CLEAR Trial: CA330 Cytokine Adsorption Column for Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Patients in Non-Elective CPB Surgery. (CLEAR)

A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of the CA330 Haemoadsorption Device in Patients for Limiting Excess Anticoagulation in Non-elective caRdiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether the CA330 cytokine adsorption column can reduce perioperative severe bleeding adverse events in patients receiving anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet therapy who undergo non-elective cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

• Does the use of the CA330 cytokine adsorption column lower the incidence of perioperative severe bleeding compared with standard care?
• Does the intervention improve short-term clinical outcomes, such as transfusion requirements, reoperation rates for bleeding, or overall postoperative recovery?

If there is a comparison group: Researchers will compare patients treated with the CA330 cytokine adsorption column versus patients receiving standard cardiopulmonary bypass management to see if cytokine adsorption provides additional safety and efficacy benefits.

Participants will:

• Undergo non-elective cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass.
• Be randomly assigned to receive either the CA330 cytokine adsorption column integrated into the CPB circuit (intervention arm) or standard CPB management without the device (control arm).
• Be monitored for perioperative bleeding outcomes, transfusion needs, reoperation rates, and overall postoperative prognosis.

Study Overview

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Conditions: CABG; Aortic Dissection; Valvular Heart Diseases
• Intervention / Treatment: Device: CA330 Cytokine Adsorption Column

Detailed Description

I. Study Background

Anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents reduce the risk of thrombosis by inhibiting platelet aggregation or coagulation factor activity, but they significantly increase the risk of intraoperative and postoperative bleeding. In urgent or emergency surgery, patients may be unable to discontinue anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy in time, leading to markedly higher rates of bleeding complications during and after surgery. This presents major challenges for perioperative management and seriously affects patient outcomes.

The CA330 cytokine adsorption column is a novel hemoperfusion device that removes specific substances from the blood via adsorption during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of CA330 in reducing perioperative severe bleeding adverse events during non-elective cardiac surgery under CPB in patients receiving anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy. The ultimate goal is to provide a safer and more effective surgical strategy, improve patient prognosis, and generate high-level evidence for clinical practice.

II. Study Objectives

1. Primary Objective:

   To evaluate the efficacy of CA330 in reducing perioperative severe bleeding adverse events during non-elective cardiac surgery with CPB in patients receiving anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy, thereby providing a safer and more effective surgical strategy.

2. Secondary Objectives:

By comparing perioperative outcomes and drug concentration monitoring between the intervention and control groups, to clarify the clearance efficiency of CA330 for different drugs during non-elective cardiac surgery with CPB, and to provide valuable guidance for clinical practice.

III. Study Protocol

1. Enrollment and Randomization:

   Eligible patients will be enrolled, randomized 1:1 into the intervention and control groups, provide written informed consent, and have baseline preoperative data collected.

2. Intervention and Procedures:

   • Standard anesthesia and surgical procedures will be applied.
   • CPB will be established using standardized management protocols based on guidelines and expert consensus.
   • In the intervention group, CA330 will be integrated into the CPB circuit; the control group will receive standard CPB management without the device.
   • Drug concentrations will be measured at:
   • T0: end of anesthesia induction
   • T1: initiation of CPB
   • T2: 30 min after CPB
   • T3: 60 min after CPB
   • T4: 120 min after CPB
   • T5: before weaning from CPB
   • T6: after protamine administration
   • Coagulation profile (five-item coagulation test) will be measured preoperatively and within 24h post-ICU admission.
   • Blood gas analysis will be performed at T0, T2, T5, and T6.

3. Outcome Measures:

   • Primary Endpoint:

   Incidence of BARC (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium) type 4 bleeding.

   • Secondary Endpoints:
   • Perioperative transfusion rate and volume of allogeneic blood products
   • Duration of mechanical ventilation
   • ICU length of stay
   • Total hospital length of stay
   • Hospital costs
   • Incidence of severe perioperative complications, including acute renal failure, severe hepatic dysfunction, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and thromboembolic events.

4. Statistical Analysis:

   Comparative analyses will be performed between groups to assess differences in perioperative and follow-up outcomes, thereby determining the safety and efficacy of CA330 in non-elective cardiac surgery with CPB among patients receiving anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy, and to guide optimal clinical management.

