Pilot Trial of Targeted Immune-Depleting Chemotherapy and Reduced-Intensity Matched Unrelated Double Cord Blood Transplant for the Treatment of Leukemias, Lymphomas, and Pre-Malignant Blood Disorders

December 14, 2019 updated by: National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Background:

  • Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) has been used to treat many kinds of cancer or pre-cancerous conditions that develop in blood or immune system cells. Umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) is a type of allogeneic transplant that is used when none of a patient s siblings are a match and an acceptable match cannot be identified from one of the bone marrow registries. Prior to receiving the cord blood stem cells, large doses of chemotherapy drugs and/or radiation have been traditionally used to eliminate most of the cancerous or abnormal cells from the recipient s system, along with most of his or her own stem cells and immune cells. Donor stem cells then replace the recipient s stem cells in the bone marrow, restoring normal blood production and immunity. In this way, an allogeneic SCT provides not only new blood cells but an entire new immune system.
  • In the past, allogeneic SCT was performed with very high doses of chemotherapy and/or radiation to get rid of as much of the recipient s cancer as possible and prevent rejection of the treatment. However, intensive chemotherapy or radiation can cause serious side effects, including death. A newer method uses smaller, less toxic doses of chemotherapy and/or radiation before allogeneic SCT. In these reduced-intensity stem cell transplants, the recipient s stem cells and immunity are not completely eliminated, but they are weakened enough to help prevent the donor s cells from being rejected.

Objectives:

- To study the safety and effectiveness of reduced-intensity stem cell transplants given with immune-depleting chemotherapy and umbilical cord blood provided by an unrelated donor.

Eligibility:

  • Individuals between 18 and 69 years of age who have been diagnosed with any of a number of cancerous and pre-cancerous blood conditions, including lymphoma and leukemia.
  • Participants must not have a potential donor sibling or a readily available unrelated donor identified through one of the bone marrow donor registries.

Design:

  • Patients will be matched with at least two umbilical cords with an acceptable cell dose. The two frozen umbilical cord blood units will be sent to the NIH prior to the date of transplant.
  • Patients will receive one, two, or three cycles of chemotherapy (based on the type of disease) to treat the disease and to weaken the immune system. Patients who already have a weakened immune system from other treatments will not receive this round of chemotherapy.
  • Patients will then receive 4 days of reduced-intensity transplant chemotherapy (also called the conditioning regimen ) to prepare for the transplant.
  • Two days after transplant chemotherapy, patients will receive the transplant, with the two umbilical cords infused one after the other on the same day. Patients will receive additional treatment to prevent complications.
  • Patients will remain in the hospital for 4 to 6 weeks after the transplant, and will be discharged for outpatient treatment when the study doctors deem it appropriate.
  • Patients will continue on medications at home to lower the risk of complications and infections, and will visit the NIH clinic regularly for the first 6 months after the transplant, and then less often for at least 5 years afterward.

Study Overview

Status

Terminated

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Background:

The major limitations of umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) in adults are graft rejection and delayed engraftment leading to increased infection-related morbidity and treatment related mortality (TRM). To increase engraftment rates while at the same time enhancing graft-versus-tumor effect, previous studies within our institution have employed the strategy of targeted immune depletion (TID). The goal of TID is to use T-cell suppressive chemotherapy prior to the conditioning regimen to treat the patient s disease while concurrently depleting host T-cells. This has lead to earlier complete donor chimerism in the setting of allogeneic sibling donor and matched unrelated donor transplantation. Our aim in the current protocol is to extend the strategy of TID to reduced-intensity UCBT, with the goal of more rapid engraftment, leading to decreased TRM and increased overall survival. Our intention is to investigate this approach in the setting of double cord blood transplant in adults in a pilot manner.

Objectives:

  • The primary objective of this study is to see whether targeted immune depletion can shorten the time to neutrophil recovery and improve the cord blood engraftment rate as measured by ANC greater than or equal to 500 x 3 and at least partial donor chimerism (10-90%).
  • Secondary objectives include further assessment of hematopoetic recovery, treatment related morbidity including infections and acute and chronic GVHD, TRM, progression free and overall survival, further assessment of immune reconstitution, and study of engraftment kinetics as they apply to prediction of which of the two transplanted cords will engraft in relation to cell dose, CD34+ dose, HLA-match, and other experimental variables.

Eligibility:

  • Adults (18-69 years) with advanced or high-risk hematologic malignancies including AML, ALL, MDS, CLL, NHL, HL, CML, multiple myeloma, and MPD who lack a readily available HLA-matched sibling or greater than or equal to 7/8 HLA-matched unrelated donor. Patients must have life expectancy of at least 3 months, ECOG less than or equal to 2, and relatively normal major organ functions.
  • Patients must have two partially HLA-matched UCB units. Units must be HLA-matched at HLA-A and B (intermediate resolution molecular typing) and DRB1 (high resolution molecular typing) 4-6/6 with the recipient and 4-6/6 with each other. Each unit must contain a minimum precryopreserved, nucleated cell dose of 1.5 x 10(7) per kilogram.

Design:

  • This is a Pilot study of TID in the setting of reduced-intensity double cord blood transplant in adults.
  • Patients will receive disease-specific induction chemotherapy (EPOCH-F/R or FLAG) prior to transplant for disease control and immune depletion.
  • All patients will receive an identical conditioning regimen consisting of cyclophosphamide 1200 mg/m(2)/day IV for 4 days and fludarabine 30 mg/m(2)/day for 4 days.
  • A maximum of 13 patients will be transplanted in the initial part of this pilot study. If no stopping rules are reached, the study will be expanded to allow the transplantation of an additional 12 patients (a total of 25 patients).

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

4

Phase

  • Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Maryland
      • Bethesda, Maryland, United States, 20892
        • National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 69 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

  • ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA:
  • Adults (18-69 years) with advanced or high-risk hematologic malignancies including AML, ALL, MDS, CLL, NHL, HL, CML, multiple myeloma, and MPD who lack a readily available HLA-matched sibling or greater than or equal to 7/8 HLA-matched unrelated donor. Patients must have life expectancy of at least 3 months, ECOG less than or equal to 2, and relatively normal major organ functions.
  • Patients must have two partially HLA-matched UCB units. Units must be HLA-matched at HLA-A and B (intermediate resolution molecular typing) and DRB1 (high resolution molecular typing) 4-6/6 with the recipient and 4-6/6 with each other. Each unit must contain a minimum precryopreserved, nucleated cell dose of 1.5 x 10(7) per kilogram.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
The primary objective of this study is to see whether targeted immune depletion can shorten the time to hematopoietic recovery and improve cord blood engraftment rate as measured by ANC greater than 500 X 3 and at least partial donor chimerism (...

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Secondary objectives include further assessment of immune reconstitution, study of engraftment kinetics in relation to cell dose and HLA-match, and comprehensive assessment of acute and chronic GVHD.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

August 25, 2009

Primary Completion (Actual)

May 20, 2013

Study Completion (Actual)

May 20, 2013

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 5, 2009

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 5, 2009

First Posted (Estimate)

September 9, 2009

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

December 17, 2019

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 14, 2019

Last Verified

May 20, 2013

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 090210
  • 09-C-0210

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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