The Role of the Thymus in Type I Diabetes. (TregDiab)

In the thymus of an animal model of type I diabetes, the population of regulatory T cells expresses a repertoire of antigen receptors that is approximately ten-fold less diverse than that found in mice resistant to autoimmune pathology. Genetic models later showed that this reduced diversity was involved in the susceptibility to diabetes. Researchers study the diversity of the TCR expressed by regulatory T cells from paediatric type I diabetes patients and controls. Regulatory T cells emigrated from the thymus will be isolated from the blood of patients and healthy controls. The repertoire of antigen-receptors will be analysed by high throughput sequencing and its diversity estimated using appropriate statistical models borrowed from ecology.