Effects of Autogenic Inhibition and Reciprocal Inhibition in Amateur Football Players With Shin Splints.

July 12, 2024 updated by: Riphah International University

Effects of Autogenic Inhibition and Reciprocal Inhibition on Pain, Range of Motion, Function and Sports Performance in Amateur Football Players With Shin Splints.

This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effectiveness of Autogenic Inhibition and Reciprocal Inhibition in treating shin splints among amateur footballers aged 18-30 from SA Gardens Football Club, Lahore. Participants will be recruited through non-probability convenient sampling and randomly assigned into two groups using random number sampling. A single-blind approach will be employed, with one group receiving Autogenic Inhibition treatment and the other receiving Reciprocal Inhibition treatment over a period of four weeks, with three sessions per week. The study will measure outcomes including pain alleviation, improvement in range of motion (ROM), enhanced function, and improved sports performance. This research seeks to provide insights into the benefits of muscle energy techniques for athletes with shin splints, contributing valuable knowledge to sports medicine and rehabilitation practices.

Study Overview

Status

Recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Recent literature provides substantial evidence supporting the efficacy of muscle energy techniques (METs), including Autogenic Inhibition, for various musculoskeletal conditions across different populations. Robert F. et al. (2023) conducted a quasi-experimental study using a pre- and post-test design to compare Kalternborn grade III mobilization and METs in 30 patients, finding significant improvements in pain and neck function. Siddiqui M. et al. (2022) demonstrated in a randomized control trial that Autogenic Inhibition was more effective than Reciprocal Inhibition in improving pain, range of motion, and functional disability in patients with mechanical neck pain. Similarly, Osama M. et al. (2022) found Autogenic Inhibition to be the most effective among static stretching, AI-MET, and RI-MET for enhancing isometric muscle strength in neck pain patients. Majeed A. et al. (2021) showed that Autogenic Inhibition had better outcomes than static stretching for hamstring flexibility. Khaled H. Yousef et al. revealed that adding METs to conventional therapy significantly improved pain, impairment, and hip range of motion in patients with chronic discogenic sciatica. A systemic review by Thomas E. et al. (2019) confirmed METs' effectiveness in reducing chronic and acute pain and improving range of motion. Despite these positive findings, there is limited research on METs for sports-related conditions like shin splints. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the specific benefits and drawbacks of a structured MET program for shin splints in a sports environment, providing valuable insights for athletes in managing and preventing overuse and bone stress injuries efficiently.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

16

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

  • Pakistan
    • Punjab
      • Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, 05450
        • Recruiting
        • Pakistan Sports Board
        • Contact:
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Zohaib Imran, MS SPT

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Both genders.
  2. Age 18-30 years.
  3. Those who are actively taking part in sports from last 1 year.
  4. Subjects who have NPRS scores from moderate pain (NPRS 4-6) to severe pain (NPRS 7- 10).
  5. Subjects diagnosed with category 2 Shin splints through Shin splint scoring system (Male 2- 14, Female 6-16) and category 3 (Male 14-29, Female 17-29).

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. History of Central or peripheral vascular disease.
  2. History of lower limb fracture / Trauma (Any side) in last 6 months.
  3. History of lower limb Surgery (Any side) in last 6 months.
  4. History of any malignancy.
  5. Leg length discrepancy.
  6. Biomechanical imbalances.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Autogenic Inhibition
Group 1 will receive Autogenic inhibition with conventional treatment. Autogenic inhibition will be applied to the muscles of the anterior tibial compartment, including Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus (Perform Dorsi-Flexion), Lateral Tibial Muscles (Peronei), and posterior tibial muscles including, gastrocnemius, soleus and plantaris (Perform Plantarflexion).
Other: Heating Therapy
Heating Therapy will be performed on subjects along with PNF Exercises.
Other: Manual Soft tissue Release
Manual Soft tissue Release will be performed on subjects along with PNF Exercises.
Experimental: Reciprocal Relaxation
Group 2 will receive reciprocal inhibition with conventional treatment. Reciprocal inhibition will be applied to the muscles of the anterior tibial compartment, including Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus (Perform Dorsi-Flexion), Lateral Tibial Muscles (Peronei), and posterior tibial muscles including, gastrocnemius, soleus and plantaris (Perform Plantarflexion).
Other: Heating Therapy
Heating Therapy will be performed on subjects along with PNF Exercises.
Other: Manual Soft tissue Release
Manual Soft tissue Release will be performed on subjects along with PNF Exercises.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Pain: Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Time Frame: 1st day and 12th week.
NPRS is a reliable tool when measuring pain.
1st day and 12th week.
Ranges of Motion: Goniometery
Time Frame: 1st day and 12th week.
The testing position will supine laying with foot in a resting position and towel rolled under ankle, the goniometer center will be on either of the malleolus. The proximal arm will be placed parallel to the ground or tibia/fibula. The distal arm will be moved with the movement of foot into dorsiflexion or plantarflexion.
1st day and 12th week.
Function: Lower Extremity Functioning Scale (LEFS)
Time Frame: 1st day and 12th week.
LFS is reliable tool to measure lower extremity functional status. It will take 2-5 minutes with each subject to take th readings.
1st day and 12th week.
Performance: 60m yard test
Time Frame: 1st day and 12th week.
1.60m yard test Athlete to sprint as fast as possible over 60 metres after warming up for 10 minutes. The assistant marks out a 60-metre straight section on the track with cones. The assistant gives the command "GO" and starts the stopwatch. The athlete sprints as fast as possible over the 60 metres. The assistant stops the stopwatch as the athlete's torso crosses the finishing line and records the time.
1st day and 12th week.
Performance: Yoyo Test
Time Frame: 1st day and 12th week.
Yoyo test: Subject performs an appropriate warm-up. Use cones to mark out two lines 20 meters apart as per the diagram. The participants start with their foot behind one of the lines, and begin running when instructed. They continue running between the two lines, turning when signaled by the recorded beeps. After each minute or so, the pace gets quicker. If the line is not reached in time the subject must run to the line, turn and try to catch up with the pace within 2 more 'beeps. The test is stopped if the subject fails to catch up with the pace within the two ends.
1st day and 12th week.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Riphah International University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Zohaib Imran, Riphah International University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

December 23, 2023

Primary Completion (Estimated)

July 1, 2024

Study Completion (Estimated)

July 1, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

July 9, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 12, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

July 15, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

July 15, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 12, 2024

Last Verified

July 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • REC/RCR & AHS/23/0484

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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