Safety and Efficacy of Corneal Collagen Cross-linking Following LASIK for Treatment of Hyperopia and Hyperopic Astigmatism

A Multi-Center, Randomized, Controlled Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of LASIK With Cross-linking Performed With the KXL System and Photrexa ZD™ (Riboflavin Ophthalmic Solution) Compared to LASIK Alone for Hyperopia and Hyperopic Astigmatism

The objectives of this study are to evaluate the safety and efficacy, with regards to regression of refractive outcome, as measured by manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE), of two treatment regimens for hyperopic and hyperopic astigmatic subjects: LASIK followed by cross-linking performed with the KXL System and Photrexa ZD™ (Riboflavin Ophthalmic Solution), as compared to LASIK alone.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Hyperopia; Hyperopic Astigmatism
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran; Device: UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA); Procedure: Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis; Device: UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off)

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 2
• Phase: Phase 2; Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • California
    • San Diego, California, United States, 92122
      • Gordon -Weiss-Schanzlin Vision Institute
  • Massachusetts
    • Waltham, Massachusetts, United States, 02451
      • Ophthalmic Consultants of Boston
  • New Jersey
    • Teaneck, New Jersey, United States, 07666
      • Hersh Vision Group
  • South Dakota
    • Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States, 57108
      • Vance Thompson Vision
  • Virginia
    • McLean, Virginia, United States, 22102
      • See Clearly Vision

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• 1. Be at least 18 years of age, male or female, of any race;
• 2. Provide written informed consent and sign a HIPAA form;
• 3. Willingness and ability to follow all instructions and comply with the schedule for study visits;
• 4. Undergoing bilateral LASIK for the correction of hyperopia or hyperopic astigmatism;
• 5. Intended treatment > +2.0 diopters (D) to < +6.0 D of MRSE hyperopia or hyperopia with astigmatism, with up to +6.0 D of spherical component and up to 5.0 D of astigmatic component (all refractions measured at the spectacle plane);
• 6. Bilateral physiologic hyperopia;
• 7. For females capable of becoming pregnant, agree to have urine pregnancy testing performed at visit 2 prior to treatment; must not be lactating, and must agree to use a medically acceptable form of birth control for at least one week prior to the visit 2 and continue to use the method for one month following the treatment. Acceptable forms for birth control are spermicide with barrier, oral contraceptive, injectable or implantable method of contraception, transdermal contraceptive, intrauterine device, or surgical sterilization of partner. For non-sexually active females, abstinence will be considered an acceptable form of birth control. Women considered capable of becoming pregnant include all females who have experienced menarche and have not experienced menopause (as defined by amenorrhea for greater than 12 consecutive months) or have not undergone successful surgical sterilization (e.g. hysterectomy, bilateral tubal ligation, or bilateral oophorectomy);
• 8. Best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) of 70 letters or more on ETDRS chart;
• 9. Difficulty maintaining uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of at least 70 letters on ETDRS chart as evidenced by need for constant contact lens or spectacle wear;
• 10. Less than 0.75 D spherical equivalent difference between cycloplegic and manifest refractions;
• 11. Stable refraction (a difference of 0.50 D or less in MRSE) for the last 12 months, objectively documented (by previous clinical records, prescriptions, etc.), exclusive of changes determined by the investigator to be due to unmasking latent hyperopia;
• 12. Normal corneal topography, as judged by the investigator;

• 13. Removal of contact lenses for the required period of time prior to the screening refraction:

  1. Soft - 3 Days
  2. Soft Toric - 2 Weeks
  3. Rigid gas permeable - 2 Weeks
• 14. Contact Lens Wearers Only: Must demonstrate a stable refraction (a difference of 0.50 D or less) as determined by MRSE on two consecutive exam dates performed at least 7 days apart. A contact lens wearer is defined as someone who has worn contact lenses in either eye in the last 30 days.