5. Sample Size:

A total of 120 patients are planned for enrollment. After enrollment of the first 60 patients, an interim analysis will be conducted based on observed endpoint outcomes to re-estimate sample size. The final sample size will not exceed 200 patients.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 120
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Xing Hao; Phone Number: +8664456328; Email: haoxing131@126.com

Study Locations

• China
  • Beijing Municipality
    • Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China, 100029
      • Center for Cardiac Intensive Care, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients scheduled to undergo non-elective cardiovascular surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass;
• Patients currently receiving one or more of the following medications - indobufen, ticagrelor, warfarin, cilostazol, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or apixaban - with the last dose administered within the drug washout period.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with a history of chronic liver failure, stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD5), or requiring regular dialysis;
• Patients in special physiological states: pregnancy or puerperium;
• Patients with advanced-stage malignancy or scheduled cardiovascular surgery related to tumor management;
• Patients with allergic reactions to cytokine adsorption column resin or related components;
• Patients with known bleeding risk due to hematologic disorders such as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, hemophilia, or acute sickle cell crisis;
• Patients with severe infection, including severe sepsis.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Triple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: CA330 Group; CA330 Cytokine Adsorption Column and Standard Cardiopulmonary Bypass Management	Device: CA330 Cytokine Adsorption Column; CA330 Cytokine Adsorption Column (Experimental Arm): The CA330 cytokine adsorption column is a novel hemoperfusion device integrated into the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit. During CPB, the column removes specific circulating substances, including inflammatory mediators and residual anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs, via adsorption. Patients in this arm will undergo non-elective cardiac surgery with standard anesthesia, surgery, and perioperative management, with the addition of the CA330 device placed inline during CPB.
No Intervention: non-CA330 Group; Standard Cardiopulmonary Bypass Management Alone

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
incidence of BARC-4 severe bleeding	The primary endpoint is a composite outcome, defined as the occurrence of any one of the following events: Intracranial hemorrhage within 48 hours of the perioperative period(Number);; Reoperation after sternotomy closure to control bleeding(Number);; Transfusion of ≥5 units (1,000 mL) of whole blood or packed red blood cells within 48 hours(Number);; Postoperative chest drainage ≥2 L within 24 hours(Number). Unit of measure: number of participants experiencing at least one component of the composite endpoint.	within 48 hours of the perioperative period

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
All-cause mortality(Death from any cause).	Unit of Measure: Number (%)	From the end of surgery to 30 days postoperatively
Volume and incidence of perioperative allogeneic blood product transfusion	Unit of Measure: Number (%)	From the end of surgery to 30 days postoperatively
Total Volume of Allogeneic Blood Products Transfused	Unit of Measure: mL	From the end of surgery to 30 days postoperatively
Incidence of other severe complications, including new-onset perioperative renal failure, severe hepatic dysfunction, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and thromboembolic events	Unit of Measure: Number (%)	From the end of surgery to 30 days postoperatively
ICU length of stay	Unit of Measure: Days	From the end of surgery to 30 days postoperatively
Hospital length of stay	Unit of Measure: Days	From the end of surgery to 30 days postoperatively
Hospitalization costs	Unit of Measure: CNY	From the end of surgery to 30 days postoperatively

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Beijing Anzhen Hospital
• Collaborators: Xijing Hospital; Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital; West China Hospital; Tongji Hospital; First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital; Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital; Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Henan Provincial Chest Hospital; Army Medical University, China; Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
• Investigators: Study Chair: Xiaotong Hou, Beijing Anzhen Hospital

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Estimated): December 15, 2025
• Primary Completion (Estimated): December 31, 2027
• Study Completion (Estimated): June 30, 2028

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: September 26, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 14, 2025
• First Posted (Actual): December 16, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 16, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 14, 2025
• Last Verified: December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Dissection, Blood Vessel; Acute Aortic Syndrome; Vascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Heart Diseases; Aortic Diseases; Aneurysm; Aortic Dissection; Heart Valve Diseases
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2025-08-CLEAR

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No