- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT03329365
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria in ESUS & ETUS
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria and Embolic Strokes of Undetermined Source (ESUS) and Transient Ischemic Attacks of Undetermined Source (ETUS)
Study Overview
Status
Detailed Description
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare acquired clonal hematological disorder leading to red blood cells hemolysis and thrombosis. PNH has been reported to be the cause of cerebral venous thrombosis and embolic ischemic strokes and is sometimes diagnosed after the ischemic event. In young patients with embolic ischemic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS), thrombophilia is usually investigated. However, access to PNH testing is limited. PNH is rarely investigated in stroke patients and its contribution to the pathophysiology of ESUS is unknown. The investigators hypothesize that this condition is underdiagnosed, resulting in potential preventive opportunities being lost, since PNH can be successfully treated.
This observational study aims to determine the frequency of PNH among young (≤50 years old) patients with recent ESUS or embolic transient ischemic attacks (TIA) of undetermined source (ETUS) and patients with SSS-CVT of undetermined source (SSS-CVTUS).
Patients with ESUS or ETUS will be first screened for: (a) evidence of hemolysis based on their plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, (b) unexplained anemia based on their hemoglobin (Hb) levels, and (c) unexplained cytopenia (e.g., neutropenia and thrombocytopenia). Flow cytometry analysis for PNH will be performed with blood samples collected from subjects with abnormal level of plasma LDH (1.5X ULN) or unexplained anemia or cytopenia.
Patients with SSS-CVTUS will undergo flow cytometry without prior screening.
In addition, plasma and DNA samples will be collected in an optional sub-study for future analysis of DNA mutations related to specific PNH phenotypes in patients with stroke.
Study Type
Enrollment (Estimated)
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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Ontario
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London, Ontario, Canada, N6A5A5
- London Health Sciences Centre
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Sampling Method
Study Population
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
General:
- Participants with embolic ischemic stroke (ESUS), embolic transient ischemic attack (ETUS) or cerebral venous thrombosis (CVTUS) of undetermined source.
For transient ischemic attack (TIA):
One of the following criteria needs to be fulfilled to be considered as embolic TIA:
- Focal symptoms suggesting involvement of de cerebral cortex in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory (e.g., aphasia, neglect, apraxia, dystextia, anosognosia, isolated leg, arm or hand weakness). Some of these symptoms have been described as associated with subcortical fibers connecting cortical areas as well but, despite this, they are usually related to cortical localizations. Patients with hemianopia will be included only if hemianopia is not the primary symptom or an isolated symptom.
- Rapidly resolving hemispheric symptoms. This concept comprises two components: (a) sudden onset hemispheric syndrome: sudden onset of symptoms and signs implicating extensive ischemia in the internal carotid artery (ICA) or MCA territories, including hemiparesis, hemianopia, conjugate eye deviation, other cortical signs, or altered consciousness; and (b) spectacular shrinking deficit: improvement within 24 hours (approximately).
- Symptoms involving more than one vascular territory within a single hemisphere (e.g. left sided weakness + left homonymous hemianopia) or both (e.g., left sided weakness and aphasia in a right-handed patient).
- Simultaneous embolization to other organs (e.g., bowel, spleen, liver, kidneys, toes).
- Transient monocular blindness (amaurosis fugax) with no evidence of giant cell arteritis (e.g., normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate).
- No definite cortical symptoms but neuroimaging evidence of prior (chronic) typical infarct (wedge shaped, involving the cerebral cortex).
All of the following criteria must be fulfilled to be considered as TIA of undetermined source:
- No neuroimaging evidence of an acute brain infarct within the brain region(s) responsible for the presenting symptoms.
- Absence of extracranial or intracranial atherosclerosis causing ≥50% luminal stenosis in arteries supplying the area of ischemia.
- No major-risk cardioembolic source of embolism.
- No other specific cause of stroke identified (e.g., arteritis, dissection, migraine, vasospasm, or drug abuse).
- No persistent neurological focal symptoms at the time of neurological examination. The presence of persistent neurological focal symptoms in the absence of a visible brain infarct on DWI MRI will be regarded as a "clinically confirmed stroke with negative DWI MRI".
Exclusion Criteria:
General:
- Inability to provide informed consent
For stroke patients:
- Evidence of >50% stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) or MCA ipsilateral to the qualifying ischemic stroke on neurovascular imaging studies.
- Ischemic stroke involving deep structures and measuring < 15 mm on diffusion-weighted (DWI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cortical strokes measuring <15 mm will qualify to be included in the study.
- Evidence of a cause explaining the stroke (e.g. hypercoagulable state or any other major source of cardiac embolism).
For TIA patients:
- Patients no fulfilling the criteria for ETUS.
For cerebral venous thrombosis patients:
- Subjects without involvement of the superior sagittal sinus (SSS)
- Subjects with an evident cause explaining the thrombosis (e.g., thrombophilia)
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Observational Models: Cohort
- Time Perspectives: Prospective
Cohorts and Interventions
Group / Cohort |
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ESUS/ETUS
Patients with embolic ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack of undetermined source
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SSS-CVTUS
Patients with superior sagittal sinus cerebral venous thrombosis of undetermined source
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Frequency of PNH in ESUS/ETUS/SSS-CVTUS
Time Frame: At recruitment
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Percentage of patients with flow-cytometry-confirmed PNH
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At recruitment
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Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Frequency of PNH in ESUS/ETUS
Time Frame: At recruitment
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Percentage of ESUS/ETUS patients with flow-cytometry-confirmed PNH
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At recruitment
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Frequency of PNH in SSS-CVT
Time Frame: At recruitment
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Percentage of SSS-CVTUS patients with flow-cytometry-confirmed PNH
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At recruitment
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Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Collaborators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Luciano A Sposato, MD, London Health Sciences Center, Western University
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Estimated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Vascular Diseases
- Cerebrovascular Disorders
- Brain Diseases
- Central Nervous System Diseases
- Nervous System Diseases
- Urologic Diseases
- Urological Manifestations
- Bone Marrow Diseases
- Hematologic Diseases
- Urination Disorders
- Embolism and Thrombosis
- Anemia
- Brain Ischemia
- Proteinuria
- Stroke
- Anemia, Hemolytic
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes
- Ischemic Stroke
- Female Urogenital Diseases
- Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications
- Urogenital Diseases
- Male Urogenital Diseases
- Ischemic Attack, Transient
- Thrombosis
- Hemoglobinuria
- Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal
- Embolic Stroke
Other Study ID Numbers
- HSREB109061
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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