Cyclosporine A or Intravenous Cyclophosphamide for Lupus Nephritis: The Cyclofa-Lune Study (CYCLOFA-LUNE)

June 22, 2010 updated by: Institute of Rheumatology, Prague
Intravenous cyclophosphamide is considered to be the standard of care for treatment of proliferative lupus nephritis. However, its use is limited by potentially severe toxic effects. Cyclosporine A has been suggested to be an efficient and safe treatment alternative to cyclophosphamide. In a randomized, multicenter, open-label, controlled trial the investigators sought to compare the efficacy of oral cyclosporine A with intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide to induce durable remission in patients with lupus nephritis III-IV.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Lupus nephritis occurs in 30-40% of adults with systemic lupus erythematosus and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Focal and diffuse proliferative forms of lupus nephritis are known to progress to chronic renal failure unless treated by immunosuppressive drugs. Cyclophosphamide and glucocorticoids are considered to be the standard of care for patients with proliferative lupus nephritis. However, cyclophosphamide may cause a number of toxic effects, such as bone marrow suppression, premature gonadal failure, hemorrhagic cystitis, opportunistic infections, and malignant disease. Hence, efforts are being made to find alternative therapeutic approaches. Cyclosporine is a potent immunosuppressive agent with a more selective mode of action through its unique effect on T cell mediated responses, and is widely used to treat a spectrum of autoimmune and glomerular diseases. Several retrospective series and one randomized trial provided evidence that Cyclosporine A could represent an efficient and safe therapy for proliferative lupus nephritis. In a randomized, multicenter, open-label, controlled trial we compared the efficacy of oral cyclosporine A with intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide to induce durable remission in patients with proliferative lupus nephritis.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

40

Phase

  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Czech Republic
      • Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
        • Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague
      • Olomouc, Czech Republic
        • Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University
      • Prague, Czech Republic, 12800
        • Department of Nephrology, General Teaching Hospital and First faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague
      • Prague, Czech Republic, 12850
        • Institute of Rheumatology

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

14 years to 66 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (by meeting 4 criteria of the American College of Rheumatology)
  • renal biopsy documenting lupus nephritis according to the classification of the World Health Organization (WHO) or the updated International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) as proliferative glomerulonephritis class III (focal) or IV (diffuse)

  • clinical activity as defined by presence of at least two of the following:

    • abnormal proteinuria (more than 500mg of protein in in a 24-hour urine specimen)
    • abnormal microscopic hematuria, or
    • C3 hypocomplementemia (the latter two were defined according to the norms in the laboratories of the participating centers)

Exclusion Criteria:

  • treatment with cyclophosphamide or cyclosporine A ever before
  • treatment with other immunosuppressive drugs (such as azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil) or high dose glucocorticoids (≥ 80mg of prednisone or methylprednisolone) within the last 3 months
  • persistent elevation of serum creatinine (≥140 μmol/l)
  • pregnancy or lactation
  • bone marrow insufficiency with cytopenias not attributable to SLE, and 8severe coexisting conditions, such as infection, liver disease, active peptic ulcer etc.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Cyclosporine A
Cyclosporine arm (CyA group) consisted of oral cyclosporine A (CyA) 4-5mg/kg/day (given in two divided doses) for 9 months followed by gradually decreasing dose of cyclosporine (3.75-1.25 mg/kg/day) within the next 9 months.
Drug: Cyclosporine A
Cyclosporine arm (CyA group) consisted of oral cyclosporine A (CyA) 4-5mg/kg/day (given in two divided doses) for 9 months followed by gradually decreasing dose of cyclosporine (3.75-1.25 mg/kg/day) within the next 9 months. The dosage of concomitant glucocorticoids was driven and tapered according to a single treatment protocol.
Active Comparator: Cyclophosphamide
Cyclophosphamide (CPH) therapeutic arm (CPH group) consisted of 8 boluses of intravenous cyclophosphamide (10mg/kg) given within 9 months in subsequently prolonged intervals (2x3weeks, 4x4 weeks, 2x6 weeks) followed by 4-5 oral cyclophosphamide boluses (10mg/d in 6-8 week intervals).
Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Cyclophosphamide (CPH) therapeutic arm (CPH group) consisted of 8 boluses of intravenous cyclophosphamide (10mg/kg) given within 9 months in subsequently prolonged intervals (2x3weeks, 4x4 weeks, 2x6 weeks) followed by 4-5 oral cyclophosphamide boluses (10mg/d in 6-8 week intervals). The dosage of concomitant glucocorticoids was driven and tapered according to a single treatment protocol.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
renal remission and renal response
Time Frame: at the end of induction (month 9) and maintenance (month 18) phase
at the end of induction (month 9) and maintenance (month 18) phase

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
incidence of adverse events and relapse free period
Time Frame: 18 months
18 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Institute of Rheumatology, Prague

Collaborators

Charles University, Czech Republic
Palacky University
Ministry of Health, Czech Republic
Department of Rheumatology, Hospital, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
National Institute of Rheumatology, Piestany, Slovakia
St. Anna Hospital, Brno, Czech

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

January 1, 2002

Primary Completion (Actual)

May 1, 2008

Study Completion (Actual)

April 1, 2009

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 11, 2009

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 11, 2009

First Posted (Estimate)

September 14, 2009

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

June 23, 2010

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 22, 2010

Last Verified

September 1, 2009

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • RU 8444-3
  • IGA MZ CR 8444-3
  • MZO 00023728

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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