Effect of Calisthenic Exercise Training Combined With Aerobic Exercise in Patients With Dyslipidemia

December 30, 2024 updated by: Furkan Özdemir, Çankırı Karatekin University

Investigation of the Effect of Calisthenic Exercise Training Combined With Aerobic Exercise on Exercise Tolerance, Physical Fitness and Plasma Lipid Profile in Patients With Dyslipidemia

Dyslipidemia is expressed as the serum concentration of lipid molecules with different structures outside the normal level. Deviation of serum lipid level from normal is accepted as the primary or most important factor in various cardiac and metabolic diseases, especially atherosclerosis. Dyslipidemia-related cardiovascular structure change is accepted as an important public health problem worldwide, and it is stated that the combined use of medical treatment, changes in diet and physical activity/structured exercise programs in the treatment of dyslipidemia is important in the success of treatment.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Lipid profile disorders (especially high total blood cholesterol level) are a major problem worldwide, and accepted as a important public health problem. It has been reported that approximately one out of every three people worldwide has been exposed to dyslipidemia risk factors. Prevalence studies showed that lipid profile disorders vary between 6.9% and 43.6% worldwide. Today, ischemic heart and central nervous system diseases are the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in adult population, globally. Especially, it is accepted that lipid profile disorders are the leading risk factors causing ischemic heart diseases.

Prevalence varies according to regions, lifestyle habits and individual factors, because of lipid profile disorders are caused by many different genetic and environmental factors. Apart from individual factors, there are other factors that lipid weight in diet, nutrient deficiencies which balancing lipid metabolism, physical activity level and inactivity, other comorbid diseases, and medical treatments change lipid metabolism in individuals and lead to deterioration in lipid profile. Especially lifestyle habits affect lipid metabolism most easily and they are the most easily modifiable factors.

It is recommended to apply a multi-dimensional approach when treating lipid profile disorders. It is recommended that, to include diet counseling and exercise therapy in these approaches. Exercise therapy is especially recognized as an important treatment option for the control and treatment of obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia and metabolic syndrome symptoms that may accompany dyslipidemia.

It has been reported that aerobic exercise programs increase patients' quality of life and functionality which applied to dyslipidemia patients, but there is lack of information available in literature about the effects of calisthenic exercises in patients with dyslipidemia.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

39

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey
      • Ankara, Turkey
        • Hacettepe University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Screening by the internal medicine clinic with the diagnosis of dyslipidemia
  • Being between 18 to 65 years old
  • Volunteering to participate in the research

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Having any cardiac disease
  • Having a co-existing psychiatric illness (like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, etc.)
  • Being infected with COVID-19 in the last 3 months
  • Having any neurological problems that may affect cooperation
  • Having pulmonary or orthopedic problem that may affect functional capacity

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Calisthenic + Aerobic Exercise Group
Patients will take aerobic exercise training in 3 days per week, and 7 days per week calisthenic exercises for upper extremity, lower extremity and trunk, for 8 weeks.
Other: Calisthenic Exercises
Exercises for upper extremity, lower extremity and trunk which applying just patient's own body weight via using body mechanics. There is no need for any tools for exercises.
Other: Aerobic Exercises
Exercises which loading cardiovascular, respiratory and muscular system at the same time. Treadmill training will apply in the study.
Active Comparator: Aerobic Exercise Group
Patients will take aerobic exercise training in 3 days per week, for 8 weeks.
Other: Aerobic Exercises
Exercises which loading cardiovascular, respiratory and muscular system at the same time. Treadmill training will apply in the study.
No Intervention: Control Group
Patients will take physical activity recommendations, and just screening after 8 weeks.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Exercise Capacity
Time Frame: Second Day
Cardiopulmonary exercise capacity will assess as primary outcome measure, via cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET).
Second Day

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Blood Lipids Concentration Assessment
Time Frame: First Day
Concentration of LDL-C, HDL-C, Total cholesterol (TC) and Triglyceride (TG) will assess in blood (in mg/dL units of measure) after 12 hours fasting.
First Day
Apolipoprotein A1 Concentration Assessment
Time Frame: First Day
Concentration of Apolipoprotein A1 will assess in blood (in g/dL units of measure) after 12 hours fasting.
First Day
Blood Sugar Concentration Assessment
Time Frame: First Day
Concentration of fasting blood sugar (in mmol/L units of measure) and rate of HbA1c (in % units of measure) will assess in blood after 12 hours fasting.
First Day
C-reactive Protein Concentration Assessment
Time Frame: First Day
Concentration of C-reactive protein (in mg/dL units of measure) will assess in blood after 12 hours fasting.
First Day
Sit-to-Stand Test
Time Frame: First Day
A one-minute sit-to-stand test will be applied to the patients. One standing position followed by sitting will count as one cycle. Patients' total cycles within 60 seconds will be counted as test score (in cycle/minute units of measure)
First Day
Timed Up-and-Go Test
Time Frame: First Day
Timed up-and-go test will be applied to the patients. Patients will be asked to get up from the chair, walk the 3-meter distance, return and sit back in the chair, as quickly as possible. The total time that patients complete the test and sit on the chair again will be recorded as the test score (in second/lap units of measure).
First Day
Peripheral Muscle Strength Assessment
Time Frame: First Day
The muscle strength of the shoulder abductor and knee extensor muscles on the dominant and non-dominant sides of the patients will be evaluated with a portable dynamometer. During the evaluations, the patients will be asked to try to resist the force to be applied in the opposite direction of the relevant muscle's function with isometric muscle contraction. The force released during the test will be measured and the highest score (in newton [N] units of measure) will be recorded for each muscle within 3 tests.
First Day
Hand-Grip Strength Assessment
Time Frame: First Day
The hand grip strength of the patients will be measured with a portable hand dynamometer. The patients will be asked to grasp the dynamometer with their fingers on the dominant and non-dominant side and squeeze it most strongly. The highest score (in kilogram force [KgF] units of measure) of 3 measurements on both sides will be recorded.
First Day
Flexibility Assessment
Time Frame: First Day
Flexibility of patients will be evaluated with sit-and-reach test. Patients will be asked to stretch their hands on a bench with a measuring ruler while in a long sitting position with the ankle angled at 90 degrees and the knee fully extended. How many centimeters ahead or behind the toes of the patient's fingertips will be measured.
First Day

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Quality of Life Assessment
Time Frame: Second Day
Quality of life will assess via Short Form-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire. The questionnaire consist from 36 questions and total score ranges between 0 to 100 point. Higher scores shows better quality of life.
Second Day

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Çankırı Karatekin University

Collaborators

Hacettepe University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

May 14, 2023

Primary Completion (Actual)

July 31, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

August 8, 2023

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 23, 2023

First Posted (Actual)

August 24, 2023

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 25, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 30, 2024

Last Verified

December 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • KA-22027

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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