AlloHCT From Matched Unrelated Donors in Pts w/ Advanced Hematologic Malignancies & Disorders

Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients With Hematological Malignancies Using Multiple Unrelated Cord Blood Units

RATIONALE: Giving chemotherapy with or without total-body irradiation before a donor umbilical cord blood transplant helps stop the growth of cancer or abnormal cells. It also helps stop the patient's immune system from rejecting the donor's stem cells. When the stem cells from a donor are infused into the patient they may help the patient's bone marrow make stem cells, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Sometimes the transplanted cells from a donor can make an immune response against the body's normal cells. Giving cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil before and after transplant may stop this from happening.

PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying how well four different chemotherapy regimens given with or without total-body irradiation before umbilical cord blood transplant work in treating patients with relapsed or refractory hematologic cancer.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Lymphoma; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Leukemia
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Cyclophosphamide; Procedure: allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Radiation: total-body irradiation; Biological: filgrastim; Drug: Cyclosporine; Procedure: umbilical cord blood transplantation; Drug: Melphalan; Drug: Busulfan; Drug: Mycophenolate Mofetil; Radiation: Fractionated total body irradiation; Drug: Fludarabine phosphate

Detailed Description

OBJECTIVES:

Primary

• To determine the survival at day 100 of patients with relapsed, refractory, or poor-risk hematological malignancies treated with four different preparative regimens followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using two unrelated umbilical cord blood (UCB) units.

Secondary

• To determine the incidence and timing of neutrophil engraftment in patients treated with these regimens.
• To determine the incidence and timing of platelet engraftment in patients treated with these regimens.
• To determine the incidence and severity of acute and chronic graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) in patients treated with these regimens.
• To determine the survival at day 180 in patients treated with these regimens.
• To determine the disease-free survival in patients treated with these regimens.
• To determine the incidence of primary and secondary engraftment failure in patients treated with these regimens.
• To determine the incidence of transplantation-related complications (e.g., infection, veno-occlusive disease of the liver, or organ toxicity) in these patients.
• To determine the incidence of post-transplantation-related lymphoproliferative disease, secondary myelodysplastic syndromes, or other secondary malignancies in these patients.
• To determine the incidence of relapse in patients treated with these regimens.
• To determine post-transplantation chimerism in patients treated with these regimens.
• To determine immune reconstitution in patients treated with these regimens.

OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study.

• Preparative regimens: Patients are assigned to 1 of 4 preparative regimens.

  • Regimen 1 (for patients < 50 years of age and no contraindication to fractionated total-body irradiation (FTBI): Patients undergo FTBI 2-3 times a day on days -9 to -6 for a total of 11 fractions. Patients also receive cyclophosphamide IV over 2 hours on days -5 and -4 and fludarabine phosphate IV on days -5 to -2.
  • Regimen 2 (for patients < 50 years of age and unable to tolerate FTBI due to prior dose-limiting radiotherapy or significant cardiotoxicity): Patients receive a test dose of busulfan on day -10 and then dose adjusted busulfan IV 3-4 times daily on days -9 to -6, melphalan IV on days -5 and -4, and fludarabine phosphate IV on days -5 to -2.
  • Regimen 3* (for patients unable to tolerate regimen 1 or 2; no age exclusion): Patients receive fludarabine phosphate IV on days -8 to -4 and cyclophosphamide IV over 2 hours on day -3 and undergo TBI (single dose) on day -2.
  • Regimen 4* (for patients unable to tolerate regimen 1 or 2): Patients receive fludarabine phosphate IV on days -7 to -3 and melphalan IV on day -2.

NOTE: *Treating physician decides the choice between regimen 3 and 4

• Umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplantation: Patients receive 2 combined units of UCB IV on day 0. Patients also receive G-CSF IV or subcutaneously beginning on day 5 (or later) and continuing until blood counts recover.
• Graft-versus-host-disease prophylaxis: Patients receive cyclosporine IV twice daily beginning on day -1 followed by a taper according to institutional guidelines. Patients also receive mycophenolate mofetil orally or IV beginning on day 0 and continuing until day 27 (or as clinically indicated).

After completion of study therapy, patients are followed periodically.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 10
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Arizona
    • Phoenix, Arizona, United States, 85006
      • Banner Good Samaritan Medical Center
  • California
    • Duarte, California, United States, 91010-3000
      • City of Hope Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 1 second to 120 years (Child, Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

• Histologically confirmed hematological or lymphatic malignancy, including any of the following:

  • Acute myeloid leukemia

    • Relapsed or primary refractory disease with < 10% blasts on peripheral blood smear
    • In first remission with poor risk factors and molecular prognosis [i.e., AML with -5, -7, t(6;9), tri8, -11] (preparative regimen 3 or 4)

  • Acute lymphocytic leukemia

    • In second complete remission or higher OR in first remission with poor risk factors, including any of the following (preparative regimen 1 or 2):

      • BCR/ABL by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
      • t(9;22)(q34;q11) detected by cytogenetics
      • Chromosomes < 44 by cytogenetics
      • DNA index < 0.81 by flow cytometry
      • Any rearrangement of chromosome 11 that results in disruption of MLL gene (11q23) by cytogenetics and SER
    • In first remission with poor risk factors and molecular prognosis [ALL with Philadelphia chromosome-positive t(9;22), t(4;22), (q34;q11)] (preparative regimen 3 or 4)

  • Chronic myelogenous leukemia

    • In accelerated phase or greater (preparative regimen 1 or 2)
    • In accelerated or second chronic phase (preparative regimen 3 or 4)

  • Myelodysplastic syndromes

    • With deletion of chromosome 7 or short arm of chromosome 5 (preparative regimen 1 or 2)
    • In high and high-intermediate risk categories (preparative regimen 3 or 4)
  • Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in relapse with marrow involvement
  • Refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia

• Patients deemed ineligible for conventional high-dose chemotherapy programs (i.e., regimens 1 or 2) due to any of the following concurrent medical conditions may be eligible for regimens 3 or 4 at the discretion of the treating physician and principal investigator (preparative regimen 3 or 4):

  • LVEF < 50% and > 40%
  • FEV1, FVC, or DLCO < 50%
  • Bilirubin > 3 mg/dL
  • Creatinine > 2 mg/dL

• Two partially HLA-matched umbilical cord blood (UCB) units available

  • HLA-matched minimally at 4 of 6 HLA-A, HLA-B, and -DRB1 loci with the patient

    • DRB1 matched by high resolution DNA typing
    • HLA-A and HLA-B matched by low resolution at the "serological match" level
  • Two pooled units with a nucleated cell number > 2.5 x 10^7/kg
• No available HLA-identical sibling or 1 antigen-mismatched related donor
• No available HLA-matched unrelated bone marrow donor

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

• See Disease Characteristics
• Karnofsky performance status (PS) 60-100% OR Lansky PS 60-100% OR Zubrod PS 0-1
• Physiological age 60 or less (at any chronological age)
• Weight > 50 kg
• Creatinine normal for age OR creatinine clearance by 24-hour urine collection or glomerular filtration rate > 60 mL/min
• Bilirubin ≤ 1.5 mg/dL
• LVEF ≥ 50%
• DLCO ≥ 60% of predicted
• No HIV-1 infection
• No active uncontrolled infection
• Not pregnant
• Negative pregnancy test
• Fertile patients must use effective contraception

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

• Recovered from prior intensive chemotherapy

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

4

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Regimen I (FTBI, Cyclophosphamide, Fludarabine); Patients undergo FTBI 2-3 times a day on days -9 to -6 for a total of 11 fractions. Patients also receive cyclophosphamide IV over 2 hours on days -5 and -4 and fludarabine phosphate IV on days -5 to -2. UCB transplantation: Patients receive 2 combined units of UCB IV on day 0. Patients also receive G-CSF IV or subcutaneously beginning on day 5 (or later) and continuing until blood counts recover. GVHD prophylaxis: Patients receive cyclosporine IV twice daily beginning on day -1 followed by a taper according to institutional guidelines. Patients also receive mycophenolate mofetil orally or IV beginning on day 0 and continuing until day 27 (or as clinically indicated).	Drug: Cyclophosphamide; Other Names: CTX; Procedure: allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Other Names: AlloHCT; Biological: filgrastim; Drug: Cyclosporine; Other Names: CsA; Procedure: umbilical cord blood transplantation; Drug: Mycophenolate Mofetil; Other Names: MMF; Radiation: Fractionated total body irradiation; Other Names: FTBI; Drug: Fludarabine phosphate; Other Names: Fludara
Experimental: Regimen II (Busulfan, Fludarabine, Melphalan); Patients receive a test dose of busulfan on day -10 and then dose adjusted busulfan IV 3-4 times daily on days -9 to -6, melphalan IV on days -5 and -4, and fludarabine phosphate IV on days -5 to -2. UCB transplantation: Patients receive 2 combined units of UCB IV on day 0. Patients also receive G-CSF IV or subcutaneously beginning on day 5 (or later) and continuing until blood counts recover. GVHD prophylaxis: Patients receive cyclosporine IV twice daily beginning on day -1 followed by a taper according to institutional guidelines. Patients also receive mycophenolate mofetil orally or IV beginning on day 0 and continuing until day 27 (or as clinically indicated).	Procedure: allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Other Names: AlloHCT; Biological: filgrastim; Drug: Cyclosporine; Other Names: CsA; Procedure: umbilical cord blood transplantation; Drug: Melphalan; Other Names: Alkeran; Drug: Busulfan; Other Names: Busilvex; Drug: Mycophenolate Mofetil; Other Names: MMF; Drug: Fludarabine phosphate; Other Names: Fludara
Experimental: Regimen III (TBI, Cyclophosphamide, Fludarabine); Patients receive fludarabine phosphate IV on days -8 to -4 and cyclophosphamide IV over 2 hours on day -3 and undergo TBI (single dose) on day -2. UCB transplantation: Patients receive 2 combined units of UCB IV on day 0. Patients also receive G-CSF IV or subcutaneously beginning on day 5 (or later) and continuing until blood counts recover. GVHD prophylaxis: Patients receive cyclosporine IV twice daily beginning on day -1 followed by a taper according to institutional guidelines. Patients also receive mycophenolate mofetil orally or IV beginning on day 0 and continuing until day 27 (or as clinically indicated).	Drug: Cyclophosphamide; Other Names: CTX; Procedure: allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Other Names: AlloHCT; Radiation: total-body irradiation; Other Names: TBI; Biological: filgrastim; Drug: Cyclosporine; Other Names: CsA; Procedure: umbilical cord blood transplantation; Drug: Mycophenolate Mofetil; Other Names: MMF; Drug: Fludarabine phosphate; Other Names: Fludara
Experimental: Regimen IV (Fludarabine, Melphalan); Patients receive fludarabine phosphate IV on days -7 to -3 and melphalan IV on day -2. UCB transplantation: Patients receive 2 combined units of UCB IV on day 0. Patients also receive G-CSF IV or subcutaneously beginning on day 5 (or later) and continuing until blood counts recover. GVHD prophylaxis: Patients receive cyclosporine IV twice daily beginning on day -1 followed by a taper according to institutional guidelines. Patients also receive mycophenolate mofetil orally or IV beginning on day 0 and continuing until day 27 (or as clinically indicated).	Procedure: allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Other Names: AlloHCT; Biological: filgrastim; Drug: Cyclosporine; Other Names: CsA; Procedure: umbilical cord blood transplantation; Drug: Melphalan; Other Names: Alkeran; Drug: Mycophenolate Mofetil; Other Names: MMF; Drug: Fludarabine phosphate; Other Names: Fludara

