Cord Blood Fucosylation to Enhance Homing and Engraftment in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies

April 27, 2017 updated by: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if it is safe and feasible to transplant changed cord blood for patients with leukemia or lymphoma. Researchers also want to learn if this can help to control the disease.

The cord blood will be changed to make use of sugar that is found in small amounts in blood cells. It plays a role in signaling where in the body the transplanted cells should go to. Adding more sugars to the cord blood cells in the laboratory is designed to help the cord blood cells find their way faster to the bone marrow. This may help your blood counts to recover faster. This process is called fucosylation.

Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) is a protein that removes immune cells that cause damage to the body.

Clofarabine is designed to interfere with the growth and development of cancer cells.

Fludarabine is designed to interfere with the DNA (genetic material) of cancer cells, which may cause the cancer cells to die. This chemotherapy is also designed to block your body's ability to reject the donor's bone marrow cells.

Melphalan and busulfan are designed to bind to the DNA of cells, which may cause cancer cells to die.

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and tacrolimus are designed to block the donor cells from growing and spreading in a way that could cause graft versus host disease (GVHD -- a condition in which transplanted tissue attacks the recipient's body). This may help to prevent GVHD.

Rituximab is designed to attach to cancer cells, which may cause them to die.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Central Venous Catheter Placement:

You will first have a central venous catheter (CVC) placed. A CVC is a sterile flexible tube that will be placed into a large vein while you are under local anesthesia. Your doctor will explain this procedure to you in more detail, and you will be required to sign a separate consent form for it.

The chemotherapy, some of the other drugs in this study, and the cord blood transplant will be given by vein through your CVC. Blood samples will also be drawn through your CVC. The CVC will remain in your body for about 2-5 months.

Study Plans:

If you agree to take part in this study, your doctor will choose one of the following 2 study plans based on the disease and your age and medical history.

Fludarabine/Clofarabine/Busulfan/Rituximab/Total Body Irradiation:

If you are between 1 and 55 years of age and can receive high-dose chemotherapy, or you are between 55 and 65 years old and your doctor agrees, you will receive fludarabine, clofarabine, busulfan, ATG, total body irradiation, and possibly rituximab.

You will receive a test dose of busulfan by vein over 60 minutes as an outpatient. If the test dose cannot be given as an outpatient, you will be admitted to the hospital on Day -10 for intravenous (IV) fluids and will receive the busulfan test dose on Day -9. This low-level "test" dose of busulfan is to check how the level of busulfan in your blood changes over time. This information will be used to decide the next dose needed to reach the target blood level that matches your body size.

About 11 samples of blood will be drawn for pharmacokinetic (PK) testing of busulfan. PK testing measures the amount of study drug in the body at different time points. These blood samples will be drawn at various timepoints starting before the busulfan infusion and continuing over about the next 11 hours. The blood samples will be repeated again with the first day of high-dose busulfan treatment. Each sample will be about 1 teaspoon of blood. A temporary heparin lock will be placed in your vein to lower the number of needle sticks needed for these draws. If it is not possible for the PK tests to be performed for technical or scheduling reasons, you will receive the standard fixed dose of busulfan.

If you will receive the test dose as an outpatient, you will be admitted to the hospital on Day -8 and will receive fluids by vein. If appropriate for the disease, you will receive rituximab by vein over 4-6 hours on Day -8.

If you will receive the test dose as an inpatient, you will be admitted on Day -10 and will receive fluids by vein. If appropriate for the disease, you will receive rituximab by vein over 4-6 hours on Day -10.

On Days -7 through -4, you will receive fludarabine by vein over 1 hour, clofarabine by vein over 1 hour, and busulfan by vein over 3 hours. You will receive ATG on Days -4 and -3. On Day -3, you will receive a single treatment of low-dose total body irradiation. You will "rest" (not receive chemotherapy drugs) on Days -2 and -1. Day 0 is the day of the cord blood transplant, so the negative day numbers are used to label the treatment days before the transplant.