Exclusion Criteria:

• 1. Contraindications, sensitivity or known allergy to the use of the test article(s) or their components;
• 2. If female, be pregnant, nursing or planning a pregnancy or have a positive urine pregnancy test at Visit 2 prior to treatment or during the course of the study;
• 3. Eyes which are aphakic;
• 4. Eyes which are pseudophakic and do not have a UV blocking lens implanted;
• 5. Acute or chronic disease or illness that would increase the operative risk or confound the outcomes of the study (e.g., dry eyes, immuno- compromised, connective tissue disease, clinically significant atopic disease, diabetes, etc.);
• 6. Systemic medications that may confound the outcome of the study or increase the risk to the subject, including but not limited to steroids, antimetabolites, etc.;

• 7. Ocular condition that may predispose the subject to future complications, for example:

  1. History or evidence of active or inactive corneal disease (e.g., herpes simplex keratitis, herpes zoster keratitis, recurrent corneal erosion syndrome, corneal dystrophy, etc.);
  2. Evidence of retinal vascular disease;
  3. Keratoconus or keratoconus suspect;
  4. Glaucoma or glaucoma suspect by exam findings and/or family history;
• 8. Previous intraocular or corneal surgery including prior refractive surgery that might confound the outcome of the study or increase the risk to the subject;
• 9. An increased risk for developing strabismus post-treatment;
• 10. Subjects with nystagmus or any other condition that would prevent a steady gaze during treatment or other diagnostic tests;
• 11. Taking supplements containing Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) within 1 week of the cross-linking treatment;
• 12. Corneal thickness <470 microns as measured by Pentacam;
• 13. The Investigator may exclude or discontinue any subject for any sound medical reason;
• 14. The subject should not have participated in any investigational drug or device study within 30 days of screening or be concurrently enrolled in another investigational drug or device study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: LASIK followed by Cross-linking (Continuous Wave); Following LASIK, the corneal bed will be thoroughly coated with five drops of riboflavin ophthalmic solution, rinsed with saline solution, and the corneal flap repositioned. The eye will then be irradiated at 30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA.	Drug: riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran; Other Names: Photrexa ZD; Device: UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 2 minutes continuous UVA); Other Names: KXL System; Procedure: Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis; Other Names: LASIK
Experimental: LASIK followed by Cross-linking (Pulsed); Following LASIK, the corneal bed will be thoroughly coated with five drops of riboflavin ophthalmic solution, rinsed with saline solution, and the corneal flap repositioned. The eye will then be irradiated at 30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off.	Drug: riboflavin ophthalmic solution, 0% dextran; Other Names: Photrexa ZD; Procedure: Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis; Other Names: LASIK; Device: UVA Irradiation (30 mW/cm2 for 3 minutes pulsed UVA with an on/off cycle of 2 seconds UVA on/1 second UVA off); Other Names: KXL System
Placebo Comparator: LASIK Only; Eyes assigned to this arm will receive standard LASIK with no cross-linking.	Procedure: Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis; Other Names: LASIK

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
MRSE Regression	The co-primary efficacy endpoints are a comparison of MRSE regression in the refractive outcome between the LASIK only eyes and the LASIK with cross-linking eyes within each treatment type and duration (2 minutes continuous UVA or 3 minutes pulsed UVA cross-linking) expressed as the change between one week and six months, and one week and twelve months.	one week to six months
MRSE Regression	The co-primary efficacy endpoints are a comparison of MRSE regression in the refractive outcome between the LASIK only eyes and the LASIK with cross-linking eyes within each treatment type and duration (2 minutes continuous UVA or 3 minutes pulsed UVA cross-linking) expressed as the change between one week and six months, and one week and twelve months.	one week to twelve months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Glaukos Corporation

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: August 1, 2013
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 1, 2015
• Study Completion (Actual): April 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 28, 2013
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 2, 2013
• First Posted (Estimate): July 9, 2013

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 26, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 22, 2021
• Last Verified: April 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: cross-linking; hyperopia; hyperopic astigmatism
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Eye Diseases; Refractive Errors; Astigmatism; Hyperopia; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Photosensitizing Agents; Dermatologic Agents; Micronutrients; Vitamins; Anticoagulants; Vitamin B Complex; Pharmaceutical Solutions; Plasma Substitutes; Blood Substitutes; Ophthalmic Solutions; Riboflavin; Dextrans
• Other Study ID Numbers: KXL-004