Trial of EXenatide in Acute Ischaemic Stroke (TEXAIS)

A Multicentre, Randomised Controlled Trial of Exenatide Versus Standard Care in Acute Ischemic Stroke (TEXAIS)

A multicentre, randomised controlled Trial of Exenatide versus standard care in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Study Overview

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Conditions: Acute Ischemic Stroke
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Exenatide Injection

Detailed Description

Overview: Elevated blood glucose levels are common in many acute diseases, resulting in worse clinical outcomes. Hyperglycaemia in acute ischaemic stroke (post-stroke hyperglycaemia [PSH]) occurs in up to 50% patients, reduces the efficacy of stroke thrombolysis with increased risk of haemorrhage, increases infarct size, and results in worse clinical outcomes and death. Insulin-based therapies have not proved beneficial in treating PSH: they are difficult to implement and maintain, cause frequent hypoglycaemia, may cause increased infarct size, and do not reduce mortality or improve clinical outcomes. An alternative, simple to use, treatment for PSH may therefore have a significant impact not only for acute stroke care, but in other acute diseases.

Pilot data: Exenatide is a commonly used diabetes drug (a synthetic glucagon- like peptide-1 receptor agonist) that increases insulin secretion. Importantly, this action is glucose dependent - as blood glucose levels decrease, its stimulatory effect on insulin secretion subsides, with a very low risk of hypoglycaemia. A small randomised pilot study of 17 consecutive, unselected patients (ie. regardless of their admission glucose level) with acute ischaemic stroke compared subcutaneous exenatide 5μg for 5 days with routine standard of care. Overall, blood glucose levels remained consistently lower (and less variable) in the exenatide group, and most noticeably in those stroke patients with known diabetes. Exenatide was safe and well tolerated by all patients, with no symptomatic hypoglycaemia.

Trial design: TEXAIS is a 3 year Phase 2, multi centre, prospective, randomised, open label, blinded end-point (PROBE) trial comparing Exenatide to Standard of Care. The sample size is 528 patients (264 in each arm).

Intervention: Treatment arm will receive Exenatide (Byetta) 5μg subcutaneously twice daily for five days, commencing within 9 hours of symptom onset. Stroke onset time for wake-up strokes is taken as mid-point between going to bed, and waking up. Antiemetic therapy (metoclopramide or ondansetron) will be commenced with the first dose of Exenatide. In patients receiving tPA, Exenatide will be given alongside, or as soon as possible, following tPA administration (within 60 minutes). Diabetic patients already on oral agents and/or insulin may continue these (as per standard practice) in addition to Exenatide. Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) will track the intra-day dynamic variability of glucose in acute stroke.

Translation: TEXAIS is a simple, practical, study that can enrol all patients with ischaemic stroke, regardless of admission blood glucose level, regardless of stroke severity, with no target glucose level, and with low risk of hypoglycaemia.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 350
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Australia
  • New South Wales
    • Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia, 2010
      • St Vincent's Hospital Sydney
    • Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia, 2170
      • Liverpool Hospital
  • Queensland
    • Birtinya, Queensland, Australia, 4575
      • Sunshine Coast University Hospital
    • Herston, Queensland, Australia, 4029
      • Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital
    • Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia, 4102
      • Princess Alexandra Hospital
  • Tasmania
    • Launceston, Tasmania, Australia, 7250
      • Launceston General Hospital
  • Victoria
    • Box Hill, Victoria, Australia, 3128
      • Box Hill Hospital
    • Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia, 3065
      • St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne
    • Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia, 3084
      • Austin Hospital
    • Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3004
      • Alfred Hospital
    • Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3050
      • Royal Melbourne Hospital
  • Western Australia
    • Midland, Western Australia, Australia, 6056
      • St John of God Midland Public & Private Hospital
    • Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia, 6150
      • Fiona Stanley Hospital
• Finland
  • Helsinki, Finland, 00290
    • Helsinki University Hospital
• New Zealand
  • Christchurch, New Zealand, 8140
    • CDHB Christchurch Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Males and females 18 years or older
• Acute Ischaemic Stroke - CT brain exclusion of haemorrhagic stroke
• Blood glucose level on admission ≥ 4mmol/L
• First trial treatment possible within 9 hours of stroke onset
• Pre-morbid /mRS score of 0-2

Exclusion Criteria:

• Haemorrhagic stroke
• Poor clinical prognosis /palliation (considered unlikely to survive beyond 14 days post stroke).
• Any known allergy or hypersensitivity to Exenatide
• Females who are pregnant (known or suspected) or currently breastfeeding
• Any past history of pancreatitis or evidence of active pancreatitis
• History of active severe gastrointestinal disease (including but not limited to gastroparesis and dumping syndrome)
• Current chronic kidney disease stage 4 or 5 (creatinine clearance <30ml/min)
• Current participation in another interventional clinical trial
• Inability to provide consent (participant or person responsible as local laws apply)
• Current use of Exenatide (Byetta®), or other GLP-1 agonist diabetes medication
• Patients considered unlikely to be able to be followed up at 3 months (including but not limited to geographical location of patient at 3 months)

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: PARALLEL
• Masking: SINGLE

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: Active; Patients will receive exenatide injections	Drug: Exenatide Injection; 5μg subcutaneously twice daily for five days, commencing within 9 hours of symptom onset; Other Names: Byetta
NO_INTERVENTION: Standard Care; Standard care for stroke as per hospital protocol

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
improved neurological outcome	Treatment with short acting Exenatide (Byetta) in patients with acute ischaemic stroke is hypothesised to improve neurological outcome as measured by ≥8 point improvement in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) stroke disability score (or NIHSS 0-1) at 7 days	7 days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
post stroke hyperglycaemia	reduce the occurrence of post stroke hyperglycaemia (>7mmol/l).	90 days
Modified Rankin Scale	improve Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 days	90 days
NIHSS	improve NIHSS at 90 days	90 days

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Neuroscience Trials Australia
• Collaborators: National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia; Monash University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Christopher Bladin, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience & Mental Health Melbourne Brain Centre

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): November 23, 2017
• Primary Completion (ANTICIPATED): October 4, 2021
• Study Completion (ANTICIPATED): December 31, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 13, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 17, 2017
• First Posted (ACTUAL): September 19, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): September 14, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 7, 2021
• Last Verified: September 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: stroke; exenatide; glucose
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Necrosis; Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Brain Ischemia; Infarction; Brain Infarction; Stroke; Ischemic Stroke; Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Hypoglycemic Agents; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Hormones; Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists; Anti-Obesity Agents; Incretins; Exenatide
• Other Study ID Numbers: NTA1127; 2018-004325-88 (EUDRACT_NUMBER)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: Yes