Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin, Low Freq Dexamethasone & Revlimid (Dd-R) in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (MM)

Phase II Study of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (Doxil®), Low Frequency Dexamethasone and Revlimid® (Dd-R) in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

The purpose of the research study is to determine the response rates when Revlimid® is combined with Doxil® and Dexamethasone (Dd-R) in newly diagnosed Multiple Myeloma. The study will also evaluate the side effects caused by the combination of these three drugs. This therapy is investigational in the treatment of Multiple Myeloma.

Revlimid® is a drug that alters the immune system and it may also interfere with the development of tiny blood vessels that help support tumor growth. Therefore, in theory, it may reduce or prevent the growth of cancer cells. Revlimid® is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for specific types of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and Multiple Myeloma, two different types of blood cancer. It is currently being tested in a variety of other cancer conditions. In this case it is considered experimental.

Doxil® is a form of chemotherapy. It is approved by the FDA for the treatment of relapsed/ refractory Multiple Myeloma in combination with Velcade.

Dexamethasone is a steroid. It is also approved by the FDA, but not for the treatment of Multiple Myeloma. It is considered a standard part of most myeloma therapies for newly diagnosed patients.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Multiple Myeloma
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Lenalidomide; Drug: Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (PLD); Drug: Dexamethasone

Detailed Description

Induction Phase:

Newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients with active disease, will be treated with Dd-R as outlined below:

All patients will also receive Levaquin 500 mg by mouth (PO) every day (QD) [or if allergic receive amoxicillin 250 mg PO twice a day (BID)], acyclovir 400 mg PO BID or Valacyclovir 500 mg BID and aspirin 81 mg PO QD daily while receiving Dd-R. Aspirin will continue through maintenance. For patients who cannot tolerate aspirin, low molecular weight heparin or therapeutic doses of coumadin may be used in place of aspirin.

• Doxil® 30 mg/m^2 on day # 1 to be repeated every 28 days
• Dexamethasone 40 mg per day for 4 days (days 1-4) every 28 days
• Revlimid® 25 mg PO daily on days 1-21, followed by 7 days of no therapy, repeated every 28 days

Maintenance Therapy:

Patients who complete the induction regimen or those who complete at least 2 cycles of the induction regimen and not showing evidence of progressive disease but cannot tolerate any further chemotherapy could be started on maintenance therapy as follows:

• Revlimid® 15 mg or 25 mg* PO daily on days 1-21, followed by 7 days of no therapy, repeated every 28 days

Patients will start maintenance therapy at the dexamethasone dose that was tolerated at the completion of the induction phase. *The starting Revlimid® dose for maintenance will be either 15 mg or 25 mg, which will be determined based on whether specific criteria are met on scheduled Day 1.

• Dexamethasone 40 mg per day for 4 days (days 1-4) every 28 days

All participants will also receive aspirin 81 mg PO QD daily while receiving maintenance. For patients who cannot tolerate aspirin, low molecular weight heparin or therapeutic doses of coumadin may be used in place of aspirin.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 57
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Florida
    • Tampa, Florida, United States, 33612
      • H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Signed informed consent form
• Able to adhere to the study visit schedule and other protocol requirements
• Diagnosed with active multiple myeloma and be considered to have active disease
• Measurable myeloma paraprotein levels in serum (≥ 0.5 g/dL) or urine (≥ 0.2 g excreted in a 24-hour urine collection sample).
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0-2
• Performance status of 3 will be allowed if related to bony disease.
• Prior steroid therapy for up to 4 weeks will not exclude the patient from entering the study.
• Bilirubin < 3.0
• Liver enzymes: alanine transaminase or aspartate transaminase (ALT or AST) < 3 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
• Must have adequate bone marrow function:
• Absolute neutrophil count > 1,000 cells/mm³ (1.0 x 10^9/L). Patients with bone marrow >50% plasma cells are permitted to have a neutrophil count of < 1,000 cells/mm³.
• Platelets ≥ 50,000 cells/mm³. Patients with bone marrow >50% plasma cells are permitted to have a Platelet count < 50, 000 cells/mm³.
• Hemoglobin > 8 g/dL (transfusion allowed to increase the Hgb)
• Must have adequate renal function: Creatinine ≤ 2.5 mg/dL
• Must have a 2-d echocardiogram indicating left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 50% within 42 days prior to first dose of study drug
• Able to tolerate aspirin, low molecular weight heparin or coumadin
• Must be registered into the mandatory RevAssist® program, and be willing and able to comply with the requirements of RevAssist®
• Females of childbearing potential (FCBP) must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test with a sensitivity of at least 50 mIU/mL within 10 to 14 days prior to and again within 24 hours of prescribing lenalidomide (prescriptions must be filled within 7 days) and must either commit to continued abstinence from heterosexual intercourse or begin TWO acceptable methods of birth control AT THE SAME TIME, at least 4 weeks before taking lenalidomide. FCBP must also agree to ongoing pregnancy testing. Men must agree to use a latex condom during sexual contact with a female of child bearing potential even if they have had a successful vasectomy.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Ongoing severe infection requiring intravenous antibiotic treatment
• Life expectancy of <3 months
• Prior malignancy, except for adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, in-situ cervical cancer, or other cancer from which the subject has been disease-free for at least 5 years. Concurrent prostate cancer for which the patient is receiving therapy will not be considered an exclusion if the prostatic specific antigen (PSA) has been stable for three years.
• Solitary bone or solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma as the only evidence of plasma cell dyscrasia.
• Patients receiving therapeutic dosages of steroids (dexamethasone 160mg per pulse > 4 pulses) for multiple myeloma.
• Myocardial infarct within 6 months before enrollment, New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class II or greater heart failure, uncontrolled angina, severe uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmias, clinically significant pericardial disease, or electrocardiographic evidence of acute ischemic or active conduction system abnormalities.
• Uncontrolled medical problems such as diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, hypertension, unstable angina, arrhythmias), pulmonary, hepatic and renal diseases unless renal insufficiency is felt to be secondary to multiple myeloma.
• Any serious medical condition, laboratory abnormality, or psychiatric illness that would prevent the subject from signing the informed consent form
• Pregnant or breast feeding females
• Any condition, including the presence of laboratory abnormalities, which places the subject at unacceptable risk if he/she were to participate in the study or confounds the ability to interpret data from the study
• Prior chemotherapy for multiple myeloma, except for radiation to symptomatic bony disease, plasmapheresis for hyperviscosity, kyphoplasty and/or vertebroplasty

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental: Induction and Maintenance Therapy; Induction Phase Followed by Maintenance Therapy. Patients received lenalidomide 25 mg orally on days 1-21, dexamethasone 40 mg orally on days on 1-4, and Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (PLD) 40 mg/m^2 intravenously on day 1 (reduced to 30 mg/m^2 after the initial 29 patients were treated). Cycles were repeated every 28 days. At the best response (4-8 cycles of induction), patients could proceed with either high-dose therapy or maintenance with lenalidomide and dexamethasone at the tolerated doses on the same schedule until disease progression. Dd-R: Lenalidomide (Revlimid®) combined with Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (Doxil®) and Dexamethasone (Decadron®) as outlined in the Detailed Description.

Drug: Lenalidomide; 25 mg orally on days 1-21; Other Names: Revlimid®; Drug: Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (PLD); 40 mg/m^2 intravenously on day 1 (reduced to 30 mg/m^2 after the initial 29 patients were treated); Other Names: Doxil®; Drug: Dexamethasone; 40 mg orally on days on 1-4; Other Names: Decadron®

