent area of the tooth. The plaque may be seen in situ only after application of disclosing solution or by using the probe on the tooth surface.

Score 2 = Moderate accumulation of soft deposits within the gingival pocket, or on the tooth and gingival margin, which can be seen with the naked eye.

Score 3 = Abundance of soft matter within the gingival pocket and/or on the tooth and gingival margin.

The usual thing to do is to evaluate at 4 points for each tooth but we have modified the index and we will evaluate at 6 points. (disto-buccal, mid-buccal, mesio-buccal, disto-palatal, mid-palatal and mesio- palatal)

Dental movility of Mïller 1950

Class I

Up to 1 mm of movement in a horizontal direction.

Class II Greater than 1 mm of movement in a horizontal direction. Class III

Excessive horizontal movement and vertical movement.

Furcation affection.

Class I:

The level of bone loss allows for the insertion of the periodontal Nabers probe into the concavity of the root trunk. Furcation defect is less than 3 mm is depth.

Class II The level of bone loss allows for the insertion of a periodontal probe into the furcation area between the roots. Furcation defect is at least 3 mm in depth (and thus, in general, surpassing half of the buccolingual thickness of the tooth) but not through-and-through (i.e. there is still some interradicular bone attached to the angle of the furcation.

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Class III The level of bone loss allows for "through and through" access of the furcation area. Buccal to lingual on lower molars. Buccal to mesio-palatal and disto-palatal on upper molars. Furcation defect encompassing the entire width of the tooth so that no bone is attached to the angle of the furcation.