The Thiamine Administration After Cardiac Surgery Trial (TAACS)

Thiamine (Vitamin B1) is essential for cell function and as a co-factor of the enzyme Pyruvate Dehydrogenase to initiate the Krebs cycle and thus the aerobic metabolism of glucose.

We hypothesize that thiamine supplementation improves the clearance of lactate in the first 24 hours after cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation in patients with high lactate concentration.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Lactate Blood Increase; Thiamine Deficiency
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Thiamine 500 MG; Drug: Placebo

Detailed Description

Thiamine (Vitamin B1) is essential for cell function and as a co-factor of the enzyme Pyruvate Dehydrogenase to initiate the Krebs cycle and thus the aerobic metabolism of glucose.

Thiamine deficiency, can be caused by alcoholism or bariatric surgery and is associated with severe complications such as Wernicke's encephalopathy or Beri-Beri syndrome.

Thiamine deficiency can also be the cause for an increase in lactate levels due to the transformation of pyruvate to lactate. An increase in lactate levels is associated with a worse prognostic. A decrease is, on the contrary, associated with an improved prognostic, during CPR and also after cardiac arrest.

Recently, studies have shown that thiamine deficiency is underdiagnosed in ICU patients.

On top of this, extra-corporeal circulation can worsen this deficiency. This could explain why certain on-pump cardiac surgery patients have increased lactate levels post-operatively, despite optimal blood pressure, cardiac output, diuresis, peripheral perfusion Donnino et al have shown that in a sepsis context thiamine administration improved lactate clearance during the first 24 hours of ICU admission and improved mortality rates at 28 days post-ICU admission.

Therefore, the hypothesis of this study is that thiamine supplementation improves the clearance of lactate in the first 24 hours after cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation in patients with high lactate concentration.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 200
• Phase: Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Belgium
  • Hainaut
    • Charleroi, Hainaut, Belgium
      • CHU-Charleroi Hopital Civil Marie Curie

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult patients scheduled for elective cardiac surgery with extra-corporeal circulation in the CHU de Charleroi between November 2020 and December 2021. Written informed consent will be obtained from each patient/ family member participating in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients already supplemented with vitamins
• Patients with an allergy to thiamine
• Patients who are priorly treated with linezolide, antiretrovirals and/or metformin treatment within 48 hours preoperatively
• Patients with mitochondrial disorders
• Patients with Child Pugh C cirrhosis
• Patients with a history of epilepsy with tonic-clonic movements postoperatively.
• Pregnant patients

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Triple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Thiamine; Patients in this arm will receive a solution of 500 mg of Thiamine Hydrocloride in a solution of 100 ml of NaCl 0.9%.	Drug: Thiamine 500 MG; A solution of 500 mg of Thiamine Hydrocloride in a solution of 100 ml of NaCl 0.9% will be administered post-cardiac surgery in patients with lactate levels ≥ 2 mmol / L in the first 6 hours post-ICU admission.; Other Names: Thiamine
Placebo Comparator: Placebo; Patients in this arm will receive a solution of 100 ml of NaCl 0.9% alone.	Drug: Placebo; 100 ml of NaCl 0.9% will be administered in the placebo group.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Lactate	Lactate level will be specifically be measured 24h post-ICU admission to evaluate the effect of thiamine versus placebo.	24 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Fluid balance	The influence of thiamine/placebo on the use of volume expansion during ICU stay will also be evaluated	48 hours
Inotropes	The influence of thiamine: placebo on the use of inotropes during ICU stay will also be evaluated	48 hours
Mechanical ventilation	The influence of thiamine/ placebo on extubation time will also be evaluated.	48 hours
Length of ICU stay	The influence of thiamine/ placebo on ICU discharge will also be evaluated.	5 days
Length of hospital stay	The influence of thiamine/ placebo on hospital discharge will also be evaluated.	30 days

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Sarah Saxena
• Collaborators: CHU de Charleroi
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: MIchael Piagnerelli, MD; PHD, CHU de Charleroi, Belgium