All chemotherapy drugs, fluids, and other drugs that must be given by vein will be infused through the catheter. Once the back-up cells are collected, all participants will be admitted to the hospital as indicated by their assigned treatment plan schedule.

Fludarabine/Melphalan:

If your doctor chooses fludarabine and melphalan, you will have the following schedule:

  • On Day -6 (6 days before your transplant), you will be admitted to the hospital and will receive fluids by vein.
  • On Days -5, -4, and -3, you will receive fludarabine by vein over 30 minutes.
  • On Days -4 and -3, you will receive ATG by vein over 4 hours.
  • On Day -2, you will receive fludarabine by vein over 30 minutes and melphalan by vein over 30 minutes.
  • On Day -1, you will not receive any drugs.
  • On Day 0, you will receive your cord blood transplant through the CVC.

Supportive Drugs:

Starting on Day -3, you will receive mycophenolate mofetil as a tablet by mouth 2 times a day. If you are not able to take the tablet by mouth, you will receive MMF by vein over 2 hours 2 times a day. If you do not have GVHD at Day 100 after your cord blood transplant, the dose of MMF will be gradually lowered. If you have GVHD, MMF may be stopped 7 days after the GVHD is controlled.

Starting on Day -2, you will receive tacrolimus by vein as a continuous (nonstop) infusion until you are able to take it by mouth. You will then take tacrolimus by mouth 2 times a day for about 6 months. After that, your tacrolimus dose may be gradually lowered if you do not have GVHD. Your doctor will discuss this with you.

Starting on Day 0, you will receive filgrastim (G-CSF) through a needle under the skin 1 time a day every day until your white blood count begins to recover. Filgrastim is designed to help cells in the bone marrow to divide, which helps raise white blood cells counts more quickly, lower fever, and decrease the risk of infection.

Study Visits:

At about 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the transplant:

  • You will have a physical exam.
  • You will be checked for possible reactions to the transplant and study drugs, including GVHD.
  • Blood (about 4 teaspoons) will be drawn for routine tests, to check for CMV antibodies, and for genetic tests to learn if the donor's cells have "taken". The routine blood tests will be repeated as often as the doctor thinks is needed.
  • If the doctor thinks it is needed, you will have a bone marrow aspiration to check the status of the disease.

You will need to stay in the hospital for about 4 weeks. After you leave the hospital, you will continue as an outpatient in the hospital area, which means you will have to stay close enough to be able to come back for any visits for about 100 days after the transplant.

Length of Participation:

You will be on study for up to 1 year. You will be taken off study early if the disease gets worse, if intolerable side effects occur, if the cord blood is infected and cannot be transplanted, if you are unable to follow study directions, or if your doctor thinks it is in your best interest.

This is an investigational study. Fucosylation is not an FDA-approved process. It is currently being used for research purposes only. Fludarabine, busulfan, clofarabine, melphalan, mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, and rituximab are FDA approved and commercially available to be given to patients with leukemia or lymphoma having a cord blood transplant. Total body irradiation is delivered using FDA-approved and commercially available methods.

Up to 50 patients will be enrolled in this study. All will be enrolled at MD Anderson.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

33

Phase

  • Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Texas
      • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
        • University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

