Prevalence of Tooth Wear and Its Association with Oral Health-related Quality of Life

Prevalence of Tooth Wear, Predictive Risk Factors and Its Association with Oral Health-related Quality of Life Among Middle -aged Adult Patients Attending Dental Educational Hospital At Cairo University: Cross-sectional Study

The aim of this study is to detect the prevalence of tooth wear (All forms of cumulative surface loss of mineralized tooth substance loss due to physical and chemico-mechanical process according to the definition of the European Organization for Caries Research (ORCA) and the International Cariology Research Group for Dental Research (IADR) i.e.: attrition, erosion and abrasion) among middle aged adult patients attending educational hospital at the Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University and to analyze the distribution of lesions by gender and age, frequency of acidic foods and drinks consumption, medicine usage, chewing habits, systemic diseases, tooth brushing habits, and family socio economic status. Moreover, to evaluate the quality of life among middle aged elderly patients in relation to existence of tooth wear.

The study focuses on middle-aged adult patients (31-45 years) attending the Faculty of Dentistry at Cairo University during 2025-2026. It is an analytical cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the prevalence and risk level of tooth wear using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination Index (BEWE). The BEWE categorizes tooth wear into four levels (0 = no wear, 3 = severe wear), and risk levels are determined by the cumulative score.

Primary outcome: the prevalence of tooth wear and associated risk levels. Secondary outcomes: identifying predictive risk factors and assessing the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) for patients diagnosed with tooth wear. All participants will be examined, and those with a BEWE score above 0 will be considered affected. Risk levels will be stratified as no risk, low, medium, or high.

Study Overview

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Conditions: Tooth Wear; Attrition; Erosion
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: No Intervention: Observational study for prevalence of dental wear and its association with quality of life

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Estimated): 1011

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: omnia Abdellatif omnia Abdellatif Amin, MSC. degree; Phone Number: +2 01272512839; Email: omnia.abdellatif@dentistry.cu.edu.eg

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Middle aged adult patient attending educational hospital for dental treatments free of charfge

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• 1- Patients whose age between 31 to 45 years old. 2- Egyptian 3- Males & Females 4- Provide informed consent 5- Ability to comprehend asked questions

Exclusion Criteria:

• 1- Patients under or over the selected age group 2- Patients using fixed orthodontic appliances, 3- Patients with special needs

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Middle aged Adults NOT suffering from dental wear; Middle aged Adults NOT suffering from dental wear attending dental educational hospital in Cairo University
Middle aged adults Suffering from dental wear; Middle aged adults Suffering from dental wear attending dental educational hospital in Cairo University	Other: No Intervention: Observational study for prevalence of dental wear and its association with quality of life; not applicable as it is an observational study testing the prevalence of dental wear in patients attending Cairo University

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Prevalence and risk level of tooth wear	Prevalence of wear will be tested using Basic erosive wear examination index (BEWE) 0 =no tooth wear; =minimal loss of surface texture; = distinct defect, hard tissue loss <50% of the surface area; = hard tissue loss ≥ 50% of the surface area The examination is repeated for all teeth in a sextant but only the surface with the highest score is recorded for each sextant. To calculate prevalence Examined participants with score 0 will represent unaffected population % Examined participants with scores above 0 will represent the affected population % Stratification of risk levels will be done for affected population according to BEWE risk levels. The sum of the scores is calculated to provide the BEWE risk level (0-14) 0-2 = no risk 3-8= low risk 9-13= medium risk 14= high risk	1 year

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
• Predictive risk factors for all participants using a questionnaire	Sociodemographic data: age, gender, occupation and education Predictive risk factors: Frequency of consuming acidic food and fruits, carbonated beverages and alcohol.; Medicine usage ( vitamin c, aspirin); Chewing habits; Systemic diseases; Tooth brushing habits; Family socio economic status.	1year
Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) using a questionnaire	OHRQoL will be measured using Oral Health Index Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire OHIP-14 is a 14-item questionnaire that measures : Functional limitation Physical pain Phycological discomfort Physical disability Social disability Phycological disability Handicap It measures responses on a Likert scale (0-4) with the following values: Never (0) Hardly ever (1) Occasionally (2) Frequently (3) Very frequently (4) Points for each response are summed so that each patient can score a minimum of 0 points and a maximum of 56 points. Low scores indicate better self-perceived quality of life, and high scores indicate worse self-perception of oral quality of life Participants diagnosed with tooth wear	1 year

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Cairo University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Estimated): February 1, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): October 1, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): November 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 9, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 28, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): October 30, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 30, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 28, 2024
• Last Verified: October 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: quality of life; Tooth wear; attrition; BEWE; Basic erosive wear examination
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Stomatognathic Diseases; Tooth Diseases; Tooth Wear; Tooth Attrition
• Other Study ID Numbers: 1441991

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No