Effects of Action Observation Therapy With Otago Exercises on Balance and Quality of Life in Older Adults

This study is to determine to see the effect of action observation therapy with otago exercise on Balance and Quality Of Life.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Balance; Distorted
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Action Observation Therapy and Otago Exercises; Other: Otago Exercises

Detailed Description

This study is designed to reduce the Fall and balance problems and increase the quality of life in older adults. Balance, which declines with aging, is a complex sensory-motor process in which the visual, vestibular, and musculoskeletal systems work cooperatively to produce postural stability and loss of balance control causes falls, resulting in severe injuries, such as fractures, causing longstanding pain, lower quality of life, disability, and even death.

Interventions include balance and postural control that can help older people to avoid falling, through tai chi methods, gait training, strengthening exercises, and balance training programs.

The Otago Exercise Program comprises muscle strength exercises, balance training, and walking. The Otago workout program is based on individual tolerance, consisting of strengthening, balance, walking, and aerobic activities, and can be done at home environment Action observation is a cognitive intervention training strategy that involves observing other people's performance in order to promote motor learning.

Participants were instructed to watch a video on a screen while comfortably seated in a chair with armrests. They were not allowed to follow along or engage in any movement while watching the video. After the watching video of each component of otago exercises the exercises performed by participant based on the content of the video.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 54
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Waqar Ahmed Awan, PhD; Phone Number: +923335348846; Email: waqar.ahmed@riphah.edu.pk

Study Locations

• Pakistan
  • Islamabad, Pakistan, 44000
    • Recruiting
    • Waqar Awan Awan
    • Contact: Waqar Awan Awan, PhD; Phone Number: 03335348846; Email: waqar.ahmed@riphah.edu.pk

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Both genders
• Participant experience fall > one time in last 6 months.
• Participants having Berg Balance score between 20 to 40

Exclusion Criteria:

• ●Abnormalities in visual, auditory, or vestibular system
• Limb defects
• History of recent fractures
• Participants with Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular disease or traumatic brain injury and Epilepsy

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Action observation therapy with Otago exercise; Participants' Instructions:; Watch a video on a 22-inch screen.; Screen positioned 1 meter away from them.; Comfortably seated in a chair with armrests.; No following along or movement allowed.; Video Features: Model in the video is 70 years old or older. Model similar to the participants.; Video Viewing: Duration: 17 minutes (1 minute per video). Supervised by the same investigator. Quiet environment during observation.; Physical Training Session: Supervised by a therapist.; Duration: 35 minutes (2 minutes max per session).; Based on content from the video.; Action Observation Training: Activities during the physical education workshops featured in the videos.	Other: Action Observation Therapy and Otago Exercises; Strength Training Component:Knee Flexor, Knee Extensor, Hip Adductors, Ankle Planter Flexors, Ankle Dorsi Flexors Balance Training Component: Activities include: Walking backwards, Walking in a figure of eight, Heel-toe walking, Standing on one leg, Walking on the heels, Walking on the toes, Heel-toe walking backwards, Standing up from a sitting position, Walking up stairs. Training Frequency and Guidance: Exercises conducted three times a week,Guidance provided by a therapist. Training Session Duration: Each session lasts for 35-40 minutes. Warm-up and Cool-down:5-minute warm-up before each session and 5-minute cool-down after each session.
Active Comparator: Otago exercise; Strength Training Component:Knee Flexor, Knee Extensor, Hip Adductors, Ankle Planter Flexors, Ankle Dorsi Flexors; Balance Training Component:; Activities include: Walking backwards, Walking in a figure of eight, Heel-toe walking, Standing on one leg, Walking on the heels, Walking on the toes, Heel-toe walking backwards, Standing up from a sitting position, Walking up stairs.; Training Frequency and Guidance: Exercises conducted three times a week,Guidance provided by a therapist.; Training Session Duration: Each session lasts for 35-40 minutes.; Warm-up and Cool-down:5-minute warm-up before each session and 5-minute cool-down after each session.	Other: Otago Exercises; Strength Training Component:Knee Flexor, Knee Extensor, Hip Adductors, Ankle Planter Flexors, Ankle Dorsi Flexors Balance Training Component: Activities include: Walking backwards, Walking in a figure of eight, Heel-toe walking, Standing on one leg, Walking on the heels, Walking on the toes, Heel-toe walking backwards, Standing up from a sitting position, Walking up stairs.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Berg Balance Scale	The Berg Balance Scale is a testing tool with high validity and reliability used to measure balance. A five-point ordinal scale, ranging from 0-4. "0" indicates the lowest level of function and "4" the highest level of function. Total Score = 56. Score 0-20(High Risk of Fall), 21-40(Moderate Risk of Fall) and 41-54(Low Rosk of Fall)	Baseline to 12th week
Time Up and Go test	The Timed Up and Go test is to identify mobility and balance impairments in older adults. Score ≥12 seconds (Risk of Fall)	Baseline to 12th week
Functional Reach Test	The Functional Reach Test is a single item test developed as a quick screen for balance problems in older adults. Score >6 inches (High Risk of Fall), 6-10 inches (Risk of Fall)	Baseline to 12th week

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Short Form 36	The SF 36 is use to measure the Quality of Life	Baseline to 12th week

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Riphah International University
• Collaborators: Health Education Research Foundation (HERF)
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Waqar Ahmed Awan, PhD, Riphah International University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): July 12, 2023
• Primary Completion (Estimated): October 30, 2023
• Study Completion (Estimated): November 30, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 10, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 18, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): August 23, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 23, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 18, 2023
• Last Verified: August 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: 01345

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No