Exercise Regulation of Human Adipose Tissue

August 13, 2025 updated by: Joslin Diabetes Center
The purpose of this study is to determine whether exercise training leads to changes in the white adipose tissue that are beneficial to the body's regulation of sugar and body weight.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in the United States and worldwide has risen dramatically over the last few decades, resulting in an enormous need for new therapies to treat these conditions. The discovery that beiging of subcutaneous white adipose tissue may increase energy expenditure has led to tremendous interest in beige cells as a potential treatment for diabetes and obesity. An established treatment for type 2 diabetes and obesity is endurance exercise training. Exercise training can improve systemic homeostasis, and although adaptations to skeletal muscle play a critical role in these effects, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Moreover, the contributions of other tissues in these beneficial effects of exercise on metabolism have not been intensively investigated. The study team hypothesizes that exercise training results in fundamental changes to white adipose tissue, including beiging, and these adaptations play an important role in the effects of exercise training to improve metabolic homeostasis.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
93

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Massachusetts
      • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02215
        • Joslin Diabetes Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

25 years to 55 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age: 25-55 years old at the time of screening

  • Body mass index (BMI) must be:

    • ≥20 and ≤ 27 kg/m2 for lean subjects
    • ≥25 and ≤ 37 kg/m2 for subjects with type 2 diabetes
    • ≥27 and ≤ 37 kg/m2 for obese/overweight subjects

  • HbA1c values:

    • ≤5.7 ± 0.1% for lean and overweight/obese subjects
    • 6.5 ± 0.1% - 9.0 ± 0.1% for subjects with type 2 diabetes

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Age <25 and >55 years old
  • Type 1 Diabetes
  • HbA1c ≥ 9.0%
  • Heart or lung disease
  • Basal-Bolus Insulin regimen
  • Use of beta-blockers or thiazolidinediones
  • Acute systemic infection accompanied by fever, body aches, or swollen lymph glands
  • BMI ≥ 37 kg/m2
  • Current dieting or weight loss efforts
  • Current pregnant or breastfeeding
  • Known history of HIV/AIDS or certain cancers
  • Biochemical evidence of renal or hepatic dysfunction; renal or liver disease
  • Demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  • Recent blood donation
  • Clinical history of stroke
  • Severe hypertension (systolic > 160 mmHg or diastolic > 90 mmHg)
  • Inability to exercise at 50% of predicted heart rate (HR) reserve at baseline
  • Participants who screen positive for The American Heart Association's contraindications to exercise testing
  • History of keloid formation

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Factorial Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Moderate Intensity Training-Healthy Lean
Eligible subjects will undergo a 10-week moderate intensity exercise program.
Other: Exercise Intervention
10-Week Aerobic Exercise Training
Experimental: Moderate Intensity Training-Healthy Overweight/Obese
Eligible subjects will undergo a 10-week moderate intensity exercise program.
Other: Exercise Intervention
10-Week Aerobic Exercise Training
Experimental: Moderate Intensity Training-Overweight/Obese Type 2 Diabetes
Eligible subjects will undergo a 10-week moderate intensity exercise program.
Other: Exercise Intervention
10-Week Aerobic Exercise Training
Experimental: High Intensity Training-Healthy Lean.
Eligible subjects will undergo a 10-week high intensity exercise program
Other: Exercise Intervention
10-Week Aerobic Exercise Training

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Changes in Human Adipose Tissue Characteristics Following Exercise Training
Time Frame: Baseline measurement (week 0, prior to starting exercise training) and post-intervention measurement at week 10, after completion of exercise training.
Body fat percentage measured before and after exercise training with a bioelectrical impedance scale.
Baseline measurement (week 0, prior to starting exercise training) and post-intervention measurement at week 10, after completion of exercise training.
Changes in Human Adipose Tissue Characteristics Following Exercise Training
Time Frame: Baseline measurement (week 0, prior to starting exercise training) and post-intervention measurement at week 10, after completion of exercise training.
Body fat mass measured before and after exercise training with a bioelectrical impedance scale.
Baseline measurement (week 0, prior to starting exercise training) and post-intervention measurement at week 10, after completion of exercise training.
Changes in Human Adipose Tissue Characteristics Following Exercise Training
Time Frame: Baseline measurement (week 0, prior to starting exercise training) and post-intervention measurement at week 10, after completion of exercise training.
Body weight measured before and after exercise training with a bioelectrical impedance scale.
Baseline measurement (week 0, prior to starting exercise training) and post-intervention measurement at week 10, after completion of exercise training.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Joslin Diabetes Center

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Laurie J Goodyear, PhD, Joslin Diabetes Center

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
June 15, 2017

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
January 17, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
June 24, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
February 22, 2017

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 25, 2017

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
April 28, 2017

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
August 14, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 13, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
August 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 2016-33
  • R01DK112283 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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