1 year to 80 years (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT, CHILD)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients must have one of the following hematologic malignancies: Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML), induction failure, high-risk for relapse first remission (with intermediate-risk or high-risk cytogenetics, flt3 mutation positive and/or evidence of minimal residual disease by flow cytometry), secondary leukemia from prior chemotherapy and/or arising from MDS, Langerhan's cell histiocytosis, any disease beyond first remission; or,
  2. Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS): Primary or therapy related; or,
  3. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): induction failure, primary refractory to treatment (do not achieve complete remission after first course of therapy) or are beyond first remission including second or greater remission or active disease. Patients in first remission are eligible if they are considered high risk, defined as any of the following detected at any time: with translocations 9;22 or 4;11, hypodiploidy, complex karyotype, secondary leukemia developing after cytotoxic drug exposure, and/or evidence of minimal residual disease, or acute biphenotypic leukemia, or double hit non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; or,
  4. Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) in primary induction failure, second or third complete remission, refractory disease, or relapse (including relapse post autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant). Double hit lymphomas in first remission or more advanced disease; or,
  5. Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma (SLL), or Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) with progressive disease following standard therapy; or,
  6. CML second chronic phase or accelerated phase; or,
  7. Hodgkin's Disease (HD): Induction failures, second or third complete remission, or relapse (including relapse post autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant).
  8. Patients Age Criteria: Age >/= 1 and </= 80 years old. Eligibility for pediatric patients will be determined in conjunction with an MDACC pediatrician.
  9. Performance score of at least 80% by Karnofsky or PS < 3 (ECOG) (age >/= 12 years), or Lansky Play-Performance Scale of at least 60% or greater (age <12 years).
  10. Adequate major organ system function as demonstrated by: a. Left ventricular ejection fraction of at least 40-45% b. Pulmonary function test (PFT) demonstrating a diffusion capacity of least 50% predicted. For children </= 7 years of age who are unable to perform PFT, oxygen saturation >/= 92% on room air by pulse oximetry. c. Creatinine < 1.6 mg/dL. d. SGPT/bilirubin </= to 2.0 x normal.
  11. Negative Beta HCG test in a woman with child bearing potential defined as not post-menopausal for 12 months or no previous surgical sterilization and willing to use an effective contraceptive measure while on study.
  12. Patients must have two CB units available which are matched with the patient at 4, 5, or 6/6 HLA class I (serological) and II (molecular) antigens. Each cord must contain at least 1.5 x 10^7 total nucleated cells/Kg recipient body weight (pre-thaw).
  13. Have identified a back-up cell source in case of engraftment failure. The source can be autologous, related or unrelated.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients with known history of HIV/AIDS.
  2. Active CNS disease in patient with history of CNS malignancy.
  3. Patients with chronic active hepatitis or cirrhosis. If positive hepatitis serology, the Study Chair may deem the patient eligible based on the results of liver biopsy.
  4. Patients with uncontrolled serious medical condition such as persistent septicemia despite adequate antibiotic therapy, decompensated congestive heart failure despite cardiac medications or pulmonary insufficiency requiring intubation (excluding primary disease for which CB transplantation is proposed), or psychiatric condition that would limit informed consent.
  5. Positive beta HCG in female of child-bearing potential defined as not post-menopausal for 12 months or no previous surgical sterilization or breast-feeding.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
  • Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
  • Interventional Model: SINGLE_GROUP
  • Masking: NONE

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: Fludarabine/Clofarabine/Busulfan/Rituximab/TBI
Myeloablative Regimen: Rituxan 375 mg/m^2 (B cell malignancy) by vein (IV) on Day -10; Busulfan AUC 4,000 IV either as an outpatient prior to admission or as an inpatient on Day -9; Clofarabine 30 mg/m^2 IV Day -7 to Day -4; ATG 1.25 mg/Kg by vein on Day -4 and 1.75 mg/Kg by vein on Day -3; Fludarabine 10 mg/m^2 IV on Days -7 to -4; Total Body Irradiation (TBI) 2 Gy on Day -3; with Cord Blood infusions on Day 0.
Drug: Fludarabine
10 mg/m2 by vein on Days -7 to -4 for Melphalan + Thiotepa + Fludarabine group, or 40 mg on Days -5 to -2 for Fludarabine + Melphalan group.
Other Names:
  • Fludara
  • Fludarabine Phosphate
Drug: Mycophenolate mofetil
15 mg/kg (actual body weight with a maximum dose of 1 gram twice daily) by vein or by mouth twice a day from Days -3 to +100 in the absence of Graft vs Host Disease (GvHD).
Other Names:
  • CellCept
  • MMF
Drug: Tacrolimus
Starting dose 0.03 mg/kg or 0.015 mg/kg (ideal body weight) by vein starting on Day -2 and tapered around Day +180 if no Graft vs Host Disease (GvHD) is present.
Other Names:
  • Prograf
Procedure: Cord Blood Infusion
Cord blood infusion on Day 0. Each participant will receive cells from one unexpanded cord blood sample plus cells from a second cord blood sample that has undergone fucosylation.
Other Names:
  • blood and bone marrow transplantation
Drug: Rituximab
375 mg/m^2 by vein on Day -10 for B cell malignancy.
Other Names:
  • Rituxan
Drug: ATG

1.25 mg/Kg by vein on Day -4.

