Oral Health in Patients Hospitalized Because of Ischemic Stroke

Assessment of Oral Health in Patients Hospitalized Because of Ischemic Stroke

Maintaining good oral health is essential for general health and quality of life. Results of many anal-yses showed that stroke patients had poorer oral condition and worse periodontal status than control population. The aim of the study was to carry out a clinical observation concerning condition of oral health in stroke patients and healthy population.

The oral health was assessed in patients with stroke and in (control group). The following elements were assessed: missing teeth, the presence of active caries foci, the presence of existing fillings and prosthetic restorations. To assess oral hygiene API (Approximal Plaque Index) was used. As part of periodontal examina-tion, the following were assessed: the presence of dental deposits, the depth of the existing periodontal pockets, tooth mobility according to Hall and Sulcus Bleeding Index during probing (SBI).

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Oral Disease; Stroke, Ischemic
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: oral examination; Other: oral examination

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 118

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Poland
  • Szczecin, Poland, 70-111
    • Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The study group consisted of 59 individuals subjects with a first ischemic stroke, with symptoms from the anterior cerebral artery (basin of the internal carotid artery), with a significant neurological deficit (minimum 3 points according to National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)). The control group (59 individuals) matched for age and gender was selected among patients of the Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry at Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• first ischemic stroke, with symptoms from the anterior cerebral artery (basin of the internal carotid artery), with a significant neurological deficit (minimum 3 points according to National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS))

Exclusion Criteria:

• aphasia, disturbances of consciousness, mental disorders- making it impossible to express informed consent,
• surgery of the salivary glands- disrupting the secretion of saliva,
• diseases that disrupt salivary secretion (diabetes mellitus, Sjogren's syndrome, condition after radio-therapy in the area of the salivary glands)

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
study group; The study group consisted of 59 individuals subjects with a first ischemic stroke, with symptoms from the anterior cerebral artery (basin of the internal carotid artery), with a significant neurological deficit (minimum 3 points according to National Institute of Health Stroke Scale	Other: oral examination; The oral health was assessed in each patient enrolled in the study. The examination was performed by using dental mirror and a calibrated periodontal probe in a day ight; Other Names: study group; Other: oral examination; The oral health was assessed in each patient enrolled in the study. The examination was performed by using dental mirror and a calibrated periodontal probe in the artificial lightning; Other Names: control group
control group; The control group (59 individuals) matched for age and gender was selected among patients of the Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry at Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin.	Other: oral examination; The oral health was assessed in each patient enrolled in the study. The examination was performed by using dental mirror and a calibrated periodontal probe in a day ight; Other Names: study group; Other: oral examination; The oral health was assessed in each patient enrolled in the study. The examination was performed by using dental mirror and a calibrated periodontal probe in the artificial lightning; Other Names: control group

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Oral health status	The study aimed to estimate and compare a condition of oral health in stroke patients during hospital stay and healthy individuals.The following elements were assessed: a number of missing teeth, active caries foci and existing fillings. Each tooth was evaluated and scored as sound, decayed (DT), extracted because of the carious pro-cess (MT), or filled due to caries (FT). The data obtained from the examination were used to calculate the DMFT index, which is the sum of DT, MT and FT, and expresses dental caries experience.	Baseline
Oral hygiene assessment	Value of API is determined in percentage, according to proportion of the number of interproximal areas with plaque to number of all assessed interproximal areas.API values between 100-70% indicate the improper oral hygiene, values between 70-40% indicate an average oral hygiene, values between 39-25% indicate quite good hygiene, and values below 25% indicate optimal oral hygiene.	Baseline
Periodontal status- periodontal pockets	The depth of the existing periodontal pockets in mm (up to 3mm, 3-6 mm, above 6 mm).	Baseline
Periodontal status-tooth mobility	Tooth mobility according to Hall (0- no mobility, 1- labio-lingual mobility up to 1mm, 2- labio-lingual mobility up to 2 mm, 3- labio-lingual and vertical mobility).	Baseline
Periodontal status- bleeding	Sulcus Bleeding Index during probing (SBI). SBI is an index of gingival inflammation in which bleeding is measured from four gingival units (mesial and distal papillary units and labial and lingual marginal units) using a periodontal probe with a 0,5 mm diameter tip. The scoring range around eight anterior teeth (four maxillary and four mandibular) is from 0 (healthy appearance and no bleeding on probing to 5 (spontaneous bleeding with marked swelling and change in colour).	Baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Pomeranian Medical University Szczecin

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 10, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): November 15, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): December 10, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 1, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 22, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): March 27, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 27, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 22, 2024
• Last Verified: March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: stroke; oral health; periodontium; dentition
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Stomatognathic Diseases; Stroke; Ischemic Stroke; Ischemia; Mouth Diseases
• Other Study ID Numbers: KB-0012/06/10

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No