Behavioral Interventions for Control of TB
Behavioral Interventions for Control of Tuberculosis
To compare alternative methods to ensure completion of treatment and preventive therapy for tuberculosis (TB) in inner cities, and to identify the most cost-effective methods to accomplish that. The basis for comparison included adherence rates and cost savings as primary outcomes, and other parameters such as patient satisfaction, development of social networks, and participation in support programs as secondary outcomes.
Two clinical trials were conducted with patients from Harlem. Among those with active disease, a clinic-based surrogate family model was compared to traditional community-based directly observed therapy (DOT). Among those eligible for preventive therapy, a community-based intervention conducted by trained graduates of a TB DOT program (peer workers) was compared to traditional self-administered preventive treatment.
Studieöversikt
Status
Betingelser
Intervention / Behandling
Detaljerad beskrivning
Tuberculosis was on the decline from the mid 1950s until the mid 1980s; however, the United States is now experiencing a resurgence of tuberculosis. In 1992, approximately 27,000 new cases were reported, an increase of about 20 percent from 1985 to 1992. Not only are tuberculosis cases on the increase, but a serious aspect of the problem is the recent occurence of outbreaks of multidrug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis, which poses an urgent public health problem and requires rapid intervention.
Control programs involve two major components. First, and of highest priority, is to detect persons with active tuberculosis and treat them with effective antituberculosis drugs, which prevents death from tuberculosis and stops the transmission of infection to other persons. Treatment of active tuberculosis involves taking multiple antituberculosis drugs daily or several times weekly for at least six months. Failure to take the medications for the full treatment period may mean that the disease is not cured and may recur. If sufficient medications are not prescribed early and taken regularly, the tuberculosis organism can become resistant to the drugs, and the drug resistant tuberculosis then may be transmitted to other persons. Drug resistant disease is difficult and expensive to treat, and in some cases, cannot be treated with available medications.
The second major goal of control efforts is the detection and treatment of persons who do not have active tuberculosis, but who have latent tuberculosis infection. These people may be at high risk of developing active tuberculosis. The only approved treatment modality for preventive therapy requires treatment daily or twice weekly for a minimum of six months, and many patients do not complete the full course of therapy. Public and patient programs are needed to increase the awareness of the problems associated with tuberculosis control.
The study is part of the NHLBI initiative "Behavioral Interventions for Control of Tuberculosis" . The concept for the initiative originated from the National Institutes of Health Working Group on Health and Behavior. The Request for Applications was released in October, 1994.
Studietyp
Inskrivning (Faktisk)
Kontakter och platser
Studieorter
-
-
New York
-
New York, New York, Förenta staterna, 10023
- Columbia University
-
-
Deltagandekriterier
Urvalskriterier
Åldrar som är berättigade till studier
Tar emot friska volontärer
Kön som är behöriga för studier
Testmetod
Studera befolkning
Beskrivning
Inclusion Criteria:
-Patients with suspected and confirmed TB
Exclusion Criteria:
-Patients that are not a part of the therapy program established at Harlem Hospital, New York City
Studieplan
Hur är studien utformad?
Designdetaljer
- Observationsmodeller: Case-Control
- Tidsperspektiv: Blivande
Kohorter och interventioner
Grupp / Kohort |
Intervention / Behandling |
|---|---|
|
Community-based therapy (case)
Community-based directly observed therapy (DOT) - A community-based intervention conducted by trained graduates of a TB directly observed therapy (DOT) program (peer workers)
|
A community-based intervention conducted by trained graduates of a TB directly observed therapy (DOT) program (peer workers)
Andra namn:
|
|
Self-administered treatment (control)
Clinic directly observed therapy (DOT) - Traditional self-administered preventive treatment
|
A traditional self-administered preventive treatment
Andra namn:
|
Vad mäter studien?
Primära resultatmått
Resultatmått |
Åtgärdsbeskrivning |
Tidsram |
|---|---|---|
|
Visit adherence rate
Tidsram: At the end of study
|
Prevalence of suspected and confirmed tuberculosis patients that continued treatment
|
At the end of study
|
Sekundära resultatmått
Resultatmått |
Åtgärdsbeskrivning |
Tidsram |
|---|---|---|
|
Treatment completion rate
Tidsram: At end of study
|
Prevalence of suspected and confirmed tuberculosis patients that completed treatment
|
At end of study
|
Samarbetspartners och utredare
Sponsor
Samarbetspartners
Utredare
- Huvudutredare: Wafaa El-Sadr, MD, University Professor; Director, ICAP, Department of Epidemiology
Studieavstämningsdatum
Studera stora datum
Studiestart
Primärt slutförande (Faktisk)
Avslutad studie (Faktisk)
Studieregistreringsdatum
Först inskickad
Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna
Första postat (Uppskatta)
Uppdateringar av studier
Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Uppskatta)
Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna
Senast verifierad
Mer information
Termer relaterade till denna studie
Ytterligare relevanta MeSH-villkor
Andra studie-ID-nummer
- CUMC ID unknown (4948)
- R01HL055751 (U.S.S. NIH-anslag/kontrakt)
Plan för individuella deltagardata (IPD)
Studiedata/dokument
Läkemedels- och apparatinformation, studiedokument
Studerar en amerikansk FDA-reglerad läkemedelsprodukt
Studerar en amerikansk FDA-reglerad produktprodukt
produkt tillverkad i och exporterad från U.S.A.
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