1.75 mg/Kg by vein on Day -3.

Other Names:
  • Antithymocyte Globulin
  • Thymoglobulin
Drug: Busulfan
Busulfan per standard of care, test dose either as an outpatient prior to admission or as an inpatient on Day -9. Busulfan pharmacokinetics performed with test dose and the first dose on Day -7 per standard of care. Doses of Days -5 and -4 subsequently adjusted to target an AUC of 4,000 microMol.min-1.
Other Names:
  • Busulfex
  • Myleran
  • Bu
Drug: Clofarabine
30 mg/m^2 IV Day -7 to Day -4;
Other Names:
  • Clofarex
  • Clolar
Radiation: Total Body Irradiation (TBI)
2 Gy in AM of Day -3.
Other Names:
  • XRT
EXPERIMENTAL: Fludarabine + Melphalan
Reduced Intensity: Fludarabine 40 mg/m^2 IV on Days -5 to -2; Melphalan 140 mg/m^2 IV on Day -2; ATG 1.25 mg/Kg by vein on Day -4 and 1.75 mg/Kg by vein on Day -3; with Cord Blood infusions on Day 0.
Drug: Fludarabine
10 mg/m2 by vein on Days -7 to -4 for Melphalan + Thiotepa + Fludarabine group, or 40 mg on Days -5 to -2 for Fludarabine + Melphalan group.
Other Names:
  • Fludara
  • Fludarabine Phosphate
Drug: Mycophenolate mofetil
15 mg/kg (actual body weight with a maximum dose of 1 gram twice daily) by vein or by mouth twice a day from Days -3 to +100 in the absence of Graft vs Host Disease (GvHD).
Other Names:
  • CellCept
  • MMF
Drug: Tacrolimus
Starting dose 0.03 mg/kg or 0.015 mg/kg (ideal body weight) by vein starting on Day -2 and tapered around Day +180 if no Graft vs Host Disease (GvHD) is present.
Other Names:
  • Prograf
Procedure: Cord Blood Infusion
Cord blood infusion on Day 0. Each participant will receive cells from one unexpanded cord blood sample plus cells from a second cord blood sample that has undergone fucosylation.
Other Names:
  • blood and bone marrow transplantation
Drug: ATG

1.25 mg/Kg by vein on Day -4.

1.75 mg/Kg by vein on Day -3.

Other Names:
  • Antithymocyte Globulin
  • Thymoglobulin
Drug: Melphalan
140 mg/m2 by vein on Day -2 only for Fludarabine + Melphalan group.
Other Names:
  • Alkeran

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Number of Participants with engraftment within 42 days
Time Frame: 42 days
Engraftment is defined as the evidence of donor derived cells (more than 95%) by chimerism studies in the presence of neutrophil recovery by day 28 post stem cell infusion.
42 days
Mean Time to Engraftment
Time Frame: Baseline to engraftment, assessed minimally 28 days post transplant
Engraftment date is the first day of three (3) consecutive days that the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) exceeds 0.5 x109/L. Time measured in days.
Baseline to engraftment, assessed minimally 28 days post transplant

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Collaborators

National Cancer Institute (NCI)
American Stem Cell, Inc.

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (ACTUAL)

July 13, 2012

Primary Completion (ACTUAL)

April 25, 2017

Study Completion (ACTUAL)

April 25, 2017

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

November 9, 2011

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 9, 2011

First Posted (ESTIMATE)

November 11, 2011

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (ACTUAL)

April 28, 2017

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 27, 2017

Last Verified

April 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2010-0658
  • NCI-2011-03742 (REGISTRY: NCI CTRP)
  • 2R01CA06158 (OTHER_GRANT: National Cancer Institute)
  • 5P01CA148600 (NIH)

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

Yes

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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