Gastric Emptying of Rice With Different Starch Properties

Assessment of Gastric Emptying and Fullness of Rice With Different Starch Properties

Glycemic carbohydrates are associated with metabolic disturbances, such as type II diabetes, due to rapid digestion of starch into glucose. The specific properties of starch within these foods has been studied for the purpose of slowing their digestion rate and improving related physiological outcomes, such as gastric emptying rate. The current study investigated the relationship among starch digestion, gastric emptying rate and satiety in white and brown rice.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Appetitive Behavior
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: White rice, low amylose; Other: White rice, high amylose; Other: White rice, slow; Other: White rice, resistant; Other: Brown rice, low amylose; Other: Brown rice, high amylose; Other: Fructooligosaccharide (FOS)

Detailed Description

Studies have indicated that starch-based foods with somewhat high amylose content have slower in vitro starch digestion rates, which relate to a low glycemic response. Low glycemic response is associated with delayed gastric emptying rate as well. Therefore, we hypothesized that rice with a slow starch digesting property would delay gastric emptying. White and brown rice with varying amylose contents were used in this study. A 13C-labeled octanoic acid breath test method was used to measure gastric emptying rate, and questionnaires were used to assess hunger and fullness during the testing sessions. Twelve healthy volunteers were recruited to participate in a crossover design study with six rice treatments and outcome measurements were gastric emptying and satiety assessments. One fermentable carbohydrate (fructooligosaccharide, FOS) solution was used to validate the production of breath hydrogen.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 12
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 50 years (ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Normal body mass index (18 kg/m2 ≤ BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Under any medication
• History of any gastrointestinal disease or surgery
• Diabetes
• Smoker

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: OTHER
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: CROSSOVER
• Masking: SINGLE

Number of Arms

7

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: White rice, low amylose; Cooked white rice with low amylose content	Other: White rice, low amylose; White and brown rice were tested for differences in gastric emptying rate and appetitive response
EXPERIMENTAL: White rice, high amylose; Cooked white rice with high amylose content	Other: White rice, high amylose; White and brown rice were tested for differences in gastric emptying rate and appetitive response
EXPERIMENTAL: White rice, slow; Cooked white rice with slow digesting starch	Other: White rice, slow; White and brown rice were tested for differences in gastric emptying rate and appetitive response
EXPERIMENTAL: White rice, resistant; Cooked white rice with resistant starch	Other: White rice, resistant; White and brown rice were tested for differences in gastric emptying rate and appetitive response
EXPERIMENTAL: Brown rice, low amylose; Cooked brown rice with low amylose content	Other: Brown rice, low amylose; White and brown rice were tested for differences in gastric emptying rate and appetitive response
EXPERIMENTAL: Brown rice, high amylose; Cooked brown rice with high amylose content	Other: Brown rice, high amylose; White and brown rice were tested for differences in gastric emptying rate and appetitive response
EXPERIMENTAL: Fructooligosaccharide (FOS); Fermentable carbohydrate solution	Other: Fructooligosaccharide (FOS); White and brown rice were tested for differences in gastric emptying rate and appetitive response

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Gastric emptying	Breath test was performed using 13C-octanoic acid mixed into test meals	Acute study, 4 hours after consumption of test food
Appetitive response	Fullness and hunger questionnaire was given at various time points after consumption of test foods	Acute study, 4 hours after consumption of test food

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Breath hydrogen	Hydrogen breath test was performed following ingestion of test meals	Acute study, 4 hours after consumption of test food

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Purdue University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: August 1, 2014
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): December 1, 2014
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): December 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 26, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 26, 2017
• First Posted (ESTIMATE): January 30, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ESTIMATE): January 30, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 26, 2017
• Last Verified: January 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: 1405014904

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO