Horizontal Ridge Augmentation With Demineralized Bone Allograft Layered With Xenograft - a Prospective Clinical Study

The aim of this case series is to evaluate the outcomes of horizontal ridge augmentation performed using a combination of demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft layered with xenograft bone with a resorbable native collagen membrane.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Alveolar Ridge Deficiency
• Intervention / Treatment: Device: Xenograft and allograft

Detailed Description

The aim of the study is to evaluate the outcomes of horizontal gone gain when demineralized freeze dried bone allograft (DFDBA) and xenograft are used in a layering technique.

Primary objectives are to compare the bone gain after the bone augmentation procedure. Secondary outcomes are to study the vital bone percentage formation after the bone augmentation procedure and to study the amount of shrinkage of the graft material observed after the procedure.

Test group will consist of patients receiving horizontal ridge augmentation using a combination of DFDBA layered with xenograft particulate bone using a resorbable collagen membrane. Surgical procedure is describe under assigned interventions.

Follow up and implant placement:

The patients will be followed up at 1-2, 3-5 and 6-8 weeks to assess the surgical site for healing. Following this, the patient will be allowed to heal for a period of 6-9 months at which point a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) will be taken to evaluate the bone gain after horizontal ridge augmentation.

CBCT Measurements:

The images obtained from the CBCT scan will be transferred to a digital CBCT viewing software in which measurements will be carried out. The anatomical landmarks and adjacent teeth will be identified and used to orient the scan to get an image representing the buccal-palatal plane of the area of interest. The horizontal bone gain will be measured at 3,5,7 mm from the crest. Additionally, the amount of graft shrinkage will be measured between immediate post-operative CBCT and follow up CBCT.

Bone core biopsies:

Following at least 6 months of healing and follow up, patients will be appointed for implant placement. At this visit a full thickness flap will be raised. If anatomical considerations and space permits, a bone core biopsy will be obtained using a trephine and stored in formalin for histologic and histo-morphometric analysis. The harvesting of a bone core is considered additional for the study. It will only be performed if it is safe to do so and the harvesting of the core will not jeopardize the long-term longevity of the implant placement (not all patients that are part of the study will undergo the harvesting of a bone core). This bone core will be saved for histologic analysis.

Histologic preparation and evaluation:

Following the bone core removal, the biopsied specimens will be stored until further evaluation. The bone core biopsies will be prepared and evaluated at a lab. De-identified samples will be shipped to the lab for further analysis. Briefly, the biopsy will be dehydrated in a series of ethanol baths. Following this, it will be infiltrated in xylene and methyl metha-acrylate. Following embedding, the bone samples will be sectioned using a hard tissue microtome and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The quantitative assessment of percentage vital bone, graft particles and connective tissue will be measured using a grid under magnification.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 15
• Phase: Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Louisiana
    • New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, 70119
      • LSUHSC School of Dentistry

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients at least 18 years of age Patients requiring horizontal bone augmentation prior to implant placement ASA I or ASA II patients Non-smoker Patients willing to be followed up for a period of 6-9 months Patients must be physically able to tolerate conventional surgical procedure or procedures under IV moderate sedation.

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients with uncontrolled diabetes Patients with history of radiation to the jaw Patient with immune compromise due to disease or medication Patients requiring primarily vertical bone augmentation prior to implant placement Patients taking bisphosphonates Patients with HIV or hepatitis infection Patients who are known to be pregnant or planning to within 6 months of study enrollment Patients with a history of a failed implant in the site. Patients with an active infection or pathology in the site of treatment that need to be treated prior to bone augmentation Patients with a history of untreated generalized chronic periodontitis Patients who are unable to provide consent and require a legally authorized representative to sign on their behalf

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental: Xenograft and allograft; The group will consist of patients receiving horizontal ridge augmentation using a combination of Demineralized Freeze Dried Bone Allograft (DFDBA) layered with xenograft particulate bone using a resorbable collagen membrane. The DFDBA will be used internally in contact with the native bone and xenograft will be layered buccal to it.

Device: Xenograft and allograft; For the guided bone augmentation procedure, a crestal incision with one or two vertical incision will be made and a full thickness mucoperiosteal flap will be elevated. Decortication will be performed and the patient will receive grafting with DFDBA with a buccal overlay of xenograft. A bi-layered native collagen membrane will be used and fixed with tacks or sutures. Periosteal incisions will be made to get tension free primary closure. The flap will be closed with sutures. Patients will be prescribed antibiotics, analgesics and mouth rinses as appropriate.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Amount of horizontal bone gain	Horizontal bone gain will be measured from post operative CBCT scans taken 6-9 months following the procedure	6-9 months
Percentage of Vital bone	Vital bone percentage will be measured from the bone core trephines taken 6-9 months after the procedure during implant placement	6-9 months
Amount of graft shrinkage	Graft shrinkage will be measured as the change in horizontal bone width between immediate post operative CBCT scans and scans taken at 6-9 months	6-9 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Incidence of surgical complications	Surgical complications will be noted during the healing period	1-2 weeks, 3-5 weeks, 6-8 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center in New Orleans
• Collaborators: Geistlich Pharma
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Eswar Kandaswamy, MS, LSUHSC School of Dentistry

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 27, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 15, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): October 15, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 27, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 27, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): April 2, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 21, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 18, 2025
• Last Verified: June 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Dental implant; Bone graft; Bone atrophy; Horizontal ridge augmentation
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Surgical Procedures, Operative; Transplantation; Transplantation, Heterologous; Transplantation, Homologous
• Other Study ID Numbers: 5591 (CTEP)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: Yes
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No