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Survival Rate at Day 100 After Allogeneic Transplant From Umbilical Cord Blood (UCB)	Number of surviving patients at Day 100 post-transplant divided by number of patients undergone transplantation.	From transplant to Day 100 post-transplant

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Survival Rate at Day 180 After Allogeneic Transplant From Umbilical Cord Blood (UCB)	Number of surviving patients at Day 180 post-transplant divided by number of patients undergone transplantation.	From transplant up to Day 180 post-transplant

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: City of Hope Medical Center
• Collaborators: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Anna Pawlowska, MD, City of Hope Medical Center

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 16, 2005
• Primary Completion (Actual): November 11, 2009
• Study Completion (Actual): May 28, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 19, 2007
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 19, 2007
• First Posted (Estimated): October 22, 2007

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): June 14, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 4, 2024
• Last Verified: June 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: recurrent grade 3 follicular lymphoma; recurrent adult diffuse large cell lymphoma; recurrent adult immunoblastic large cell lymphoma; recurrent adult Burkitt lymphoma; de novo myelodysplastic syndromes; previously treated myelodysplastic syndromes; secondary myelodysplastic syndromes; adult acute myeloid leukemia with 11q23 (MLL) abnormalities; adult acute myeloid leukemia with inv(16)(p13;q22); adult acute myeloid leukemia with t(15;17)(q22;q12); adult acute myeloid leukemia with t(16;16)(p13;q22); adult acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22); secondary acute myeloid leukemia; chronic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia; recurrent adult acute myeloid leukemia; adult acute myeloid leukemia in remission; recurrent adult diffuse small cleaved cell lymphoma; recurrent adult diffuse mixed cell lymphoma; blastic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia; relapsing chronic myelogenous leukemia; recurrent grade 1 follicular lymphoma; recurrent grade 2 follicular lymphoma; recurrent marginal zone lymphoma; recurrent small lymphocytic lymphoma; extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue; nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma; splenic marginal zone lymphoma; recurrent adult lymphoblastic lymphoma; recurrent mantle cell lymphoma; refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia; recurrent cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma; recurrent adult grade III lymphomatoid granulomatosis; accelerated phase chronic myelogenous leukemia; adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Immune System Diseases; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Lymphatic Diseases; Immunoproliferative Disorders; Disease; Bone Marrow Diseases; Hematologic Diseases; Precancerous Conditions; Lymphoma; Syndrome; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Leukemia; Preleukemia; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Anti-Infective Agents; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antirheumatic Agents; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antimetabolites; Antineoplastic Agents; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunologic Factors; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Alkylating Agents; Myeloablative Agonists; Dermatologic Agents; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antifungal Agents; Antitubercular Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Calcineurin Inhibitors; Cyclophosphamide; Melphalan; Fludarabine; Fludarabine phosphate; Mycophenolic Acid; Busulfan; Cyclosporine; Cyclosporins
• Other Study ID Numbers: 02165; P30CA033572 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract); CHNMC-02165; CDR0000570249 (Registry Identifier: NCI PDQ)