Quantification of Proteomes: L-plastin , Lipocalin and Adiponectin in Chronic Periodontitis and Diabetic Subjects

The quantification of the proteomes : L-plastin, lipocalin and adiponectin was analysed in the subgingival tissue samples of generalized severe chronic periodontitis patients with and without diabetes mellitus.A total of 70 subjects with generalized severe chronic periodontitis were selected and divided into two groups. Group I comprised of 35 subjects who were diagnosed with generalized severe chronic periodontitis without any systemic conditions. Group II comprised of generalized severe chronic periodontitis patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Demographic variables such as age, weight, height, BMI and income and the clinical parameters such as plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level were recorded. Subgingival tissue samples were collected from both the groups from the periodontal surgical site. The collected samples were subjected to further molecular analysis for the mRNA expression of L-plastin, lipocalin and adiponectin using RT-PCR and for their protein quantification using ELISA.The elevated levels of mRNA expression and elevated quantification of L-plastin and Lipocalin proteins in the subgingival tissue samples of generalized severe chronic periodontitis subjects with diabetes denoted the localized involvement of these molecules in the pathogenesis of both periodontitis and type II diabetes mellitus. Since adiponectin was reduced in periodontitis patients with type II diabetes mellitus, it can be used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic biomarker for the early identification of patients at risk for diabetes mellitus and periodontitis.