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Overall Response Rate (ORR) - Percentage of Participants With Partial Response or Better With Induction Regimen	ORR assessed using International Myeloma Working Group Response Definitions. Partial Remission (PR): A greater than 50% reduction in the serum paraprotein, and if present, a greater than 90% reduction in the urine M protein excretion. Patients must also have a decrease by 50% in the size of soft tissue plasmacytoma. If serum and urine M protein are not measurable, a 50% or greater decreased in the difference of the involved and uninvolved free light chain. Very Good Partial Remission (VGPR): Detectable serum and urine M component on immunofixation but not on electrophoresis or 90% or greater reduction in serum M protein with less than 100 mg/24 h of urinary M protein. Complete Remission (CR): The presence of less than 5% bone marrow plasmacytosis and the disappearance of all evidence of serum and urine M-components on electrophoresis as well as by immunofixation. In addition, soft tissue plasmacytoma must have disappeared.	24 Months
Percentage of Participants With Very Good Partial Remission (VGPR) or Better	Quality of response: % Complete Response (CR) + Very Good Partial Remission (VGPR) to induction Dd-R as assessed using International Myeloma Working Group Response Definitions. Very Good Partial Remission (VGPR): Detectable serum and urine M component on immunofixation but not on electrophoresis or 90% or greater reduction in serum M protein with less than 100 mg/24 h of urinary M protein. Complete Remission (CR): The presence of less than 5% bone marrow plasmacytosis and the disappearance of all evidence of serum and urine M-components on electrophoresis as well as by immunofixation. In addition, soft tissue plasmacytoma must have disappeared.	24 Months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Median Progression Free Survival (PFS) in Months	PFS: Time from study entry to progression/relapse or death from study entry to death of any cause, assessed using International Myeloma Working Group Response Definitions. Progressive Disease (PD): One of the following criteria must be met: a. Increase of 25% or greater in serum M protein (absolute increase greater or equal to 0.5g/dl); b. Increase of 25% or greater in urine M protein (absolute increase greater than 200 mg/24h); c. Increase of 25% or greater in the difference between the involved and uninvolved free light chain (absolute increase greater than 10 mg/dl); d. Increase of 25% or greater in bone marrow plasma cell percentage (absolute percent greater than 5% in case the patient was in CR and 10% otherwise); i.e. Definite development of new bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas, or increase in the size of existing plasmacytomas by greater or equal to 25%. Development of hypercalcemia (serum calcium > 11.5 mg/dl) attributable only to the plasma cell dyscrasia.	24 Months
2 Year Overall Survival (OS) Rate	Percentage of participants with Overall Survival in response to Dd-R in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients with active disease. Overall survival is time from study entry to death of any cause.	24 Months
Occurrence of Induction Toxicities	Tolerability of full dose Revlimid® with full dose Doxil® in combination with reduced schedule dexamethasone was to be assessed during Cycle 1 and at the start of Cycle 2 using, whenever possible, the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) v3.0. Due to increased neutropenia and fatigue, toxicities were reviewed after the first 29 participants were enrolled.	24 Months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
• Collaborators: Celgene Corporation; Ortho Biotech Clinical Affairs, L.L.C.
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Rachid Baz, M.D., H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Baz RC, Shain KH, Hussein MA, Lee JH, Sullivan DM, Oliver EF, Nardelli LA, Nodzon LA, Zhao X, Ochoa-Bayona JL, Nishihori T, Dalton WS, Alsina M. Phase II study of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, low-dose dexamethasone, and lenalidomide in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Am J Hematol. 2014 Jan;89(1):62-7. doi: 10.1002/ajh.23587.

Helpful Links

• Moffitt Cancer Center Clinical Trials website

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: January 1, 2008
• Primary Completion (Actual): April 1, 2013
• Study Completion (Actual): April 1, 2013

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 5, 2008
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 5, 2008
• First Posted (Estimate): February 18, 2008

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): January 17, 2014
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 16, 2013
• Last Verified: October 1, 2013

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Lenalidomide; Dexamethasone; Revlimid; Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin; Doxil; Decadron
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Immune System Diseases; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Immunoproliferative Disorders; Hematologic Diseases; Hemorrhagic Disorders; Hemostatic Disorders; Paraproteinemias; Blood Protein Disorders; Multiple Myeloma; Neoplasms, Plasma Cell; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Autonomic Agents; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; Enzyme Inhibitors; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Immunologic Factors; Antiemetics; Gastrointestinal Agents; Glucocorticoids; Hormones; Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; Topoisomerase II Inhibitors; Topoisomerase Inhibitors; Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Angiogenesis Modulating Agents; Growth Substances; Growth Inhibitors; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Dexamethasone; Lenalidomide; Doxorubicin; Liposomal doxorubicin
• Other Study ID Numbers: MCC-14986; 106095d (Other Identifier: USF IRB); RV-MM-PI-107 (Other Identifier: Celgene Corp.); 07OBCA990185 (Other Identifier: Ortho Biotech, Inc.)

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No