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Frank RA, Leeper FJ, Luisi BF. Structure, mechanism and catalytic duality of thiamine-dependent enzymes. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2007 Apr;64(7-8):892-905. doi: 10.1007/s00018-007-6423-5.
• Collie JTB, Greaves RF, Jones OAH, Lam Q, Eastwood GM, Bellomo R. Vitamin B1 in critically ill patients: needs and challenges. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2017 Oct 26;55(11):1652-1668. doi: 10.1515/cclm-2017-0054.
• Flannery AH, Adkins DA, Cook AM. Unpeeling the Evidence for the Banana Bag: Evidence-Based Recommendations for the Management of Alcohol-Associated Vitamin and Electrolyte Deficiencies in the ICU. Crit Care Med. 2016 Aug;44(8):1545-52. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000001659.
• Nichol AD, Egi M, Pettila V, Bellomo R, French C, Hart G, Davies A, Stachowski E, Reade MC, Bailey M, Cooper DJ. Relative hyperlactatemia and hospital mortality in critically ill patients: a retrospective multi-centre study. Crit Care. 2010;14(1):R25. doi: 10.1186/cc8888. Epub 2010 Feb 24.
• Mikkelsen ME, Miltiades AN, Gaieski DF, Goyal M, Fuchs BD, Shah CV, Bellamy SL, Christie JD. Serum lactate is associated with mortality in severe sepsis independent of organ failure and shock. Crit Care Med. 2009 May;37(5):1670-7. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31819fcf68.
• Sterling SA, Puskarich MA, Shapiro NI, Trzeciak S, Kline JA, Summers RL, Jones AE; Emergency Medicine Shock Research Network (EMSHOCKNET). Characteristics and outcomes of patients with vasoplegic versus tissue dysoxic septic shock. Shock. 2013 Jul;40(1):11-4. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e318298836d.
• Casserly B, Phillips GS, Schorr C, Dellinger RP, Townsend SR, Osborn TM, Reinhart K, Selvakumar N, Levy MM. Lactate measurements in sepsis-induced tissue hypoperfusion: results from the Surviving Sepsis Campaign database. Crit Care Med. 2015 Mar;43(3):567-73. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000000742.
• Vellinga NAR, Boerma EC, Koopmans M, Donati A, Dubin A, Shapiro NI, Pearse RM, van der Voort PHJ, Dondorp AM, Bafi T, Fries M, Akarsu-Ayazoglu T, Pranskunas A, Hollenberg S, Balestra G, van Iterson M, Sadaka F, Minto G, Aypar U, Hurtado FJ, Martinelli G, Payen D, van Haren F, Holley A, Gomez H, Mehta RL, Rodriguez AH, Ruiz C, Canales HS, Duranteau J, Spronk PE, Jhanji S, Hubble S, Chierego M, Jung C, Martin D, Sorbara C, Bakker J, Ince C; microSOAP study group. Mildly elevated lactate levels are associated with microcirculatory flow abnormalities and increased mortality: a microSOAP post hoc analysis. Crit Care. 2017 Oct 18;21(1):255. doi: 10.1186/s13054-017-1842-7.
• Nguyen HB, Rivers EP, Knoblich BP, Jacobsen G, Muzzin A, Ressler JA, Tomlanovich MC. Early lactate clearance is associated with improved outcome in severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2004 Aug;32(8):1637-42. doi: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000132904.35713.a7.
• Jones AE, Shapiro NI, Trzeciak S, Arnold RC, Claremont HA, Kline JA; Emergency Medicine Shock Research Network (EMShockNet) Investigators. Lactate clearance vs central venous oxygen saturation as goals of early sepsis therapy: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2010 Feb 24;303(8):739-46. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.158.
• Jansen TC, van Bommel J, Schoonderbeek FJ, Sleeswijk Visser SJ, van der Klooster JM, Lima AP, Willemsen SP, Bakker J; LACTATE study group. Early lactate-guided therapy in intensive care unit patients: a multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010 Sep 15;182(6):752-61. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200912-1918OC. Epub 2010 May 12.
• Pan J, Peng M, Liao C, Hu X, Wang A, Li X. Relative efficacy and safety of early lactate clearance-guided therapy resuscitation in patients with sepsis: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Feb;98(8):e14453. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000014453.
• Donnino MW, Miller J, Goyal N, Loomba M, Sankey SS, Dolcourt B, Sherwin R, Otero R, Wira C. Effective lactate clearance is associated with improved outcome in post-cardiac arrest patients. Resuscitation. 2007 Nov;75(2):229-34. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2007.03.021. Epub 2007 Jun 20.
• Donnino MW, Andersen LW, Chase M, Berg KM, Tidswell M, Giberson T, Wolfe R, Moskowitz A, Smithline H, Ngo L, Cocchi MN; Center for Resuscitation Science Research Group. Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Crit Care Med. 2016 Feb;44(2):360-7. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000001572.
• Costa NA, Gut AL, de Souza Dorna M, Pimentel JA, Cozzolino SM, Azevedo PS, Fernandes AA, Zornoff LA, de Paiva SA, Minicucci MF. Serum thiamine concentration and oxidative stress as predictors of mortality in patients with septic shock. J Crit Care. 2014 Apr;29(2):249-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2013.12.004. Epub 2013 Dec 14. Erratum In: J Crit Care. 2016 Dec;36:311.
• Donnino MW, Carney E, Cocchi MN, Barbash I, Chase M, Joyce N, Chou PP, Ngo L. Thiamine deficiency in critically ill patients with sepsis. J Crit Care. 2010 Dec;25(4):576-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2010.03.003. Epub 2010 Jun 19.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 20, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 3, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): October 3, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 17, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 17, 2020
• First Posted (Actual): November 23, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 17, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 16, 2022
• Last Verified: November 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Metabolic Diseases; Nutrition Disorders; Avitaminosis; Deficiency Diseases; Malnutrition; Vitamin B Deficiency; Hyperlactatemia; Thiamine Deficiency; Beriberi; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Micronutrients; Vitamins; Vitamin B Complex; Thiamine
• Other Study ID Numbers: TAACS trial

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No